A Novel Plant Major Intrinsic Protein in Physcomitrella patens Most
... combinations resulted in overlapping PCR products, which were sequenced with amplification primers and internal specific primers. The sequences of the exons and the cDNA are identical and confirm that the cDNA clone originates from P. patens. The gene from translation start to stop, including five i ...
... combinations resulted in overlapping PCR products, which were sequenced with amplification primers and internal specific primers. The sequences of the exons and the cDNA are identical and confirm that the cDNA clone originates from P. patens. The gene from translation start to stop, including five i ...
Lab 1
... that you will transfer your embryos to after removing their outer shells (chorion). Add 500 µl MeOH from the tube labeled Me to the tube of heptane (labeled Hep). 2. Use the small brush and H2O from your H2O wash bottle at your bench to loosen the embryos from the surface of the apple juice plate yo ...
... that you will transfer your embryos to after removing their outer shells (chorion). Add 500 µl MeOH from the tube labeled Me to the tube of heptane (labeled Hep). 2. Use the small brush and H2O from your H2O wash bottle at your bench to loosen the embryos from the surface of the apple juice plate yo ...
The `ins` and `outs` of flavonoid transport
... flower color [1]. Flavonoids have been associated with many favorable agronomic traits and health benefits to humans, and their metabolic engineering is therefore an important target for plant biotechnology [2,3]. Pathways, enzymes and regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis have been well s ...
... flower color [1]. Flavonoids have been associated with many favorable agronomic traits and health benefits to humans, and their metabolic engineering is therefore an important target for plant biotechnology [2,3]. Pathways, enzymes and regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis have been well s ...
Germ lineage specification from a pluripotent primitive ectoderm
... retain the ability to contribute to the ICM when injected into blastocysts and the resulting chimeric mice display ES cell contribution to all tissues including the germ line (Bradley, Evans et al. 1984; Nagy, Rossant et al. 1993). This remarkable feature of ES cells reflects their pluripotency and ...
... retain the ability to contribute to the ICM when injected into blastocysts and the resulting chimeric mice display ES cell contribution to all tissues including the germ line (Bradley, Evans et al. 1984; Nagy, Rossant et al. 1993). This remarkable feature of ES cells reflects their pluripotency and ...
Physiological implications of the regulation of vacuolar
... In rat cortical late distal tubules, microperfusion experiments have shown that the rate of proton secretion by H+ATPase was also dependent on chloride transport, since the inhibition of Cl- channels by 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid (NPPB) markedly reduced distal tubule acidification, ...
... In rat cortical late distal tubules, microperfusion experiments have shown that the rate of proton secretion by H+ATPase was also dependent on chloride transport, since the inhibition of Cl- channels by 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid (NPPB) markedly reduced distal tubule acidification, ...
Misregulation of autophagy and protein degradation systems in
... and assembly of different components of the autophagy machinery on phospholipids, but only the ubiquitin-like components are covalently bound to the phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEth) (Tanida et al., 2004a; Tanida et al., 2004b). This covalent bond occurs both on the outer and inner memb ...
... and assembly of different components of the autophagy machinery on phospholipids, but only the ubiquitin-like components are covalently bound to the phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEth) (Tanida et al., 2004a; Tanida et al., 2004b). This covalent bond occurs both on the outer and inner memb ...
mast cells and basophils
... basophil has often been described as a circulating mast cell, but, in reality, although both cells are intimately associated with the pathogenesis of asthma they are derived from distinct lineages [7], and fulfil a range of different functions. Mast cells constitute a uniquely heterogeneous family o ...
... basophil has often been described as a circulating mast cell, but, in reality, although both cells are intimately associated with the pathogenesis of asthma they are derived from distinct lineages [7], and fulfil a range of different functions. Mast cells constitute a uniquely heterogeneous family o ...
Trainor - Master BMC
... that even when an organism ceases to function, developmental mechanisms still kick in to try and preserve cells, organelles, and other machinery despite the ultimate futility of doing so. Therefore, one could consider Developmental Biology to be a process that begins with a single cell and ends only ...
... that even when an organism ceases to function, developmental mechanisms still kick in to try and preserve cells, organelles, and other machinery despite the ultimate futility of doing so. Therefore, one could consider Developmental Biology to be a process that begins with a single cell and ends only ...
12 Insights into the mechanisms underlying CFTR channel activity
... transmembrane segments in the membrane may be structured as lengthy helical segments extending from the membrane domain, perpendicular to the plane of the lipid bilayer. Shorter helical segments at the foot of these long extensions and lying parallel to the surface of the NBD heterodimer have been c ...
... transmembrane segments in the membrane may be structured as lengthy helical segments extending from the membrane domain, perpendicular to the plane of the lipid bilayer. Shorter helical segments at the foot of these long extensions and lying parallel to the surface of the NBD heterodimer have been c ...
Viability and Cytotoxicity Assay Kits for Diverse Cell Types
... well contained. Subsequent treatment with 4% glutaraldehyde (or less effectively with formaldehyde) permits safer handling during analysis, without disrupting the distinctive staining pattern. Glutaraldehyde is known to inactivate cells and viruses, while preserving their overall morphology. In addi ...
... well contained. Subsequent treatment with 4% glutaraldehyde (or less effectively with formaldehyde) permits safer handling during analysis, without disrupting the distinctive staining pattern. Glutaraldehyde is known to inactivate cells and viruses, while preserving their overall morphology. In addi ...
