Apical-basal patterning in Arabidopsis - Development
... along the stem was reduced (Przemeck et al., 1996). The deduced MP protein (Hardtke and Berleth, 1998) is related to a transcription factor, ARF, that binds to auxin-response elements (Ulmasov et al., 1997). These findings raised the ...
... along the stem was reduced (Przemeck et al., 1996). The deduced MP protein (Hardtke and Berleth, 1998) is related to a transcription factor, ARF, that binds to auxin-response elements (Ulmasov et al., 1997). These findings raised the ...
C. elegans and volatile anesthetics
... magnitude. Mutations affecting immobility in anesthetics identified an interacting set of genes that have been ordered relative to each other, and has yielded some surprising correlates in studies in other species. However, it is important to note that the gene products may not directly interact wit ...
... magnitude. Mutations affecting immobility in anesthetics identified an interacting set of genes that have been ordered relative to each other, and has yielded some surprising correlates in studies in other species. However, it is important to note that the gene products may not directly interact wit ...
Differential recruitment of Dishevelled provides signaling specificity
... Frizzled2 (DFz2) has been proposed to encode the Wg receptor (Bhanot et al. 1996), although confirmation awaits more definitive evidence. This observation also raises the possibility that another member of the Wnt family, of which four have been identified in Drosophila, could function as the PCP li ...
... Frizzled2 (DFz2) has been proposed to encode the Wg receptor (Bhanot et al. 1996), although confirmation awaits more definitive evidence. This observation also raises the possibility that another member of the Wnt family, of which four have been identified in Drosophila, could function as the PCP li ...
Vesicles versus Tubes: is ER-Golgi Transport in
... transient state between formation and dissipation of COPII carriers could enable the Downloaded from on June 17, 20178- Published by www.plantphysiol.org Copyright © 2015 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. ...
... transient state between formation and dissipation of COPII carriers could enable the Downloaded from on June 17, 20178- Published by www.plantphysiol.org Copyright © 2015 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. ...
Ectopic Expression of AINTEGUMENTA in Arabidopsis Plants
... this construct was transformed into wild-type Arabidopsis plants. As shown in Figure 1E–H, 35S::ANT confers persistent ANT expression in developing floral organs. Approximately one-half of the transgenic plants (66 out of 127 plants) produced larger than normal flowers (Fig. 2A). Of the other transf ...
... this construct was transformed into wild-type Arabidopsis plants. As shown in Figure 1E–H, 35S::ANT confers persistent ANT expression in developing floral organs. Approximately one-half of the transgenic plants (66 out of 127 plants) produced larger than normal flowers (Fig. 2A). Of the other transf ...
Exosomes: Implications in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
... in 2007, exosomes from human and murine mast cells were discovered to contain functional mRNA and miRNA that could be donated to recipient cells and translated into heterologous or homologous proteins [5]. Exosomes are membranous nanovesicles originating as a result of inward budding of endosomal me ...
... in 2007, exosomes from human and murine mast cells were discovered to contain functional mRNA and miRNA that could be donated to recipient cells and translated into heterologous or homologous proteins [5]. Exosomes are membranous nanovesicles originating as a result of inward budding of endosomal me ...
Extracellular Traps Is a Silent Process Macrophage Clearance of
... to be a source of immunogens (6), but excessive production of NETs and/or inefficient dismantling of these structures may potentially serve as yet another source of immunogens (7). In the case of apoptotic cells, several key steps in the clearance process have been identified, many of which appear t ...
... to be a source of immunogens (6), but excessive production of NETs and/or inefficient dismantling of these structures may potentially serve as yet another source of immunogens (7). In the case of apoptotic cells, several key steps in the clearance process have been identified, many of which appear t ...
USING ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) AS A SUBSTITUTE APPLICATIONS
... Osteoarthritis is the end result of damage to articular cartilage, which lacks the ability to self-repair. Tissue engineering of cartilage is a promising field of study that aims to promote healing of cartilage in vivo by manipulation of the chondrocytes that maintain the tissue, or through in vitro ...
... Osteoarthritis is the end result of damage to articular cartilage, which lacks the ability to self-repair. Tissue engineering of cartilage is a promising field of study that aims to promote healing of cartilage in vivo by manipulation of the chondrocytes that maintain the tissue, or through in vitro ...
Cell Biology - Models NF
... In males - embryonic lethality (usually) In females -- congenital disorder of teeth, hair, and sweat glands, death usually occurs early in life. ...
