Bone physiology
... Fig. 1-81 illustrates an osteon with osteocytes (OC) residing in osteocyte lacunae in the lamellar bone. The osteocytes connect via canaliculi (can) which contain cytoplasmatic projections of the osteocytes. A Haversian canal (HC) is seen in the middle of the osteon. Fig. 1-82 illustrates an area ...
... Fig. 1-81 illustrates an osteon with osteocytes (OC) residing in osteocyte lacunae in the lamellar bone. The osteocytes connect via canaliculi (can) which contain cytoplasmatic projections of the osteocytes. A Haversian canal (HC) is seen in the middle of the osteon. Fig. 1-82 illustrates an area ...
A Role for the Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System in Estrogen
... Materials and Methods Animal treatments. Animal procedures were approved by the Northwestern University Animal Care and Use Committee. Adult female Sprague Dawley rats (180 –220 gm) were housed on a 12 hr light/dark cycle with ad libitum access to food and water. All rats were bilaterally ovariectom ...
... Materials and Methods Animal treatments. Animal procedures were approved by the Northwestern University Animal Care and Use Committee. Adult female Sprague Dawley rats (180 –220 gm) were housed on a 12 hr light/dark cycle with ad libitum access to food and water. All rats were bilaterally ovariectom ...
Keratin Alterations during Embryonic Epidermal Differentiation: A
... could clearly demonstrate that the basal cells themselves, represented by 18-d embryos, contained keratin proteins in the molecular weight range of 40-59 Walton. Only the highest molecular weight keratins (61, 64, and 65 kdalton) were absent from the undifferentiated epithelium of 18-d embryos . At ...
... could clearly demonstrate that the basal cells themselves, represented by 18-d embryos, contained keratin proteins in the molecular weight range of 40-59 Walton. Only the highest molecular weight keratins (61, 64, and 65 kdalton) were absent from the undifferentiated epithelium of 18-d embryos . At ...
Intravenously-Delivered Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Systemic Anti
... This “inflammatory” concept of disease progression has led us to explore the potential of a particular strategy that has the capacity not only to modulate inflammatory responses, but also to favorably alter other mechanisms believed to contribute to progressive LV dysfunction. That strategy is the s ...
... This “inflammatory” concept of disease progression has led us to explore the potential of a particular strategy that has the capacity not only to modulate inflammatory responses, but also to favorably alter other mechanisms believed to contribute to progressive LV dysfunction. That strategy is the s ...
Molecular Microbioiogy
... mutants were found to be devoid of adhesin activity. Attachment ability of chvB mutants could be restored by addition of active wild-type rhicadhesin. Presumably chvB mutants produce an inactive form of rhicadhesin. It was concluded that lack of active rhicadhesin is directly responsible for the att ...
... mutants were found to be devoid of adhesin activity. Attachment ability of chvB mutants could be restored by addition of active wild-type rhicadhesin. Presumably chvB mutants produce an inactive form of rhicadhesin. It was concluded that lack of active rhicadhesin is directly responsible for the att ...
Apical ectodermal ridge morphogenesis in limb development is
... Expression in the AER persisted up to stage 30 in the chick (Fig. 1Q-T) or to E13.5 in mouse (Fig. 1H-M). To confirm that Arid3b expression is associated with AER development, we induced ectopic AERs by overexpression of a constitutively active form of -catenin. These indeed showed Arid3b expressio ...
... Expression in the AER persisted up to stage 30 in the chick (Fig. 1Q-T) or to E13.5 in mouse (Fig. 1H-M). To confirm that Arid3b expression is associated with AER development, we induced ectopic AERs by overexpression of a constitutively active form of -catenin. These indeed showed Arid3b expressio ...
Jasmonate Controls Leaf Growth by Repressing
... Figure 2. MeJA alters the evolution of the leaf area by affecting cell size and cell number differentially and in a COI1-dependent manner. Kinematic analysis of leaf growth of Col gl1, coi1-16B, and aos throughout their development is shown. Plants were grown in vitro in the absence (2) or presence ...
