Slow muscle regulates the pattern of trunk neural crest migration in
... For transplantation, wild-type donor embryos were labeled by injection of a mixture of 2.5% rhodamine dextran (lysinated, 3⫻103 Mr; Molecular Probes) and 2.5% fluorescein dextran (lysinated, 3⫻103 Mr; Molecular Probes) in 0.2 M KCl into the yolk cell at the one-cell stage. Adaxial cells were removed ...
... For transplantation, wild-type donor embryos were labeled by injection of a mixture of 2.5% rhodamine dextran (lysinated, 3⫻103 Mr; Molecular Probes) and 2.5% fluorescein dextran (lysinated, 3⫻103 Mr; Molecular Probes) in 0.2 M KCl into the yolk cell at the one-cell stage. Adaxial cells were removed ...
MAPK-mediated Phosphorylation of GATA-1 Promotes Expression and Cell Survival* Bcl-X □
... from nematodes to humans (25). Within the regulatory pyramid of this pathway, E4BP4 acts as one of the initial responses to extracellular stimulation, suppresses the suicidal reaction, and prevents cells from disintegration. We previously demonstrated that GATA-1 is a key regulator of the E4bp4 gene ...
... from nematodes to humans (25). Within the regulatory pyramid of this pathway, E4BP4 acts as one of the initial responses to extracellular stimulation, suppresses the suicidal reaction, and prevents cells from disintegration. We previously demonstrated that GATA-1 is a key regulator of the E4bp4 gene ...
Auxin Polar Transport 1s Essential for the
... whereas the mature embryo is a bilaterally symmetrical structure along the apical-basal axis and has two cotyledons. The attainment of bilateral symmetry from axial symmetry in plant embryogeny occurs at the time of the transition from the globular to the heart-shaped stage (Tykarska, 1979). The mec ...
... whereas the mature embryo is a bilaterally symmetrical structure along the apical-basal axis and has two cotyledons. The attainment of bilateral symmetry from axial symmetry in plant embryogeny occurs at the time of the transition from the globular to the heart-shaped stage (Tykarska, 1979). The mec ...
43 Confocal and Multi-Photon Imaging of Living Embryos
... 1996; Thomas and White, 2000) and zebrafish and other teleosts (Concha and Adams, 1998). In less transparent embryos, including amphibians such as Xenopus (Wilson and Keller, 1991) and avian embryos (Chapman et al., 2001; Czirok et al., 2002), important work has been done to analyze overall changes ...
... 1996; Thomas and White, 2000) and zebrafish and other teleosts (Concha and Adams, 1998). In less transparent embryos, including amphibians such as Xenopus (Wilson and Keller, 1991) and avian embryos (Chapman et al., 2001; Czirok et al., 2002), important work has been done to analyze overall changes ...
The role of the NKG2D receptor for tumor immunity
... Role of NKG2D in cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1. NKG2D-dependent tumor cell graft rejection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Role of NKG2D in cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1. NKG2D-dependent tumor cell graft rejection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Robust methods for purification of histones from cultured
... play a role in modifying chromatin structure for DNA-templated processes in the eukaryotic nucleus, such as transcription, replication, recombination and repair; thus, histone PTMs are considered major players in the epigenetic control of these processes. Linking specific histone PTMs to gene expres ...
... play a role in modifying chromatin structure for DNA-templated processes in the eukaryotic nucleus, such as transcription, replication, recombination and repair; thus, histone PTMs are considered major players in the epigenetic control of these processes. Linking specific histone PTMs to gene expres ...
Linköping University Post Print
... from one sub-cellular compartment to another to gain access to their substrates or interacting partners. Thus, compartmentalization is yet another important regulatory mechanism, preventing accidental triggering of cell death signaling. The most obvious example is the release of apoptogenic factors ...
... from one sub-cellular compartment to another to gain access to their substrates or interacting partners. Thus, compartmentalization is yet another important regulatory mechanism, preventing accidental triggering of cell death signaling. The most obvious example is the release of apoptogenic factors ...
Cytoskeletal Basis of Organelle Trafficking in the
... the alignment and distribution of new AFs in the growth region. This hypothesis will be discussed below. In general, MTs have not been considered to be involved in organelle movement along the pollen tube. Inhibition of AF organization is sufficient to halt the movement of organelles, while treatmen ...
... the alignment and distribution of new AFs in the growth region. This hypothesis will be discussed below. In general, MTs have not been considered to be involved in organelle movement along the pollen tube. Inhibition of AF organization is sufficient to halt the movement of organelles, while treatmen ...