... In males - embryonic lethality (usually) In females -- congenital disorder of teeth, hair, and sweat glands, death usually occurs early in life. ...
Nitrate regulation of metabolism and growth Mark Stitt
... senescence [1,2]. These far-reaching changes underline the important role played by the signalling mechanisms that regulate metabolism and development in response to the availability of nitrogen. Signals might be derived from nitrate itself, from metabolites formed during nitrate assimilation, or, m ...
... senescence [1,2]. These far-reaching changes underline the important role played by the signalling mechanisms that regulate metabolism and development in response to the availability of nitrogen. Signals might be derived from nitrate itself, from metabolites formed during nitrate assimilation, or, m ...
Four-cell stage mouse blastomeres have different developmental
... partitioning takes place, can cells have different developmental properties that reflect their positions in the embryo as early as the four-cell stage? In the mouse, the only individual blastomeres recorded to undergo normal development to term have been from the twocell stage embryo (Tarkowski, 195 ...
... partitioning takes place, can cells have different developmental properties that reflect their positions in the embryo as early as the four-cell stage? In the mouse, the only individual blastomeres recorded to undergo normal development to term have been from the twocell stage embryo (Tarkowski, 195 ...
RabGDI controls axonal midline crossing by regulating Robo1
... expressed on commissural growth cones in order to expel them from the floor plate that was previously perceived as an attractive environment. The model of Robo regulation put forth in invertebrates postulates that midline crossing is controlled by Comm, which prevents surface expression of Robo befo ...
... expressed on commissural growth cones in order to expel them from the floor plate that was previously perceived as an attractive environment. The model of Robo regulation put forth in invertebrates postulates that midline crossing is controlled by Comm, which prevents surface expression of Robo befo ...
Profilin association with monomeric actin in
... at 22°C, mixed with 10 ml of ice-cold extraction buffer and lysed with 18 strokes of a Dounce homogenizer. Separate 1.0 ml samples of the crude cell homogenate were kept on ice (extract sample), centrifuged at 16,000 g in an Eppendorf 5415C microfuge for 5 minutes at 4°C to yield a low speed superna ...
... at 22°C, mixed with 10 ml of ice-cold extraction buffer and lysed with 18 strokes of a Dounce homogenizer. Separate 1.0 ml samples of the crude cell homogenate were kept on ice (extract sample), centrifuged at 16,000 g in an Eppendorf 5415C microfuge for 5 minutes at 4°C to yield a low speed superna ...
- Gastroenterology
... has long been shown to be a trypsinogen activator,4 and, in experimental studies, it was demonstrated that inhibition of CTSB or genetic deletion of the ctsb gene protects not only against premature trypsinogen activation but also against pancreatitis.5 Although the role of CTSB in trypsinogen activ ...
... has long been shown to be a trypsinogen activator,4 and, in experimental studies, it was demonstrated that inhibition of CTSB or genetic deletion of the ctsb gene protects not only against premature trypsinogen activation but also against pancreatitis.5 Although the role of CTSB in trypsinogen activ ...
Peer-Review Draft: Report on Carcinogens Monograph on
... thus evidence of causality relies on cases defined by this criterion and molecular evidence from human studies rather than on epidemiological population-based studies of the association of the virus with a level of cancer risk. For several viruses, e.g., Epstein-Barr virus, the population prevalence ...
... thus evidence of causality relies on cases defined by this criterion and molecular evidence from human studies rather than on epidemiological population-based studies of the association of the virus with a level of cancer risk. For several viruses, e.g., Epstein-Barr virus, the population prevalence ...
Aprotinin Preserves Cellular Junctions and Reduces
... myocardial edema attributable to vascular permeability, which is regulated in part by thrombin-induced alterations in cellular junctions. Aprotinin has been demonstrated to prevent activation of the thrombin protease-activated receptor, and we hypothesized that aprotinin preserves myocardial cellula ...
... myocardial edema attributable to vascular permeability, which is regulated in part by thrombin-induced alterations in cellular junctions. Aprotinin has been demonstrated to prevent activation of the thrombin protease-activated receptor, and we hypothesized that aprotinin preserves myocardial cellula ...
tau strains and their propagation in experimental disease models
... Alzheimer’s disease, which are characterized by the fibrillization of the microtubuleassociated tau protein. The normal function of tau is to stabilize and promote the assembly of microtubules in neuronal axons. Sequestration of tau into amyloid fibrils results in destabilization of the microtubule ...