... Figure 2. MeJA alters the evolution of the leaf area by affecting cell size and cell number differentially and in a COI1-dependent manner. Kinematic analysis of leaf growth of Col gl1, coi1-16B, and aos throughout their development is shown. Plants were grown in vitro in the absence (2) or presence ...
Dynamics of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and its requirement for
... followed over a longer time period (time-lapse for 10 minutes), all the puncta observed to appear on the surface disappeared within 6 minutes, with an average duration on the surface of 56.364.2 seconds (mean 6 s.e.m.; n5111) (Fig. 2G). Some puncta were lost owing to the movement of cells during the ...
... followed over a longer time period (time-lapse for 10 minutes), all the puncta observed to appear on the surface disappeared within 6 minutes, with an average duration on the surface of 56.364.2 seconds (mean 6 s.e.m.; n5111) (Fig. 2G). Some puncta were lost owing to the movement of cells during the ...
Systematic comparison of single-chain Fv antibody
... Single-chain fragment variable antibody fragments (scFv) are recombinant molecules which can be derived from phage display libraries [11] or alternatively from hybridomas secreting whole murine antibodies by RT-PCR amplification of the variable antibody domain sequences. Although of murine origin, t ...
... Single-chain fragment variable antibody fragments (scFv) are recombinant molecules which can be derived from phage display libraries [11] or alternatively from hybridomas secreting whole murine antibodies by RT-PCR amplification of the variable antibody domain sequences. Although of murine origin, t ...
Imaging Cell Wall Architecture in Single Zinnia
... directly probe for polysaccharide and aromatic molecules in native as well as treated plant material (Carpita et al., 2001; McCann et al., 2001). FTIR spectromicroscopy is not only able to identify chemical components in a specific system but also can determine their distribution and relative abunda ...
... directly probe for polysaccharide and aromatic molecules in native as well as treated plant material (Carpita et al., 2001; McCann et al., 2001). FTIR spectromicroscopy is not only able to identify chemical components in a specific system but also can determine their distribution and relative abunda ...
Hormonally Regulated Programmed Cell Death in
... of which is apoptosis (Kerr and Harmon, 1991). Apoptotic cell death in animals is characterized by well-defined changes in cell structure. These changes culminate in the fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies (Ellis et al., 1991). Blebbing of the plasma membrane, lobing of the nucleus, and ...
... of which is apoptosis (Kerr and Harmon, 1991). Apoptotic cell death in animals is characterized by well-defined changes in cell structure. These changes culminate in the fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies (Ellis et al., 1991). Blebbing of the plasma membrane, lobing of the nucleus, and ...
An Isotype-specific Activator of Major Histocompatibility Complex
... and Y boxes, have been shown by mutational analysis in transient transfection experiments to be critical for the constitutive and inducible expression of the class II genes (2, 5). A number of proteins that either bind directly to these cis elements or are necessary for their activity have been iden ...
... and Y boxes, have been shown by mutational analysis in transient transfection experiments to be critical for the constitutive and inducible expression of the class II genes (2, 5). A number of proteins that either bind directly to these cis elements or are necessary for their activity have been iden ...
Unit 1 Exam
... 34. The number of times that an objective lens can magnify an object is referred to as the____________________. 35. The movement of ink within a glass of water when the water has been left undisturbed (not shaken or stirred) could be the result ____________________. 36. Because the cell membrane all ...
... 34. The number of times that an objective lens can magnify an object is referred to as the____________________. 35. The movement of ink within a glass of water when the water has been left undisturbed (not shaken or stirred) could be the result ____________________. 36. Because the cell membrane all ...
Humoral Immune Responses to Epstein-Barr virus encoded Tumor Associated Proteins and
... of RAJI cell lines by anti-LMP1 loop-1 and -3 antibodies respectively, and nearly 22% of both cell lines either by anti-LMP2 loop-2 or -5 antibodies. Data generated in this study demonstrate that EBV-encoded tumorassociated antigens are at best marginally immunogenic for humoral immune responses in ...
