1 Calcium at the Cell Wall
... due to movement of Ca2+ directly into the cytoplasm, while other supporting wall binding. Kwack (1967), applying autoradiography to pollen tubes that had been administered with 45Ca2+, showed extensive labeling of the tube apex, which he interpreted as Ca2+ binding by the acidic pectic residues. A s ...
... due to movement of Ca2+ directly into the cytoplasm, while other supporting wall binding. Kwack (1967), applying autoradiography to pollen tubes that had been administered with 45Ca2+, showed extensive labeling of the tube apex, which he interpreted as Ca2+ binding by the acidic pectic residues. A s ...
Probing for Binding Regions of the FtsZ Protein Surface through Site
... showed insertion or deletion of 1 or more aa. The precise locations of the inserts were refined to aa that were exposed within a loop on the surface in the crystal structure of Pseudomonas FtsZ (Protein Data Bank [PDB] entry 2VAW) (27). The sites tested were in loops on the front, back, and lateral s ...
... showed insertion or deletion of 1 or more aa. The precise locations of the inserts were refined to aa that were exposed within a loop on the surface in the crystal structure of Pseudomonas FtsZ (Protein Data Bank [PDB] entry 2VAW) (27). The sites tested were in loops on the front, back, and lateral s ...
the physiology of mechanoelectrical transduction channels in hearing
... fascin-2 (the two most abundant; Ref. 226) and espin (277), and extend from its very top to the narrowed ankle region; only a fraction of the filaments traverses the ankles into the cell body (68, 249), rendering the ankles the site of least stiffness. Here, the actin filaments are packed more dense ...
... fascin-2 (the two most abundant; Ref. 226) and espin (277), and extend from its very top to the narrowed ankle region; only a fraction of the filaments traverses the ankles into the cell body (68, 249), rendering the ankles the site of least stiffness. Here, the actin filaments are packed more dense ...
Adhesion and Adhesives of Fungi and Oomycetes
... has been well documented (Mendgen et al. 1996; Epstein and Nicholson 1997, 2006; Hardham 2001; Osherov and May 2001; Tucker and Talbot 2001). Observational studies with microscopy indicate that many fungi adhere tenaciously onto inert surfaces such as polystyrene in addition to host substrata. Adhes ...
... has been well documented (Mendgen et al. 1996; Epstein and Nicholson 1997, 2006; Hardham 2001; Osherov and May 2001; Tucker and Talbot 2001). Observational studies with microscopy indicate that many fungi adhere tenaciously onto inert surfaces such as polystyrene in addition to host substrata. Adhes ...
Synthetic Physical Interactions Map Kinetochore
... especially effective for SAC activation. To systematically identify such associations we made use of SPI technology to create binary links between Mad2 and most other members of the proteome (Ólafsson and Thorpe 2015). In brief, ectopically expressed MAD2 is linked to the sequence encoding a GFP-bin ...
... especially effective for SAC activation. To systematically identify such associations we made use of SPI technology to create binary links between Mad2 and most other members of the proteome (Ólafsson and Thorpe 2015). In brief, ectopically expressed MAD2 is linked to the sequence encoding a GFP-bin ...
BMP4 regulation of sensory organ development in the chick inner ear
... All living organisms have developed highly specialized structures that are receptive to mechanical forces originating either from the surrounding environment or from within the organism itself. Among the most elaborate and greatly efficient of such structures are the mechanotransducers responsible f ...
... All living organisms have developed highly specialized structures that are receptive to mechanical forces originating either from the surrounding environment or from within the organism itself. Among the most elaborate and greatly efficient of such structures are the mechanotransducers responsible f ...
Phloem loading and unloading of sugars and amino acids
... loading and export of assimilates (Turgeon 1989). A number of structural features of minor veins are considered to facilitate phloem loading. These include: (i) their proximity to all mesophyll cells (2–3 cell diameters – Wylie 1939); (ii) collection lengths per unit leaf area that are an order of m ...
... loading and export of assimilates (Turgeon 1989). A number of structural features of minor veins are considered to facilitate phloem loading. These include: (i) their proximity to all mesophyll cells (2–3 cell diameters – Wylie 1939); (ii) collection lengths per unit leaf area that are an order of m ...
