... plasma membrane [28, 30]. By using a monoclonal antibody against respiratory mucin, we detected the presence of secreted mucin at the tips of microvilli, and along cilia, as well as in a matrix-like material which surrounded aggregated P. aeruginosa associated with human epithelial respiratory cells ...
Polar auxin transport and patterning
... polar auxin transport properties has been published in an attempt to explain phyllotaxis (de Reuille et al. 2006; Jonsson et al. 2006; Smith et al. 2006). Different primary assumptions have been made to enable in silico generation of maxima in a pattern that matches the emergence of leaf primordia i ...
... polar auxin transport properties has been published in an attempt to explain phyllotaxis (de Reuille et al. 2006; Jonsson et al. 2006; Smith et al. 2006). Different primary assumptions have been made to enable in silico generation of maxima in a pattern that matches the emergence of leaf primordia i ...
DDX3 functions in antiviral innate immunity through translational
... It has been reported that DDX3 participates in a wide variety of cellular functions, such as cell cycle progression [15,20,23,24], germ line development [25], viral replication [8,13,26,27], cancer progression [3,4,28] and antiviral innate immunity [29–33]. Recently, it has emerged that DDX3 plays a ...
... It has been reported that DDX3 participates in a wide variety of cellular functions, such as cell cycle progression [15,20,23,24], germ line development [25], viral replication [8,13,26,27], cancer progression [3,4,28] and antiviral innate immunity [29–33]. Recently, it has emerged that DDX3 plays a ...
Neural differentiation from embryonic stem cells in vitro: An overview
... This is based on the finding that 4-d of RA treatment substantially increases the synthesis of the Dickkopf-related protein 1 (Dkk-1), a Wnt antagonist, and induces the expression of the Wnt/Dkk-1 co-receptor LRP6[14]. When recombinant Dkk-1 was utilized, the EBs presented in a similar manner to tre ...
... This is based on the finding that 4-d of RA treatment substantially increases the synthesis of the Dickkopf-related protein 1 (Dkk-1), a Wnt antagonist, and induces the expression of the Wnt/Dkk-1 co-receptor LRP6[14]. When recombinant Dkk-1 was utilized, the EBs presented in a similar manner to tre ...
TESIS DOCTORAL
... of new myocardial tissue. We hypothesize that this mechanism could be enhanced by the application of a bioactive implant that could maintain the cells in the implanted site, afford the mechanical heart behavior and, at the same time, provide to the implanted cells a proper microenvironment. Therefor ...
... of new myocardial tissue. We hypothesize that this mechanism could be enhanced by the application of a bioactive implant that could maintain the cells in the implanted site, afford the mechanical heart behavior and, at the same time, provide to the implanted cells a proper microenvironment. Therefor ...
Hypothetical photosensory structure in ciliated protozoan, Blepharisma
... corresponding to TBS were observed in the space between the ectocyst and the plasma membrane (Fig. 4E, ref. Fig. 7B-2). The formation of endocyst-1 (en-1) is followed by the formation of several layers of endocyst, the precursor of which is probably supplied by a periodic excretion into the space be ...
... corresponding to TBS were observed in the space between the ectocyst and the plasma membrane (Fig. 4E, ref. Fig. 7B-2). The formation of endocyst-1 (en-1) is followed by the formation of several layers of endocyst, the precursor of which is probably supplied by a periodic excretion into the space be ...
DISCUSSION The actin cytoskeleton mediates a variety of essential processes in... including cell motility, cell shape, phagocytosis, and cytokinesis. Three distinct...
... GTPases: Cdc42 induces filopodia, Rac regulates membranes ruffles and lamellipodia, and Rho regulates stress fiber formation (Hall, 1998). These GTPases exert their effects via specific effectors, some of which may have direct or indirect effects on lipid metabolism. In this study we provide evidenc ...
... GTPases: Cdc42 induces filopodia, Rac regulates membranes ruffles and lamellipodia, and Rho regulates stress fiber formation (Hall, 1998). These GTPases exert their effects via specific effectors, some of which may have direct or indirect effects on lipid metabolism. In this study we provide evidenc ...
Viruses and Life
... reached the maximum gene-capacity faster than in the absence of these genes. This suggests that systems containing capsid-like genes would possibly outcompete non-capsid systems. However, the simulated proto-cells had to come up with innovations that helped them to combat parasites in order for the ...
... reached the maximum gene-capacity faster than in the absence of these genes. This suggests that systems containing capsid-like genes would possibly outcompete non-capsid systems. However, the simulated proto-cells had to come up with innovations that helped them to combat parasites in order for the ...