Drosophila embryos close epithelial wounds using a combination of
... based mechanism, while less adherent cells may drag themselves forward over the wound matrix. In addition, large wounds in tissue culture wound assays tend to heal by lamellipodia extension and cell migration (Bement et al., 1993), whereas smaller wounds heal by purse string contraction of an actomy ...
... based mechanism, while less adherent cells may drag themselves forward over the wound matrix. In addition, large wounds in tissue culture wound assays tend to heal by lamellipodia extension and cell migration (Bement et al., 1993), whereas smaller wounds heal by purse string contraction of an actomy ...
Cryptic O2 –-generating NADPH oxidase in
... with 10 µg/ml leupeptin and 1 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate. The cell suspension at a concentration of 108 cells/ml was placed on ice, and the cells were disrupted by sonication four times for 30 seconds at 10 W output. After a 5 minute centrifugation at 10,000 g, the supernatant fraction was withdr ...
... with 10 µg/ml leupeptin and 1 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate. The cell suspension at a concentration of 108 cells/ml was placed on ice, and the cells were disrupted by sonication four times for 30 seconds at 10 W output. After a 5 minute centrifugation at 10,000 g, the supernatant fraction was withdr ...
Cell fate specification and polarisation in mouse preimplantation
... Fgfr/Erk signalling is known to be required for specification of the primitive endoderm, but its role in polarisation of this tissue is less well understood. To investigate the function of this pathway in the primitive endoderm, embryoid bodies were cultured in the presence of a small molecule inhib ...
... Fgfr/Erk signalling is known to be required for specification of the primitive endoderm, but its role in polarisation of this tissue is less well understood. To investigate the function of this pathway in the primitive endoderm, embryoid bodies were cultured in the presence of a small molecule inhib ...
Diapositive 1
... observed by PARP (left panel)/caspase-8 (right panel) cleavage (Western-blot). ) Hsp90 was used as a loading control. (C) Caspase assay using recombinant caspase-3 (Rec.Casp3) was performed on prephosphorylated human GFP-Par-4 (in vitro kinase assay using recombinant CK2 (Rec.CK2) in the presence of ...
... observed by PARP (left panel)/caspase-8 (right panel) cleavage (Western-blot). ) Hsp90 was used as a loading control. (C) Caspase assay using recombinant caspase-3 (Rec.Casp3) was performed on prephosphorylated human GFP-Par-4 (in vitro kinase assay using recombinant CK2 (Rec.CK2) in the presence of ...
Actin and Myosin Function in Directed Vacuole Movement during
... ited by the daughter cell and segregation structures are not observed (Fig. 1 b). The actin gene in this mutant encodes a truncated actin molecule that lacks the three NH2-terminal amino acids, and, aside from a slightly decreased ability to support invertase secretion, no phenotype had previously b ...
... ited by the daughter cell and segregation structures are not observed (Fig. 1 b). The actin gene in this mutant encodes a truncated actin molecule that lacks the three NH2-terminal amino acids, and, aside from a slightly decreased ability to support invertase secretion, no phenotype had previously b ...
Cytokinin–auxin crosstalk
... Figure 2. Cytokinin and auxin crosstalk during root meristem size determination. Longitudinal view of the Arabidopsis root meristem, where the stem cell niche (STN) [48], the proximal meristem (PM), the elongation differentiation zone (EDZ) and the transition zone (TZ) can be identified [4]. The TZ ...
... Figure 2. Cytokinin and auxin crosstalk during root meristem size determination. Longitudinal view of the Arabidopsis root meristem, where the stem cell niche (STN) [48], the proximal meristem (PM), the elongation differentiation zone (EDZ) and the transition zone (TZ) can be identified [4]. The TZ ...
Left–right asymmetry: cilia stir up new surprises in the node
... Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They play critical roles in cellular motility, fluid transport and a variety of signal transduction pathways. While we have a good appreciation of the mechanisms of ciliary biogenesis and the det ...
... Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They play critical roles in cellular motility, fluid transport and a variety of signal transduction pathways. While we have a good appreciation of the mechanisms of ciliary biogenesis and the det ...
... Selectins are involved in the initial event in neutrophil recruitment by mediating neutrophil rolling along endothelial vessel walls [5–7]. The selectin family of cell adhesion molecules consists so far of three members: Lselectin (lectin adhesion molecule-1 (LECAM-1), Leu 8), P-selectin (CD62), and ...
Functional Architecture in Lateral Line Afferent Neurons.
... Abstract Fishes rely on the neuromasts of their lateral line system to detect water flow during behaviors such as predator avoidance and prey localization. While the pattern of neuromast development has been a topic of detailed research, we still do not understand the functional consequences of its ...