Grape berry vacuole: a complex and heterogeneous membrane
... identification mechanism of each compartment is needed. The tonoplast-intrinsic proteins (TIPs) ...
... identification mechanism of each compartment is needed. The tonoplast-intrinsic proteins (TIPs) ...
Generation of the podocyte and tubular components
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
Cornell University, 1989 M.S. Environmental Engineering Stanford University, 1990
... Over my final year, I have benefited tremendously from involvements with two other scientists. Dave Karl opened his lab to me for what proved to be an extended stay, resulting in a longer-term collaboration. Through this work, I have been able to get a small taste of what it is like to do it first w ...
... Over my final year, I have benefited tremendously from involvements with two other scientists. Dave Karl opened his lab to me for what proved to be an extended stay, resulting in a longer-term collaboration. Through this work, I have been able to get a small taste of what it is like to do it first w ...
Innate antiviral defense of zebrafish : from signalling to specialized
... Firstly, I studied a transcription factor that was recently described as a novel participant in IFN signalling. Mammalian promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) could be considered as one of the transcription factors that tune ISG profile specificity to a virus, as it participates in th ...
... Firstly, I studied a transcription factor that was recently described as a novel participant in IFN signalling. Mammalian promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) could be considered as one of the transcription factors that tune ISG profile specificity to a virus, as it participates in th ...
Comparative Cell Biology and Evolution of Annexins in Diplomonads
... G. intestinalis genome revealed the presence of 21 alpha-giardin genes that showed clear evidence of repeated duplications and divergence (4, 12). Annexin homologs from Spironucleus, another parasitic diplomonad lineage, were reported to be more similar to other annexins than to alpha-giardins (13). ...
... G. intestinalis genome revealed the presence of 21 alpha-giardin genes that showed clear evidence of repeated duplications and divergence (4, 12). Annexin homologs from Spironucleus, another parasitic diplomonad lineage, were reported to be more similar to other annexins than to alpha-giardins (13). ...
refinement of an in vitro cell model for cytochrome p450 induction
... less drug (,1 mg) and reducing the number of animals used. In addition, confounding factors such as bioavailability, blood, and liver levels of the drug would be avoided. There are no known hepatoma cell lines able to express most of the major forms of adult P450. Induction of P450s have been docume ...
... less drug (,1 mg) and reducing the number of animals used. In addition, confounding factors such as bioavailability, blood, and liver levels of the drug would be avoided. There are no known hepatoma cell lines able to express most of the major forms of adult P450. Induction of P450s have been docume ...
INSULIN RESISTANCE IN H-35 RAT HEPATO~A CELLS IS
... maximal response. The concentration of insulin (measured by radioimmunoassay) remaining in the medium after 24 h of incubation with H-35 cells is 150 ng/ml, which is more than the maximally effective concentration of 20 ng/ml (see Fig. 2, upper curve). At 24 h (Fig. IB) the medium was removed from t ...
... maximal response. The concentration of insulin (measured by radioimmunoassay) remaining in the medium after 24 h of incubation with H-35 cells is 150 ng/ml, which is more than the maximally effective concentration of 20 ng/ml (see Fig. 2, upper curve). At 24 h (Fig. IB) the medium was removed from t ...
Generation of the podocyte and tubular components
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
Lesson Overview
... Fertilization and Early Development What takes place during fertilization and the early stages of human development? The fusion of a sperm and egg cell is called fertilization. Key events in early development include gastrulation, which produces the three cell layers of the embryo, and neurulation, ...
... Fertilization and Early Development What takes place during fertilization and the early stages of human development? The fusion of a sperm and egg cell is called fertilization. Key events in early development include gastrulation, which produces the three cell layers of the embryo, and neurulation, ...
Human Dendritic Cell Subsets In Vivo Colony
... of paramount importance, especially from a clinical perspective. In particular, it is essential to determine whether distinct cytokines might elicit the expansion of functionally different DC subsets in humans, as is seen in mice (3). If indeed they do, this may open up new possibilities for immunom ...