Regulatory B cells in autoimmune diseases
... phenotypes and origins have also been identified during arthritis development. Mauri et al. have performed a comprehensive study that examines whether adoptive transfer of activated B cells from arthritic mice has an inhibitory effect on CIA.43 Mauri and colleagues found that the in vitro activation ...
... phenotypes and origins have also been identified during arthritis development. Mauri et al. have performed a comprehensive study that examines whether adoptive transfer of activated B cells from arthritic mice has an inhibitory effect on CIA.43 Mauri and colleagues found that the in vitro activation ...
Introduction to Anatomy ontologies
... About thirty years ago there was much talk that geologists ought only to observe and not theorise; and I well remember some one saying that at this rate a man might as well go into a gravel-pit and count the pebbles and describe the colours. ...
... About thirty years ago there was much talk that geologists ought only to observe and not theorise; and I well remember some one saying that at this rate a man might as well go into a gravel-pit and count the pebbles and describe the colours. ...
The origins, function, and regulation of T follicular helper cells
... Another subset of murine CD4+ T cells provides the requisite help for the early differentiation of B cells into extrafollicular plasmablasts producing low-affinity Ig (Lee et al., 2011). Reminiscent of Tfh cells, these extrafollicular Th cells express Bcl-6 and CXCR5 and provide help to B cells via ...
... Another subset of murine CD4+ T cells provides the requisite help for the early differentiation of B cells into extrafollicular plasmablasts producing low-affinity Ig (Lee et al., 2011). Reminiscent of Tfh cells, these extrafollicular Th cells express Bcl-6 and CXCR5 and provide help to B cells via ...
Sample Preparation: The Forgotten Beginning
... detection limit as low as a single copy of the nucleic acid target. A primary advantage of this technology as applied to the detection of foodborne pathogens is the theoretical potential to replace cultural enrichment with specific nucleic acid sequence enrichment, thereby substantially decreasing t ...
... detection limit as low as a single copy of the nucleic acid target. A primary advantage of this technology as applied to the detection of foodborne pathogens is the theoretical potential to replace cultural enrichment with specific nucleic acid sequence enrichment, thereby substantially decreasing t ...
Adenomatous polyposis coli - Journal of Cell Science
... The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is a key tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in the gene have been found not only in most colon cancers but also in some other cancers, such as those of the liver. The APC gene product is a 312 kDa protein that has multiple domains, through which it binds to va ...
... The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is a key tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in the gene have been found not only in most colon cancers but also in some other cancers, such as those of the liver. The APC gene product is a 312 kDa protein that has multiple domains, through which it binds to va ...
20. A Cellular Adventure
... Lysosome: Yeah, I do get very full. Sometimes I feel like I’m going to burst. All of the organelles mumble “Oh, no… don’t burst!” Ryan: Well, what’s wrong with that? Lysosome: Remember when I said that I was full of digestive enzymes? Ryan: Yeah, but what does that have to do with anything? Lysosome ...
... Lysosome: Yeah, I do get very full. Sometimes I feel like I’m going to burst. All of the organelles mumble “Oh, no… don’t burst!” Ryan: Well, what’s wrong with that? Lysosome: Remember when I said that I was full of digestive enzymes? Ryan: Yeah, but what does that have to do with anything? Lysosome ...
b. non-vascular plants - Mrs. Harter
... small mass. An atom can be described as having a small, very dense nucleus with a very low density electron cloud surrounding it. Therefore, most of the mass of the universe is made up of protons and neutrons. Strong nuclear forces hold the protons and neutrons together, while the electrons are attr ...
... small mass. An atom can be described as having a small, very dense nucleus with a very low density electron cloud surrounding it. Therefore, most of the mass of the universe is made up of protons and neutrons. Strong nuclear forces hold the protons and neutrons together, while the electrons are attr ...
mast cells and basophils
... several other related cytokines, through the common βchain of the IL-3 receptor. The basophil specific marker recognized by the antibody Bsp-1 [86] is now known to be found at low levels on several other leucocytes (Bochner BS, personal communication). Mast cell receptors. In contrast to the basophi ...
... several other related cytokines, through the common βchain of the IL-3 receptor. The basophil specific marker recognized by the antibody Bsp-1 [86] is now known to be found at low levels on several other leucocytes (Bochner BS, personal communication). Mast cell receptors. In contrast to the basophi ...
Neurofilaments Help Maintain Normal Morphologies and Support
... cultures, and placed into sterile-filtered HBS. More detailed protocols for preparing such cultures can be found elsewhere (Anderson et al., 1977; Cohen et al., 1987; Tabti and Poo, 1991). Briefly, the vitelline membrane was manually removed and a dorsal portion of the embryo consisting of the devel ...
