Catecholamines Stimulate Testicular Steroidogenesis In Vitro in the
... We have examined direct effects of catecholamines on testicular testosterone production in a seasonally breeding species, the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus. Testicular parenchyma from gonadally active long photoperiod (LD)-exposed and gonadally regressed short photoperiod (SD)-exposed animals ...
... We have examined direct effects of catecholamines on testicular testosterone production in a seasonally breeding species, the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus. Testicular parenchyma from gonadally active long photoperiod (LD)-exposed and gonadally regressed short photoperiod (SD)-exposed animals ...
Bacterial metapopulations in nanofabricated
... experimentally explore Wright’s adaptive landscape. There have been microchemostat systems created recently (13, 14), but the technology discussed here differs in a fundamental way. Microfabricated chemostats described so far (just as the macroscopic ones) do not allow for the emergence of a metapop ...
... experimentally explore Wright’s adaptive landscape. There have been microchemostat systems created recently (13, 14), but the technology discussed here differs in a fundamental way. Microfabricated chemostats described so far (just as the macroscopic ones) do not allow for the emergence of a metapop ...
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: GENETIC REGULATION OF AUTOPHAGIC CELL... Sudeshna Dutta, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008
... programmed cell death was validated when it was shown that genes are required for this process, and that they can be placed into an order of action based on genetic epistasis analyses (Ellis and Horvitz, 1986). Morphological studies of dying cells in developing vertebrate embryos resulted in the cla ...
... programmed cell death was validated when it was shown that genes are required for this process, and that they can be placed into an order of action based on genetic epistasis analyses (Ellis and Horvitz, 1986). Morphological studies of dying cells in developing vertebrate embryos resulted in the cla ...
Naive CD8 T cells differentiate into protective memory
... naive OT-I cells underwent three to four divisions in lethally irradiated WT hosts after rat IgG treatment, because of lymphopenia-induced HP. Proliferation was delayed in MHC class Ia–deficient hosts, confirming that HP of naive CD8 T cells is MHC class I–dependent (22–24). In contrast, IL-2 signa ...
... naive OT-I cells underwent three to four divisions in lethally irradiated WT hosts after rat IgG treatment, because of lymphopenia-induced HP. Proliferation was delayed in MHC class Ia–deficient hosts, confirming that HP of naive CD8 T cells is MHC class I–dependent (22–24). In contrast, IL-2 signa ...
The Role of PME-1 in Cancer: Therapeutic Implications
... maintain a state of homeostasis necessary for normal cell function (Brautigan, 2013; Shi, 2009). However, in cancerous cells this homeostasis is disrupted by various molecular changes leading to an increased flux through the pro-survival signaling pathways, which promote malignant growth (Hanahan & ...
... maintain a state of homeostasis necessary for normal cell function (Brautigan, 2013; Shi, 2009). However, in cancerous cells this homeostasis is disrupted by various molecular changes leading to an increased flux through the pro-survival signaling pathways, which promote malignant growth (Hanahan & ...
- studijní a informační středisko vfu brno
... developing ovary. That turns the primordial germ cells into oogonia and pre-follicular cells into squamous follicular cells. Subsequently, oogonia continue to proliferate leaving interconnected to each other by cytoplasmic bridges. When oogonia have completed their cycles of mitosis (period of multi ...
... developing ovary. That turns the primordial germ cells into oogonia and pre-follicular cells into squamous follicular cells. Subsequently, oogonia continue to proliferate leaving interconnected to each other by cytoplasmic bridges. When oogonia have completed their cycles of mitosis (period of multi ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... ceftriaxone. Antibiotic-loaded nanocapsules were analysed in vitro for their ability to enter epithelial and macrophage cells to kill Salmonella. In vivo pharmacokinetics and organ distribution studies were performed to check the efficiency of the delivery system. The in vivo antibacterial activity ...
... ceftriaxone. Antibiotic-loaded nanocapsules were analysed in vitro for their ability to enter epithelial and macrophage cells to kill Salmonella. In vivo pharmacokinetics and organ distribution studies were performed to check the efficiency of the delivery system. The in vivo antibacterial activity ...
Multiple Wnts and Frizzled Receptors Regulate Anteriorly Directed
... pathway as well as those independent of b-catenin activation. The latter include pathways that determine planar cell polarity in Drosophila or that control vertebrate gastrulation movements (Veeman et al., 2003). One emerging concept in the axon guidance field is that morphogens that regulate early ...
... pathway as well as those independent of b-catenin activation. The latter include pathways that determine planar cell polarity in Drosophila or that control vertebrate gastrulation movements (Veeman et al., 2003). One emerging concept in the axon guidance field is that morphogens that regulate early ...
12 October 2000
... in humans; about two-thirds of these have been suggested to function in apoptosis7, 8. All known caspases possess an active-site cysteine, and cleave substrates at Asp-Xxx bonds (that is, after aspartic acid residues); a caspase's distinct substrate specificity is determined by the four residues ami ...
