![Role of the OPG/RANK/RANKL triad in calcifications of - HAL](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/020493547_1-160352a3002a63f82155e15d0bf320a8-300x300.png)
Role of the OPG/RANK/RANKL triad in calcifications of - HAL
... be mediated by OPG and Mosheimer et al demonstrated that OPG affects monocyte migration and protein kinase C and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt activation via syndecan-1. OPGinduced activation of monocyte chemotaxis toward different chemokines is due to the interactions of OPG with heparin and c ...
... be mediated by OPG and Mosheimer et al demonstrated that OPG affects monocyte migration and protein kinase C and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt activation via syndecan-1. OPGinduced activation of monocyte chemotaxis toward different chemokines is due to the interactions of OPG with heparin and c ...
The Iron-Sulfur Cluster Proteins Isa1 and Isa2 Are Required for the
... reporter plasmid used in Fig. 5B (46). The yeast genomic library in the CENTRP1 vector pRS200 was described before (16) and obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 77164). Miscellaneous methods. In vivo labeling of yeast cells with radioactive 55FeCl3 (ICN) and measurement of 55Fe i ...
... reporter plasmid used in Fig. 5B (46). The yeast genomic library in the CENTRP1 vector pRS200 was described before (16) and obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 77164). Miscellaneous methods. In vivo labeling of yeast cells with radioactive 55FeCl3 (ICN) and measurement of 55Fe i ...
Nicotinamidase modulation of NAD biosynthesis and nicotinamide
... 2007). Nampt mediated reduction in NAM levels is also implicated in mediating Nampt effects (Fulco et al., 2008). However, the relative importance of increases in NAD+ biosynthesis versus decreases in NAM levels to the biological activity of nicotinamidase and Nampt are still not well understood. Fu ...
... 2007). Nampt mediated reduction in NAM levels is also implicated in mediating Nampt effects (Fulco et al., 2008). However, the relative importance of increases in NAD+ biosynthesis versus decreases in NAM levels to the biological activity of nicotinamidase and Nampt are still not well understood. Fu ...
Chediak-Higashi–Like Granules in Acute
... membrane and vacuoles open to exterior (Fig 1). In the Macedonian case, few cells resembling ‘‘small’’ macrophages, or destroyed abnormal promyelocytes, were seen ‘‘engulfing’’ large individual vacuoles with some pinkish content. In CH disease, gigantic granules do not show growth and evolution towa ...
... membrane and vacuoles open to exterior (Fig 1). In the Macedonian case, few cells resembling ‘‘small’’ macrophages, or destroyed abnormal promyelocytes, were seen ‘‘engulfing’’ large individual vacuoles with some pinkish content. In CH disease, gigantic granules do not show growth and evolution towa ...
... inhibitors are summarized in table 2. These observations are in accordance with the isoenzyme profile of macrophages, suggesting that inhibition of either PDE III or PDE IV results in a partial attenuation of total cAMP-hydrolysing capacity. Only if both isoenzymes are simultaneously inhibited will ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
... T cell-mediated immunity, Ag has to be presented to naïve T cells as a processed peptide in the context of a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule by specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The most important APC is the dendritic cell (DC, see below), but also B cells and macrophages ...
... T cell-mediated immunity, Ag has to be presented to naïve T cells as a processed peptide in the context of a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule by specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The most important APC is the dendritic cell (DC, see below), but also B cells and macrophages ...
PDF
... Fig. 1. Duf is expressed on myotubes and required for fusion. Dissected pupal muscle preparations, 18-22 hours APF. (A-A) Staining for the Duf protein (white, blue) in control flies (sns-lacZ/CyO), demonstrating its specific expression only in myotubes but not in myoblasts. Myoblasts are identified ...
... Fig. 1. Duf is expressed on myotubes and required for fusion. Dissected pupal muscle preparations, 18-22 hours APF. (A-A) Staining for the Duf protein (white, blue) in control flies (sns-lacZ/CyO), demonstrating its specific expression only in myotubes but not in myoblasts. Myoblasts are identified ...
Long-Term Acclimation of the Cyanobacterium
... selectively decrease the PSI content during acclimation to high light (HL) and its growth is severely inhibited under prolonged HL conditions (Hihara et al., 1998; Sonoike et al., 2001). A similar defect in maintaining reduced PSI content in HL has been demonstrated in a Synechocystis strain lacking ...