... of paramount importance, especially from a clinical perspective. In particular, it is essential to determine whether distinct cytokines might elicit the expansion of functionally different DC subsets in humans, as is seen in mice (3). If indeed they do, this may open up new possibilities for immunom ...
Functions of mammalian microRNA in innate immunity to microbial
... I would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Harald Saumweber who during my time as a student at Humboldt University Berlin greatly supported my stong interest in genetics. As a diploma student in his lab I entered the exciting world of molecular biology and learned many basic lab skills that I still profit ...
... I would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Harald Saumweber who during my time as a student at Humboldt University Berlin greatly supported my stong interest in genetics. As a diploma student in his lab I entered the exciting world of molecular biology and learned many basic lab skills that I still profit ...
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... processes as diverse as patterning, PCP and organization of the actin cytoskeleton (Copp and Greene, 2010). Mutations in a number of genes that affect F-actin organization cause failure of closure of the cranial neural tube, including Shroom3 mutants, double mutants in the Abl Arg (Abl1 Abl2) genes, ...
... processes as diverse as patterning, PCP and organization of the actin cytoskeleton (Copp and Greene, 2010). Mutations in a number of genes that affect F-actin organization cause failure of closure of the cranial neural tube, including Shroom3 mutants, double mutants in the Abl Arg (Abl1 Abl2) genes, ...
In vitro skin models to study epithelial regeneration from the hair
... freshly excised wound bed, completion of dermal regeneration takes up to 4 weeks, after which, the silicone layer is replaced by a thin split-skin graft to achieve permanent epidermal wound closure [13]. Cultured autologous keratinocytes [14], and cultured skin substitutes [15] have been used as sec ...
... freshly excised wound bed, completion of dermal regeneration takes up to 4 weeks, after which, the silicone layer is replaced by a thin split-skin graft to achieve permanent epidermal wound closure [13]. Cultured autologous keratinocytes [14], and cultured skin substitutes [15] have been used as sec ...
Effects of nitric oxide on red blood cell deformability
... caused by 10⫺3 M L-NAME in a dose-dependent manner, with the maximum effective dose greater for SNP (i.e., 10⫺5 M for SNP vs. 10⫺6 M for DETA-NONOate). Note that even in the presence of 10⫺3 M L-NAME, RBC deformability for cells incubated with 10⫺6 M DETA-NONOate was significantly enhanced compared ...
... caused by 10⫺3 M L-NAME in a dose-dependent manner, with the maximum effective dose greater for SNP (i.e., 10⫺5 M for SNP vs. 10⫺6 M for DETA-NONOate). Note that even in the presence of 10⫺3 M L-NAME, RBC deformability for cells incubated with 10⫺6 M DETA-NONOate was significantly enhanced compared ...
... making comparisons between tissues from the same patient tested in the presence and absence of tryptase, as opposed to between tissues from different patients. It is often suggested that preoperative medication and indication for surgery may be confounding variables when tissue obtained from patient ...
Linker histone H1 in early mouse embryogenesis
... antibody raised against Xenopus somatic H1 specifically recognized mouse somatic H1 on immunoblot (Fig. 1A, antiH1 panel), and by immunostaining (Fig. 1B, anti-H1 panel), it gave an intense nuclear staining in mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells and in mouse blastula cells which is consistent with the ...
... antibody raised against Xenopus somatic H1 specifically recognized mouse somatic H1 on immunoblot (Fig. 1A, antiH1 panel), and by immunostaining (Fig. 1B, anti-H1 panel), it gave an intense nuclear staining in mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells and in mouse blastula cells which is consistent with the ...
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... activation of signaling pathways. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) have long unbranched chains of repetitive disaccharide units that can be sulfated at specific positions by heparan sulfate O-sulfotransferase (OST) families. Here, we show that two members of the 3-OST family are required in dis ...
... activation of signaling pathways. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) have long unbranched chains of repetitive disaccharide units that can be sulfated at specific positions by heparan sulfate O-sulfotransferase (OST) families. Here, we show that two members of the 3-OST family are required in dis ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.