... Alzheimer’s disease, which are characterized by the fibrillization of the microtubuleassociated tau protein. The normal function of tau is to stabilize and promote the assembly of microtubules in neuronal axons. Sequestration of tau into amyloid fibrils results in destabilization of the microtubule ...
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom, and it
... are formed among three procollagen chains and ensure that the chains line up in the proper alignment. This step is called registration. Once registration occurs, the three chains wrap around each other forming a string-like structure. These portions of the procollagen molecule make it very soluble a ...
... are formed among three procollagen chains and ensure that the chains line up in the proper alignment. This step is called registration. Once registration occurs, the three chains wrap around each other forming a string-like structure. These portions of the procollagen molecule make it very soluble a ...
Extrapolation of elementary rate constants of P
... measured using the SDS software of the ABI PrismTM 7900HT Sequence Detection System (TaqManTM) starting with 10 minutes at 95 °C, followed by 40 cycles of 15 seconds at 95 °C and 1 minute at 60 °C. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate. The targeted mRNA in MDCKII-hMDR1NKI and Caco-2 cells was norm ...
... measured using the SDS software of the ABI PrismTM 7900HT Sequence Detection System (TaqManTM) starting with 10 minutes at 95 °C, followed by 40 cycles of 15 seconds at 95 °C and 1 minute at 60 °C. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate. The targeted mRNA in MDCKII-hMDR1NKI and Caco-2 cells was norm ...
An Important Pool of Sucrose Linked to Starch Biosynthesis is Taken
... levels of sucrose, starch, UDPglucose and the starch precursor molecule ADPglucose in cells cultured with LY294002 were significantly lower than those of control cells. We then performed a time course analysis of sucrose accumulated and intracellular ADPglucose content in cells previously starved fo ...
... levels of sucrose, starch, UDPglucose and the starch precursor molecule ADPglucose in cells cultured with LY294002 were significantly lower than those of control cells. We then performed a time course analysis of sucrose accumulated and intracellular ADPglucose content in cells previously starved fo ...
PapD-like chaperones and pilus biogenesis
... The crystal structure of PapD and the solution structure of FimC, and more recently, the crystal structures of the FimC᎐FimH chaperone᎐adhesin complex and the PapD᎐PapK chaperone᎐pilin complex have all been solved.25 ᎐ 28 The chaperone consists of two immunoglobulin-like ŽIg. domains oriented in an ...
... The crystal structure of PapD and the solution structure of FimC, and more recently, the crystal structures of the FimC᎐FimH chaperone᎐adhesin complex and the PapD᎐PapK chaperone᎐pilin complex have all been solved.25 ᎐ 28 The chaperone consists of two immunoglobulin-like ŽIg. domains oriented in an ...
CELLS - Hudson City School District
... Sticky outer coat Helps glue it to surfaces (like sticks, rocks, human tissue) Only in prokaryotes (bacteria) ...
... Sticky outer coat Helps glue it to surfaces (like sticks, rocks, human tissue) Only in prokaryotes (bacteria) ...
The role of yolk syncytial layer and blastoderm movements during
... the zebrafish (Danio rerio), have been used since the late 1800s for biological studies. More recently, the zebrafish embryo has come into focus to answer developmental and physiological questions. This was initiated mainly by George Streisinger and colleagues, who began genetic analysis in the zebr ...
... the zebrafish (Danio rerio), have been used since the late 1800s for biological studies. More recently, the zebrafish embryo has come into focus to answer developmental and physiological questions. This was initiated mainly by George Streisinger and colleagues, who began genetic analysis in the zebr ...
Presentation - European Bioinformatics Institute
... The contributes_to qualifier • Where an individual gene product that is part of a complex can be annotated to terms that describe the action (function or process) of the whole complex • contributes_to is not needed to annotate a catalytic subunit. Furthermore, contributes_to may be used for any non ...
... The contributes_to qualifier • Where an individual gene product that is part of a complex can be annotated to terms that describe the action (function or process) of the whole complex • contributes_to is not needed to annotate a catalytic subunit. Furthermore, contributes_to may be used for any non ...
Investigation of Factors Affecting Opalescence and Phase
... interactions in solution have also been reported to enhance reversible/irreversible aggregation and viscosity of the solution. These formulation challenges are further enhanced for the second generation of antibodies due to the increased complexity of the molecules. Current work focuses on understan ...
... interactions in solution have also been reported to enhance reversible/irreversible aggregation and viscosity of the solution. These formulation challenges are further enhanced for the second generation of antibodies due to the increased complexity of the molecules. Current work focuses on understan ...