... of RAJI cell lines by anti-LMP1 loop-1 and -3 antibodies respectively, and nearly 22% of both cell lines either by anti-LMP2 loop-2 or -5 antibodies. Data generated in this study demonstrate that EBV-encoded tumorassociated antigens are at best marginally immunogenic for humoral immune responses in ...
Inhibition of Target of Rapamycin Signaling and
... vacuole membrane, and the remaining vesicle, known as the autophagic body, is finally released to the vacuole for its degradation (Xie and Klionsky, 2007). The evolutionary conservation of autophagy among eukaryotes indicates that structural and regulatory components of this cellular process must be ...
... vacuole membrane, and the remaining vesicle, known as the autophagic body, is finally released to the vacuole for its degradation (Xie and Klionsky, 2007). The evolutionary conservation of autophagy among eukaryotes indicates that structural and regulatory components of this cellular process must be ...
Monoclonal antibody 7G3 recognizes the N
... cells.'-6 Recently, IL-3 has also been shown to regulate vascular endothelial cell functions, enhancing adhesion molecule expression, neutrophil transmigration, and cytokine prod~ction.~,' Although some of the effects of IL-3 may be desirable and have prompted its clinical use in bone marrow reconst ...
... cells.'-6 Recently, IL-3 has also been shown to regulate vascular endothelial cell functions, enhancing adhesion molecule expression, neutrophil transmigration, and cytokine prod~ction.~,' Although some of the effects of IL-3 may be desirable and have prompted its clinical use in bone marrow reconst ...
AP Bio Ch 4 Study Guide
... a. trans b. smooth c. cis d. rough e. medial ____ 44. A secondary lysosome is a lysosome that a. provides a backup to the primary lysosomes. b. is smaller than a primary lysosome. c. will become a primary lysosome when it fuses with a phagosome. d. is a primary lysosome that has fused with a phagoso ...
... a. trans b. smooth c. cis d. rough e. medial ____ 44. A secondary lysosome is a lysosome that a. provides a backup to the primary lysosomes. b. is smaller than a primary lysosome. c. will become a primary lysosome when it fuses with a phagosome. d. is a primary lysosome that has fused with a phagoso ...
Drug resistance patterns and susceptibility to
... saline (PBS; 0.02 M, pH 7.2) with intermittent suspension in PBS and centrifugation. The cells were finally suspended in PBS to an absorbance of 1.0 or 1.5 at 540 nm. ...
... saline (PBS; 0.02 M, pH 7.2) with intermittent suspension in PBS and centrifugation. The cells were finally suspended in PBS to an absorbance of 1.0 or 1.5 at 540 nm. ...
- Wiley Online Library
... rather than promotes fast endocytosis in neurons in spite of enhanced elevation in [Ca2þ]i (2), arguing against a simple stimulatory role of [Ca2þ]i in endocytosis. Moreover, it is not known whether or how different types of endocytosis are differentially modulated by the same increase in [Ca2þ]i. T ...
... rather than promotes fast endocytosis in neurons in spite of enhanced elevation in [Ca2þ]i (2), arguing against a simple stimulatory role of [Ca2þ]i in endocytosis. Moreover, it is not known whether or how different types of endocytosis are differentially modulated by the same increase in [Ca2þ]i. T ...
Assembly of Trunk and Limb Blood Vessels Involves Extensive
... visualize host vascular cells, which prevented clear determination of the source of the cells that made up individual vessels. It seemed feasible to address questions of angioblast migration and assembly using mammalian tissue as a source of precursor cells, since mouse cells can be genetically mark ...
... visualize host vascular cells, which prevented clear determination of the source of the cells that made up individual vessels. It seemed feasible to address questions of angioblast migration and assembly using mammalian tissue as a source of precursor cells, since mouse cells can be genetically mark ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.