Biochemistry of Fruits and Vegetables
... Processed foods have no internal organelles (the cell is essentially empty or contains destroyed remnants of cellular components) and therefore is considerably softer. “Minimal” processing of many commodities is necessary prior to processing when texture is not a major concern. For example, spinach. ...
... Processed foods have no internal organelles (the cell is essentially empty or contains destroyed remnants of cellular components) and therefore is considerably softer. “Minimal” processing of many commodities is necessary prior to processing when texture is not a major concern. For example, spinach. ...
Plant grafting: Insights into tissue regeneration
... detects wounding and begins the regeneration process. There are several possibilities for how a plant could sense and initiate graft forma- ...
... detects wounding and begins the regeneration process. There are several possibilities for how a plant could sense and initiate graft forma- ...
Presentation - MIT Lincoln Laboratory
... For all particle pairs (Pa,Pb) • Small r gets done on host in DP • r < cut-off gets done with force pipeline • (Pa,Pb) in cell-set gets done with filter • (Pa,Pb) not in cell-set computed on host O(1) ...
... For all particle pairs (Pa,Pb) • Small r gets done on host in DP • r < cut-off gets done with force pipeline • (Pa,Pb) in cell-set gets done with filter • (Pa,Pb) not in cell-set computed on host O(1) ...
during Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation Transcription by Lytic
... This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 30771981), National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Grant 2006CB504305), and National High-Tech Research and Development Plan (863 Program, Grant 2006AA02A245). ...
... This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 30771981), National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Grant 2006CB504305), and National High-Tech Research and Development Plan (863 Program, Grant 2006AA02A245). ...
Apoptotic cell clearance: basic biology and therapeutic potential
... by fibroblasts in the absence of macrophages2. In fact, the formation of plasma membrane blebs (a common morphological feature of apoptosis) is required for the generation of smaller apoptotic cell fragments (known as apoptotic bodies). In multiple cell types, activation of RHO-associated protein ki ...
... by fibroblasts in the absence of macrophages2. In fact, the formation of plasma membrane blebs (a common morphological feature of apoptosis) is required for the generation of smaller apoptotic cell fragments (known as apoptotic bodies). In multiple cell types, activation of RHO-associated protein ki ...
Link
... body position in the cord, neurotransmitter phenotype, axonal projection pattern, and synaptic target selection. Many V0 interneurons are commissural neurons of mixed neurotransmitter phenotypes that extend axons rostrally in the embryonic cord (Moran-Rivard et al., 2001; Pierani et al., 2001). The ...
... body position in the cord, neurotransmitter phenotype, axonal projection pattern, and synaptic target selection. Many V0 interneurons are commissural neurons of mixed neurotransmitter phenotypes that extend axons rostrally in the embryonic cord (Moran-Rivard et al., 2001; Pierani et al., 2001). The ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... molecular structure (Reshak et al., 2009). Second harmonic light emerging from SHG material is exactly half the wavelength (frequency doubled) of the light entering the material (Reshak et al., 2009). The alternative technique, two-photon-excited fluorescence (TPEF) is also a two-photon process. TPE ...
... molecular structure (Reshak et al., 2009). Second harmonic light emerging from SHG material is exactly half the wavelength (frequency doubled) of the light entering the material (Reshak et al., 2009). The alternative technique, two-photon-excited fluorescence (TPEF) is also a two-photon process. TPE ...
Trainor - Master BMC
... Ras-MAPK, FGF, Wnt, and Notch signaling (Hay, 1995). Taken together with the fact that certain childhood solid tumors and metastatic cancers such as melanoma and neuroblastoma derive from specific embryonic progenitor cells, this lends support to the idea that cancer in some instances is a disorder ...
... Ras-MAPK, FGF, Wnt, and Notch signaling (Hay, 1995). Taken together with the fact that certain childhood solid tumors and metastatic cancers such as melanoma and neuroblastoma derive from specific embryonic progenitor cells, this lends support to the idea that cancer in some instances is a disorder ...
Branching morphogenesis of the Drosophila tracheal system. Annual Review of Cell Developmental Biology 19, 623-647. pdf
... mutants in each class allowed a test of the interdependence of gene expression between classes. Molecular epistasis experiments showed that the genes were organized into a regulatory hierarchy, with some genes in each expression class not only required to promote the cellular events of that stage of ...