... cultures, and placed into sterile-filtered HBS. More detailed protocols for preparing such cultures can be found elsewhere (Anderson et al., 1977; Cohen et al., 1987; Tabti and Poo, 1991). Briefly, the vitelline membrane was manually removed and a dorsal portion of the embryo consisting of the devel ...
Recovery of the resurrection plant Craterostigma wilmsii from
... taken for this protection to be instituted is thought to preclude recovery after rapid drying. Thus the response of C. wilmsii plants to rapid dehydration was investigated. The effect of rapid drying on sucrose accumulation was determined and the cellular ultrastructure was investigated during natur ...
... taken for this protection to be instituted is thought to preclude recovery after rapid drying. Thus the response of C. wilmsii plants to rapid dehydration was investigated. The effect of rapid drying on sucrose accumulation was determined and the cellular ultrastructure was investigated during natur ...
Lab Part 1: Culturing and Isolating Bacteria
... c. convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. d. convert ammonia in the soil into nitrogen gas. Cell organelles that Escherichia coli and other bacteria have in common with eukaryotes are a. chloroplasts. c. nuclei. b. mitochondria. d. ribosomes. Bacterial cells such as Escherichia coli transfer pie ...
... c. convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. d. convert ammonia in the soil into nitrogen gas. Cell organelles that Escherichia coli and other bacteria have in common with eukaryotes are a. chloroplasts. c. nuclei. b. mitochondria. d. ribosomes. Bacterial cells such as Escherichia coli transfer pie ...
Cell behaviour and cleft palate in the mutant mouse
... the same number of cells per unit volume as in normal palatal shelves, but because of increased cell adhesion these cells tend to clump together; they are not so well dispersed as in the normal palate. Our measurements of the somite sclerotome in the mutant produced the same result (Flint & Ede, 197 ...
... the same number of cells per unit volume as in normal palatal shelves, but because of increased cell adhesion these cells tend to clump together; they are not so well dispersed as in the normal palate. Our measurements of the somite sclerotome in the mutant produced the same result (Flint & Ede, 197 ...
AP Study Guide
... There are more than three energy levels, but biologists are concerned with 18 total electrons. Atoms are most stable when their outer energy level is filled with electrons. Of the three atomic particles, only the electrons are directly involved in the chemical reactions between atoms. Not every elec ...
... There are more than three energy levels, but biologists are concerned with 18 total electrons. Atoms are most stable when their outer energy level is filled with electrons. Of the three atomic particles, only the electrons are directly involved in the chemical reactions between atoms. Not every elec ...
Biophys-85_R1
... ATP is released from cells upon cellular injury as a “find-me signal” as well as from pathogens in diseased conditions [57]. Moreover, ATP is released from normal cells as a physiological phenomenon [8,58,59]. For example, ATP released from vascular endothelial cells in response to shear stress by f ...
... ATP is released from cells upon cellular injury as a “find-me signal” as well as from pathogens in diseased conditions [57]. Moreover, ATP is released from normal cells as a physiological phenomenon [8,58,59]. For example, ATP released from vascular endothelial cells in response to shear stress by f ...
UNIT I - Net Start Class
... There are more than three energy levels, but biologists are concerned with 18 total electrons. Atoms are most stable when their outer energy level is filled with electrons. Of the three atomic particles, only the electrons are directly involved in the chemical reactions between atoms. Not every elec ...
... There are more than three energy levels, but biologists are concerned with 18 total electrons. Atoms are most stable when their outer energy level is filled with electrons. Of the three atomic particles, only the electrons are directly involved in the chemical reactions between atoms. Not every elec ...
Honors Biology Differentiation
... Something to think about as your open up your notes Humans have approx. 50-75 trillion cells and these cells are all different types (hair, skin, liver, stomach cells, etc.). ...
... Something to think about as your open up your notes Humans have approx. 50-75 trillion cells and these cells are all different types (hair, skin, liver, stomach cells, etc.). ...
Effects of intestinal adaptation on insulin binding to villus cell
... Insulin affects the expression of brush border enzymes by villus cells in vitro and in vivo. Physiological (lactation) and surgical (jejunoileal bypass) models of hyper- and hypoplasia were established so that insulin receptor characteristics could be related to villus histology, expression of sucra ...
... Insulin affects the expression of brush border enzymes by villus cells in vitro and in vivo. Physiological (lactation) and surgical (jejunoileal bypass) models of hyper- and hypoplasia were established so that insulin receptor characteristics could be related to villus histology, expression of sucra ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.