... selectively decrease the PSI content during acclimation to high light (HL) and its growth is severely inhibited under prolonged HL conditions (Hihara et al., 1998; Sonoike et al., 2001). A similar defect in maintaining reduced PSI content in HL has been demonstrated in a Synechocystis strain lacking ...
Embryonic activation of the myoD gene is regulated
... cells that migrate away from the ventrolateral edge of the maturing somite (Wachtler and Christ, 1992; Ordahl and Le Douarin, 1992). Myogenic cells of the branchial arches, which form facial, jaw and throat musculature, originate both from anterior somites and from cranial paraxial mesoderm (Noden, ...
... cells that migrate away from the ventrolateral edge of the maturing somite (Wachtler and Christ, 1992; Ordahl and Le Douarin, 1992). Myogenic cells of the branchial arches, which form facial, jaw and throat musculature, originate both from anterior somites and from cranial paraxial mesoderm (Noden, ...
The lysosome as a command-and-control center for cellular
... shown that binding of mTORC1 to the Rag GTPases is stimulated by entry of amino acids into the lysosomal lumen. Conversely, both in vitro and in cells, preventing lysosomal amino acid accumulation blocked mTORC1 binding to the lysosomal surface (Zoncu et al., 2011b; Jung et al., 2015; Rebsamen et al ...
... shown that binding of mTORC1 to the Rag GTPases is stimulated by entry of amino acids into the lysosomal lumen. Conversely, both in vitro and in cells, preventing lysosomal amino acid accumulation blocked mTORC1 binding to the lysosomal surface (Zoncu et al., 2011b; Jung et al., 2015; Rebsamen et al ...
The lysosome as a command-and-control center for cellular
... shown that binding of mTORC1 to the Rag GTPases is stimulated by entry of amino acids into the lysosomal lumen. Conversely, both in vitro and in cells, preventing lysosomal amino acid accumulation blocked mTORC1 binding to the lysosomal surface (Zoncu et al., 2011b; Jung et al., 2015; Rebsamen et al ...
... shown that binding of mTORC1 to the Rag GTPases is stimulated by entry of amino acids into the lysosomal lumen. Conversely, both in vitro and in cells, preventing lysosomal amino acid accumulation blocked mTORC1 binding to the lysosomal surface (Zoncu et al., 2011b; Jung et al., 2015; Rebsamen et al ...
THE RENAL ELECTROGENIC Na+:HCO3 COTRANSPORTER
... channels, that could influence Vm. Thus, a DIDS-induced Vm change can hardly be regarded as specific for an electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporter. Another approach that has been used to identify electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporters is to monitor the Vm changes that occur when a CO2/HCO3− solution is ...
... channels, that could influence Vm. Thus, a DIDS-induced Vm change can hardly be regarded as specific for an electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporter. Another approach that has been used to identify electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporters is to monitor the Vm changes that occur when a CO2/HCO3− solution is ...
Functional Analysis of Class 1 RSL Genes in Caulonema and
... caulonema. The first cells to develop from the spore are chloronema (Cove and Knight, 1993). Chloronema cells are short and contain numerous chloroplasts and perpendicular cell walls, compared to caulonema. The numerous well-developed chloroplasts are very similar to those of leaf cells in ultrastru ...
... caulonema. The first cells to develop from the spore are chloronema (Cove and Knight, 1993). Chloronema cells are short and contain numerous chloroplasts and perpendicular cell walls, compared to caulonema. The numerous well-developed chloroplasts are very similar to those of leaf cells in ultrastru ...
A Monoclonal Antibody against a Laminin
... experiments suggest that neural crest cells and growing axons both share some common cell surface receptor molecules, responsiveness to extracellular matrix components, and pathways of migration The role of the ECM in the outgrowth and regeneration of peripheral neurites has been the subject of man ...
... experiments suggest that neural crest cells and growing axons both share some common cell surface receptor molecules, responsiveness to extracellular matrix components, and pathways of migration The role of the ECM in the outgrowth and regeneration of peripheral neurites has been the subject of man ...
Molecular mapping of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in focal
... labeled mainly the adhesion structures (not shown). This suggests that these proteins become phosphorylated only after they become incorporated into adhesion complexes. To study tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin in live cells in real time, we plated NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, co-expressing CFPpaxillin ...
... labeled mainly the adhesion structures (not shown). This suggests that these proteins become phosphorylated only after they become incorporated into adhesion complexes. To study tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin in live cells in real time, we plated NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, co-expressing CFPpaxillin ...