... mutants in each class allowed a test of the interdependence of gene expression between classes. Molecular epistasis experiments showed that the genes were organized into a regulatory hierarchy, with some genes in each expression class not only required to promote the cellular events of that stage of ...
Stat3/Cdc25a-dependent cell proliferation promotes embryonic axis
... to spinal curvatures in stat3 mutants (S2 Fig, S1–S3 Movies). In the first group, vertebrae with a straight vertebral body and perpendicular end plates display either gentle or sharp turns (S2B and S2C Fig). In the second group, abnormal vertebral morphology such as bent vertebral body and non-perpe ...
... to spinal curvatures in stat3 mutants (S2 Fig, S1–S3 Movies). In the first group, vertebrae with a straight vertebral body and perpendicular end plates display either gentle or sharp turns (S2B and S2C Fig). In the second group, abnormal vertebral morphology such as bent vertebral body and non-perpe ...
Quantitative analysis of changes in spatial distribution and plus
... The effect of cell-plate assembly matrix association on microtubule plus ends is illustrated graphically in Fig. 3 and quantitatively in Fig. 4. In Fig. 3, the microtubule plus-end types are shown as colored dots (yellow, blunt ends; green, extended ends; red, horned ends; blue, flared ends). The hi ...
... The effect of cell-plate assembly matrix association on microtubule plus ends is illustrated graphically in Fig. 3 and quantitatively in Fig. 4. In Fig. 3, the microtubule plus-end types are shown as colored dots (yellow, blunt ends; green, extended ends; red, horned ends; blue, flared ends). The hi ...
Motilities Swimming, Swarming, and Twitching Adherent Phenotypic
... Bacteria in natural habitats usually grow as biofilms, organized communities of cells embedded in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix and attached to a surface (5). In recent years, much has been learned about how cells initiate biofilm formation (43, 49). Escherichia coli mutants defective in bi ...
... Bacteria in natural habitats usually grow as biofilms, organized communities of cells embedded in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix and attached to a surface (5). In recent years, much has been learned about how cells initiate biofilm formation (43, 49). Escherichia coli mutants defective in bi ...
PDF - Bezanilla Lab
... Studies using reverse genetic approaches are now increasing. This review does not attempt to catalogue such studies but illustrates their potential by focusing on two examples. The first example is the study of sulfur assimilation. Plants, like fungi and bacteria, acquire sulfur by the reduction of s ...
... Studies using reverse genetic approaches are now increasing. This review does not attempt to catalogue such studies but illustrates their potential by focusing on two examples. The first example is the study of sulfur assimilation. Plants, like fungi and bacteria, acquire sulfur by the reduction of s ...
Micronuclei Bearing Acentric Extrachromosomal Chromatin Are
... elimination of amplified c-myc genes was accelerated by the treatment of the cells with low concentration of hydroxyurea (5, 8), and the elimination was accompanied by the specific inclusion of DMs into micronuclei, as shown by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a DM-specific probe (4, ...
... elimination of amplified c-myc genes was accelerated by the treatment of the cells with low concentration of hydroxyurea (5, 8), and the elimination was accompanied by the specific inclusion of DMs into micronuclei, as shown by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a DM-specific probe (4, ...
Handout
... Diagram of changes in cytoskeletal organization associated with cell division • The polarization of the actin cytoskeleton is assisted by the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) located in front of the nucleus. • When the cell divides, the polarized microtubule array rearranges to form a bipolar ...
... Diagram of changes in cytoskeletal organization associated with cell division • The polarization of the actin cytoskeleton is assisted by the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) located in front of the nucleus. • When the cell divides, the polarized microtubule array rearranges to form a bipolar ...
PDF
... peroxisome for oxidation. Interestingly, a reverse transition from leaf peroxisomes to peroxisomes containing ICL may occur during starvation and organ senescence (reviewed by Nishimura et al., 1996; Pracharoenwattana and Smith, 2008). When seedling peroxisomes are transformed to leaf peroxisomes, o ...
... peroxisome for oxidation. Interestingly, a reverse transition from leaf peroxisomes to peroxisomes containing ICL may occur during starvation and organ senescence (reviewed by Nishimura et al., 1996; Pracharoenwattana and Smith, 2008). When seedling peroxisomes are transformed to leaf peroxisomes, o ...
RNA Processing Bodies, Peroxisomes, Golgi Bodies, Mitochondria
... In addition to deploying membrane-bound organelles, the cytoskeleton deploys other kinds, including those related to RNA metabolism. The most familiar of these is the ribosome, but cells contain several types of large RNA–protein complex, collectively termed RNA granules. In animal cells, RNA granul ...