... Abstract Fishes rely on the neuromasts of their lateral line system to detect water flow during behaviors such as predator avoidance and prey localization. While the pattern of neuromast development has been a topic of detailed research, we still do not understand the functional consequences of its ...
Involvement of CD14 and Complement Receptors CR3 and CR4 in
... or CR4 cDNA into CHO cells confers upon them the ability to respond to LPS, as evidenced by NF-kB translocation (30, 31). Furthermore, stimulation of neutrophils with LPS in the presence of serum or LBP leads to association between CR3 and CD14, with subsequent dissociation of CD14-CR3 complexes as ...
... or CR4 cDNA into CHO cells confers upon them the ability to respond to LPS, as evidenced by NF-kB translocation (30, 31). Furthermore, stimulation of neutrophils with LPS in the presence of serum or LBP leads to association between CR3 and CD14, with subsequent dissociation of CD14-CR3 complexes as ...
Calcium homeostasis in plants
... four orders of magnitude lower. Despite the abundance of Ca in plant tissues and the small amounts required for most cellular processes, the supply of Ca to the plant must be uninterrupted. Removal of Ca from the nutrient supply results in rapid death of cells in the apical meristem and a cessation ...
... four orders of magnitude lower. Despite the abundance of Ca in plant tissues and the small amounts required for most cellular processes, the supply of Ca to the plant must be uninterrupted. Removal of Ca from the nutrient supply results in rapid death of cells in the apical meristem and a cessation ...
Vocab smack-down
... • Sit down quickly and quietly if you would like to play Vocab Smack-Down • Get out your VOCAB HW (Flashcards or written definitions and pictures on paper) • STUDY for a few minutes SILENTLY ...
... • Sit down quickly and quietly if you would like to play Vocab Smack-Down • Get out your VOCAB HW (Flashcards or written definitions and pictures on paper) • STUDY for a few minutes SILENTLY ...
Chapter One: Characteristics Of Living Organisms
... found out that the smallest unit of a matter is called an atom. An elements is extremely pure because it is made up of only one type of atoms. For example a pure gold ring has only the element Gold (Au) in it. Compounds are very pure too, a compound is made up of one type of a particle called molecu ...
... found out that the smallest unit of a matter is called an atom. An elements is extremely pure because it is made up of only one type of atoms. For example a pure gold ring has only the element Gold (Au) in it. Compounds are very pure too, a compound is made up of one type of a particle called molecu ...
Approach to the interpretation of endometrial biopsies and curettings
... many pathologists use three categories of endometrial hyperplasia—simple, complex and atypical. Morphological features of endometrial hyperplasia In a simple hyperplasia the normal gland to stroma ratio is maintained or there is slight increase. The endometrium shows proliferative activity, with cys ...
... many pathologists use three categories of endometrial hyperplasia—simple, complex and atypical. Morphological features of endometrial hyperplasia In a simple hyperplasia the normal gland to stroma ratio is maintained or there is slight increase. The endometrium shows proliferative activity, with cys ...
The RNase P Associated with HeLa Cell Mitochondria Contains an
... of this RNA was found to be identical in sequence to the H1 RNA of nuRNase P. The proportions of the cellular H1 RNA recovered in the mitochondrial fractions from HeLa cells purified by different treatments were quantified by Northern blots, corrected on the basis of the yield in the same fractions ...
... of this RNA was found to be identical in sequence to the H1 RNA of nuRNase P. The proportions of the cellular H1 RNA recovered in the mitochondrial fractions from HeLa cells purified by different treatments were quantified by Northern blots, corrected on the basis of the yield in the same fractions ...
1 - Utrecht University Repository
... Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors, which integrate the interior of the cell with the cell environment. Integrins mediate cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and to other cells. Integrins are connected to the cytoskeleton, and regulate several signal transduction pa ...
... Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors, which integrate the interior of the cell with the cell environment. Integrins mediate cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and to other cells. Integrins are connected to the cytoskeleton, and regulate several signal transduction pa ...
Enzymatic inactivation of endogenous IgG by IdeS enhances
... functionally respond to complexed IgG (CD16, CD32a and CD32b) (12). Their main functions to remove target structures by ADCC and ADCP are also well established in vitro and there is also accumulating evidence for their importance for clinical response to therapeutic antibodies (1315). One strategy t ...
... functionally respond to complexed IgG (CD16, CD32a and CD32b) (12). Their main functions to remove target structures by ADCC and ADCP are also well established in vitro and there is also accumulating evidence for their importance for clinical response to therapeutic antibodies (1315). One strategy t ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.