... in humans; about two-thirds of these have been suggested to function in apoptosis7, 8. All known caspases possess an active-site cysteine, and cleave substrates at Asp-Xxx bonds (that is, after aspartic acid residues); a caspase's distinct substrate specificity is determined by the four residues ami ...
Assigned Reading
... the enormous biological complexities inherent in the development, growth, and functioning of intact organisms. The biological roles of carbohydrates are particularly important in the assembly of complex multicellular organs and organisms, which requires interactions between cells and the surrounding ...
... the enormous biological complexities inherent in the development, growth, and functioning of intact organisms. The biological roles of carbohydrates are particularly important in the assembly of complex multicellular organs and organisms, which requires interactions between cells and the surrounding ...
Calcium-induced calcium release supports recruitment of synaptic
... mM) resulted in a net decrease in EPSC frequency that could be recovered upon washout (Fig. 2A). Change in frequency for nine fibers is presented in Fig. 2C. Of these, five are whole cell recordings and four are cell-attached recordings where spike rate could be monitored. In all cases the frequency ...
... mM) resulted in a net decrease in EPSC frequency that could be recovered upon washout (Fig. 2A). Change in frequency for nine fibers is presented in Fig. 2C. Of these, five are whole cell recordings and four are cell-attached recordings where spike rate could be monitored. In all cases the frequency ...
Development and Characterization of New Species Cross
... with different cells of the granulocytic lineage in a sialic acid-dependent manner, like bone marrow cells, neutrophils, and blood leukocytes [4,10,11]. Besides cells of the granulocytic lineage, Sn is able to bind with red blood cells (RBC) in a sialic acid-dependent manner, resulting in the format ...
... with different cells of the granulocytic lineage in a sialic acid-dependent manner, like bone marrow cells, neutrophils, and blood leukocytes [4,10,11]. Besides cells of the granulocytic lineage, Sn is able to bind with red blood cells (RBC) in a sialic acid-dependent manner, resulting in the format ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... Ruiz-Herrera, 1977, 1978). We found that glucan synthase was specific for UDPglucose, did not require a divalent metal, was inhibited by UDP and was extremely unstable. These results were confirmed by Shematek et al. (1980). In the present communication we describe experiments which led to the prese ...
... Ruiz-Herrera, 1977, 1978). We found that glucan synthase was specific for UDPglucose, did not require a divalent metal, was inhibited by UDP and was extremely unstable. These results were confirmed by Shematek et al. (1980). In the present communication we describe experiments which led to the prese ...
CXCR4 and CXCR7 Have Distinct Functions in Regulating
... heterodimers with CXCR4. In this context, CXCR7 dampened CXCR4 signaling. More recently, transient transfection studies have provided evidence that CXCR7 is a signaling receptor. Unlike traditional seven-transmembrane receptors, which signal through both G proteins and b-arrestin, CXCR7 may only sig ...
... heterodimers with CXCR4. In this context, CXCR7 dampened CXCR4 signaling. More recently, transient transfection studies have provided evidence that CXCR7 is a signaling receptor. Unlike traditional seven-transmembrane receptors, which signal through both G proteins and b-arrestin, CXCR7 may only sig ...
Saliva of the Lyme Disease Vector, Lxodes dammini, Blocks
... prevent hemostasis and inflammation such that blood flow is enhanced (2-4). Second, because of the long period of time the tick remains attached to the host, certain hosts (especially unnatural ones [5]) are successful in mounting a nonspecific (neutrophils surrounding the mouthparts of the feeding ...
... prevent hemostasis and inflammation such that blood flow is enhanced (2-4). Second, because of the long period of time the tick remains attached to the host, certain hosts (especially unnatural ones [5]) are successful in mounting a nonspecific (neutrophils surrounding the mouthparts of the feeding ...
The PDZ-GEF Dizzy regulates cell shape of migrating macrophages
... complementary fashion, macrophages overexpressing Dizzy are vastly extended and form very long protrusions. These cell shape changes depend on the function of the small GTPase Rap1: in rap1 mutants, Dizzy is unable to induce the large protrusions. Furthermore, forced expression of a dominant-active ...
... complementary fashion, macrophages overexpressing Dizzy are vastly extended and form very long protrusions. These cell shape changes depend on the function of the small GTPase Rap1: in rap1 mutants, Dizzy is unable to induce the large protrusions. Furthermore, forced expression of a dominant-active ...
Disruption of morphogenesis and transformation of
... evidence suggests that the KN1 protein itself could be the signal that moves from the corpus to cells of the tunica layer (Jackson et al., 1994). The nature of interactions between different parts of the early embryo are less well understood. Polar auxin transport is thought to be required for the t ...
... evidence suggests that the KN1 protein itself could be the signal that moves from the corpus to cells of the tunica layer (Jackson et al., 1994). The nature of interactions between different parts of the early embryo are less well understood. Polar auxin transport is thought to be required for the t ...