... In addition to deploying membrane-bound organelles, the cytoskeleton deploys other kinds, including those related to RNA metabolism. The most familiar of these is the ribosome, but cells contain several types of large RNA–protein complex, collectively termed RNA granules. In animal cells, RNA granul ...
A mutant Escherichia coli that attaches peptidoglycan to
... O-antigen (O-Ag) oligosaccharides to LPS (Han et al., 2012; Ruan et al., 2012). Indeed, the suppressed strain is certainly no more vancomycin sensitive than is the corresponding wild-type control (Figure 1A). However, this suppressor (waaL15 herein) was not specific for lptE613 or even for LPS trans ...
... O-antigen (O-Ag) oligosaccharides to LPS (Han et al., 2012; Ruan et al., 2012). Indeed, the suppressed strain is certainly no more vancomycin sensitive than is the corresponding wild-type control (Figure 1A). However, this suppressor (waaL15 herein) was not specific for lptE613 or even for LPS trans ...
MAPK Phosphatase AP2C3 Induces Ectopic Proliferation of
... transcription factors that are successively ushering cells though the steps of stomata lineage: SPEECHLESS (SPCH) - initiation;, MUTE - proliferation; and FAMA - stomata differentiation [13,14,15,16]. Phosphorylation of SPCH by MPK6 was shown to control the entry into stomata lineage and to connect ...
... transcription factors that are successively ushering cells though the steps of stomata lineage: SPEECHLESS (SPCH) - initiation;, MUTE - proliferation; and FAMA - stomata differentiation [13,14,15,16]. Phosphorylation of SPCH by MPK6 was shown to control the entry into stomata lineage and to connect ...
NH3/N2/CO2 I I |-|2
... centration and increasing temperatures. For example, urea samples contained in 0 M, 1 M, 5 M and 7 M KOH at 50° C. for 89 hours produced 0.7%, 4.2%, 27.4% and 36.7% hydrolysis, respectively. A 7 M KOH sample of urea at 700 C. for only 24 hours provided over 95% hydrolysis. The hydrolysis reaction is ...
... centration and increasing temperatures. For example, urea samples contained in 0 M, 1 M, 5 M and 7 M KOH at 50° C. for 89 hours produced 0.7%, 4.2%, 27.4% and 36.7% hydrolysis, respectively. A 7 M KOH sample of urea at 700 C. for only 24 hours provided over 95% hydrolysis. The hydrolysis reaction is ...
Saccharomyces boulardii Using Intraspecific Protoplast Fusion
... into M MR medium supplemented with adenine or lysine or argenine to determine the number of intact yeast cells. Table (2) showed that the number of intact S.b.M1 cells was about 3000 cells / ml of protoplast suspension while it was about 4500 and 5500 cells / ml for S.b.M2 and S.b.M3, respectively. ...
... into M MR medium supplemented with adenine or lysine or argenine to determine the number of intact yeast cells. Table (2) showed that the number of intact S.b.M1 cells was about 3000 cells / ml of protoplast suspension while it was about 4500 and 5500 cells / ml for S.b.M2 and S.b.M3, respectively. ...
PDF version
... metaphase of meiosis I (Wallenfang and Seydoux, 2000). However, during embryogenesis centrosomes, or short microtubules that they nucleate, appear essential for symmetry breaking, as demonstrated by experiments in which centrosomes are ablated with a laser-microbeam (Cowan and Hyman, 2004b). By cont ...
... metaphase of meiosis I (Wallenfang and Seydoux, 2000). However, during embryogenesis centrosomes, or short microtubules that they nucleate, appear essential for symmetry breaking, as demonstrated by experiments in which centrosomes are ablated with a laser-microbeam (Cowan and Hyman, 2004b). By cont ...
Mitochondrial behaviour throughout the lytic cycle of Toxoplasma
... Morphological changes in the mitochondrion of extracellular tachyzoites. Most previously available imaging of mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in live T. gondii utilized a matrix marker whereby the leader sequence of mitochondrial HSP60 is fused to the red fluorescent protein and the resulting ...
... Morphological changes in the mitochondrion of extracellular tachyzoites. Most previously available imaging of mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in live T. gondii utilized a matrix marker whereby the leader sequence of mitochondrial HSP60 is fused to the red fluorescent protein and the resulting ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.