Imaging of the Yellow Cameleon 3.6 Indicator
... ever, although inhibited relative to its rate before the addition of La31, expansion of the cell apex continued for a few minutes following La31 treatment. This expansion accelerated until the root hairs eventually burst at their tips (Table I, Fig. 2B). At higher concentrations of La31 (1 mM), almo ...
... ever, although inhibited relative to its rate before the addition of La31, expansion of the cell apex continued for a few minutes following La31 treatment. This expansion accelerated until the root hairs eventually burst at their tips (Table I, Fig. 2B). At higher concentrations of La31 (1 mM), almo ...
Anatomical Characterization and Cellular Physiology of Rat Aortic
... found in association with a group of local neurons (>30). In vagus nerve-RLN wholemounts, AB chemoreceptor (type I) cells were immunoreactive against the vesicular acetylcholine (ACh) transporter, and were surrounded by nerve terminals immunopositive for purinergic P2X2 and P2X3 receptor subunits, s ...
... found in association with a group of local neurons (>30). In vagus nerve-RLN wholemounts, AB chemoreceptor (type I) cells were immunoreactive against the vesicular acetylcholine (ACh) transporter, and were surrounded by nerve terminals immunopositive for purinergic P2X2 and P2X3 receptor subunits, s ...
Autoregulation of Actin Synthesis by Physiological
... After primary culture for 18h, hepatocytes were incubated with normotonic or hypotonic medium with or without phalloidin or C2 toxin, respectively. Under normotonic conditions, phalloidin dramatically decreased cellular G-actin by 70% after incubation for 120 min, which largely exceeded the decrease ...
... After primary culture for 18h, hepatocytes were incubated with normotonic or hypotonic medium with or without phalloidin or C2 toxin, respectively. Under normotonic conditions, phalloidin dramatically decreased cellular G-actin by 70% after incubation for 120 min, which largely exceeded the decrease ...
Morphine: CYP2D6 Modulation Human White Blood Cells Synthesize
... he immune-regulatory effects of opioid chemical messengers are well established (1, 2). Exogenously administered opiates are immunosuppressive, inhibiting both cellular and humoral responses via their cytokine-like effects in both the CNS and the periphery (2). In vitro exposure of human monocytes a ...
... he immune-regulatory effects of opioid chemical messengers are well established (1, 2). Exogenously administered opiates are immunosuppressive, inhibiting both cellular and humoral responses via their cytokine-like effects in both the CNS and the periphery (2). In vitro exposure of human monocytes a ...
the signaling role of the accessory receptors cd2 and cd6 in t cell
... by PCR the rat homologue of CD6 and biochemical analysis showed that CD6 interacts with CD5 at the surface of T lymphocytes and that the fraction of CD5 associated with CD6 was highly phosphorylated in kinase assays, in marked contrast with the low level of phosphorylation of CD5 associated with eit ...
... by PCR the rat homologue of CD6 and biochemical analysis showed that CD6 interacts with CD5 at the surface of T lymphocytes and that the fraction of CD5 associated with CD6 was highly phosphorylated in kinase assays, in marked contrast with the low level of phosphorylation of CD5 associated with eit ...
Catecholamines Stimulate Testicular Steroidogenesis In Vitro in the
... We have examined direct effects of catecholamines on testicular testosterone production in a seasonally breeding species, the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus. Testicular parenchyma from gonadally active long photoperiod (LD)-exposed and gonadally regressed short photoperiod (SD)-exposed animals ...
... We have examined direct effects of catecholamines on testicular testosterone production in a seasonally breeding species, the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus. Testicular parenchyma from gonadally active long photoperiod (LD)-exposed and gonadally regressed short photoperiod (SD)-exposed animals ...
A Review of Centriole Activity, and Wrongful Activity, during Cell
... Centriole and centrosome abnormalities lead to either: 1) self-correction due to regulatory proteins: 2) cell death; or 3) tumor generation (“tumorigenesis”) when there is tumorigenesis, the centrioles tend to have multiple daughters regulating in a proliferation of centrioles [7] [12] [14] [17] [28 ...
... Centriole and centrosome abnormalities lead to either: 1) self-correction due to regulatory proteins: 2) cell death; or 3) tumor generation (“tumorigenesis”) when there is tumorigenesis, the centrioles tend to have multiple daughters regulating in a proliferation of centrioles [7] [12] [14] [17] [28 ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.