Enhancement of Fibronectin Fibrillogenesis and Bone Formation by
... then dissected from fetal rats with aseptic technique. The soft tissues were removed under dissecting microscope. The calvaria were divided into small pieces and were treated with 0.1% type I collagenase (Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO) solution for 10 min at 37°C. The next two 20-min sequential coll ...
... then dissected from fetal rats with aseptic technique. The soft tissues were removed under dissecting microscope. The calvaria were divided into small pieces and were treated with 0.1% type I collagenase (Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO) solution for 10 min at 37°C. The next two 20-min sequential coll ...
Effects of GDF-9 and FSH on in vitro development of bovine
... Experiment 2: Assessment of interaction between BMP4 and FSH on cultured secondary follicles To investigate a possible interaction between BMP-4 and FSH, the concentration of BMP-4 that had the best results in experiment 1 was used to culture secondary follicles for a longer culture period (18 days) ...
... Experiment 2: Assessment of interaction between BMP4 and FSH on cultured secondary follicles To investigate a possible interaction between BMP-4 and FSH, the concentration of BMP-4 that had the best results in experiment 1 was used to culture secondary follicles for a longer culture period (18 days) ...
Introduction
... 4. Wherever “observe” comes, carry out the observation and fill up the observations in the space provided for observations and documentation or in your notebook. The sequence of different observations is indicated by numbers 1,2,3 etc. Record observations in the correct sequence. Try noting down the ...
... 4. Wherever “observe” comes, carry out the observation and fill up the observations in the space provided for observations and documentation or in your notebook. The sequence of different observations is indicated by numbers 1,2,3 etc. Record observations in the correct sequence. Try noting down the ...
Single-Cell Phenotyping within Transparent Intact Tissue through
... tissues has long been a goal of biologists. As early as the 1800s, work by scientists such as Werner Spalteholz revealed the utility of rendering tissue optically transparent for anatomical and biomedical studies (Spalteholz, 1914). Although the Spalteholz technique and its variants incur damage to ...
... tissues has long been a goal of biologists. As early as the 1800s, work by scientists such as Werner Spalteholz revealed the utility of rendering tissue optically transparent for anatomical and biomedical studies (Spalteholz, 1914). Although the Spalteholz technique and its variants incur damage to ...
Separation of Sister Chromatids in Mitosis
... through the first synchronous, syncytial mitoses (mitosis 1–13) as well as through the first asynchronous mitosis (mitosis 14), which occurs after cellularization in a complex but reproducible temporal and spatial pattern (Foe, 1989), was not affected. These embryonic division patterns can be visual ...
... through the first synchronous, syncytial mitoses (mitosis 1–13) as well as through the first asynchronous mitosis (mitosis 14), which occurs after cellularization in a complex but reproducible temporal and spatial pattern (Foe, 1989), was not affected. These embryonic division patterns can be visual ...
Anti-HIV-1 activity of Trim 37
... conserved and was expressed in all tissues tested (Hämäläinen et al., 2006; Kallijärvi et al., 2006). To verify these reports, we set out to characterize the expression levels of Trim 37 in a variety of mammalian cell lines in the lab. We examined protein expression levels of Trim 37 in three ce ...
... conserved and was expressed in all tissues tested (Hämäläinen et al., 2006; Kallijärvi et al., 2006). To verify these reports, we set out to characterize the expression levels of Trim 37 in a variety of mammalian cell lines in the lab. We examined protein expression levels of Trim 37 in three ce ...
Salinity Effects on the Activity of Plasma Membrane H+ and Ca2+
... then measured in enzyme-free bathing solution (0.1 mM CaCl2 , 1.0 mM KCl, 0.4 M mannitol). A similar bath composition (except mannitol) was used in experiments with mesophyll tissue. In some experiments, Ca2 composition in the bath varied between 0.1 and 10 mM (added as CaCl2 salt); K concentrati ...
... then measured in enzyme-free bathing solution (0.1 mM CaCl2 , 1.0 mM KCl, 0.4 M mannitol). A similar bath composition (except mannitol) was used in experiments with mesophyll tissue. In some experiments, Ca2 composition in the bath varied between 0.1 and 10 mM (added as CaCl2 salt); K concentrati ...
Cellular Biology - Circulation Research
... Rationale: Polyploidy and multinucleation are characteristic features of mammalian cardiomyocytes, which develop shortly after birth when most differentiated cardiomyocytes become acytokinetic. Cardiac overload and hypertrophy further increase the degree of polyploidy of cardiomyocytes, suggesting a ...
... Rationale: Polyploidy and multinucleation are characteristic features of mammalian cardiomyocytes, which develop shortly after birth when most differentiated cardiomyocytes become acytokinetic. Cardiac overload and hypertrophy further increase the degree of polyploidy of cardiomyocytes, suggesting a ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.