3 Adhesion and Adhesives of Fungi and Oomycetes
... pathways (e.g., Liu and Kolattukudy 1999), they are not as useful for adhesion studies as knockouts of genes directly involved in glue production. However, if multiple compounds can serve as building blocks of a glue, single gene knock-outs may only result in, at best, quantitatively discernible dif ...
... pathways (e.g., Liu and Kolattukudy 1999), they are not as useful for adhesion studies as knockouts of genes directly involved in glue production. However, if multiple compounds can serve as building blocks of a glue, single gene knock-outs may only result in, at best, quantitatively discernible dif ...
as a PDF
... Time-lapsed confocal imaging of Arabidopsis epidermal cells expressing GFP-tubulin fusion proteins (n = 33 cells, 4.1min average duration at 3.85sec intervals) revealed discrete sites of apparent microtubule initiation at the cell cortex (Fig. 1A,B). Microtubules that depolymerized to visible comple ...
... Time-lapsed confocal imaging of Arabidopsis epidermal cells expressing GFP-tubulin fusion proteins (n = 33 cells, 4.1min average duration at 3.85sec intervals) revealed discrete sites of apparent microtubule initiation at the cell cortex (Fig. 1A,B). Microtubules that depolymerized to visible comple ...
A Novel Plant Major Intrinsic Protein in
... combinations resulted in overlapping PCR products, which were sequenced with amplification primers and internal specific primers. The sequences of the exons and the cDNA are identical and confirm that the cDNA clone originates from P. patens. The gene from translation start to stop, including five i ...
... combinations resulted in overlapping PCR products, which were sequenced with amplification primers and internal specific primers. The sequences of the exons and the cDNA are identical and confirm that the cDNA clone originates from P. patens. The gene from translation start to stop, including five i ...
Liver development
... Exactly how these pathways confer regional identity is still unresolved, however recent studies in chick and Xenopus support a model where FGF4 and Wnts secreted from the posterior mesoderm repress foregut fate and promote hindgut development, while Wnt and Fgf4 signaling must be inhibited in the an ...
... Exactly how these pathways confer regional identity is still unresolved, however recent studies in chick and Xenopus support a model where FGF4 and Wnts secreted from the posterior mesoderm repress foregut fate and promote hindgut development, while Wnt and Fgf4 signaling must be inhibited in the an ...
Ethylene - Carleton University
... any organ, but still maintains normal patterns of growth and senescence • A recessive single gene mutation • This mutant is specific to abscission, and may be caused by a lack or delay in the expression of hydrolytic enzymes which are specifically associated with abscission zone differentiation and ...
... any organ, but still maintains normal patterns of growth and senescence • A recessive single gene mutation • This mutant is specific to abscission, and may be caused by a lack or delay in the expression of hydrolytic enzymes which are specifically associated with abscission zone differentiation and ...
A flexible polyglutamine hinge opens new doors
... of a conformational change similar to phospho-mimicry. Provocatively, increased phosphorylation of these serine residues improves symptoms in a mouse model of Huntington disease (16). The nature of the FRET sensor developed for this study required the constructs being expressed at higher than physio ...
... of a conformational change similar to phospho-mimicry. Provocatively, increased phosphorylation of these serine residues improves symptoms in a mouse model of Huntington disease (16). The nature of the FRET sensor developed for this study required the constructs being expressed at higher than physio ...
Late Endosomal/Lysosomal Targeting and Lack of Recycling of the
... analyzed only for the ETA receptor. In stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the receptor was found to reside in caveolae and to be internalized after binding of ET1 (Chun et al., 1994). Because a significant portion of the internalized receptor/ligand complex remained undegraded wit ...
... analyzed only for the ETA receptor. In stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the receptor was found to reside in caveolae and to be internalized after binding of ET1 (Chun et al., 1994). Because a significant portion of the internalized receptor/ligand complex remained undegraded wit ...
Flow-through electroporation based on constant voltage
... these applications, cell samples of large volume (108–109 cells) are often processed for transfection. This poses new challenges for current transfection methods and practices. Here we present a novel flow-through electroporation method for delivery of genes into cells at high flow rates (up to ∼ 20 m ...
... these applications, cell samples of large volume (108–109 cells) are often processed for transfection. This poses new challenges for current transfection methods and practices. Here we present a novel flow-through electroporation method for delivery of genes into cells at high flow rates (up to ∼ 20 m ...
Regulatory B cells in autoimmune diseases
... phenotypes and origins have also been identified during arthritis development. Mauri et al. have performed a comprehensive study that examines whether adoptive transfer of activated B cells from arthritic mice has an inhibitory effect on CIA.43 Mauri and colleagues found that the in vitro activation ...
... phenotypes and origins have also been identified during arthritis development. Mauri et al. have performed a comprehensive study that examines whether adoptive transfer of activated B cells from arthritic mice has an inhibitory effect on CIA.43 Mauri and colleagues found that the in vitro activation ...
Lesson Overview - Diman Regional
... cannot pass through the cell membrane of their target cells. Nonsteroid hormones bind to receptors in a target cell and cause the release of secondary messengers that affect cell activities. ...
... cannot pass through the cell membrane of their target cells. Nonsteroid hormones bind to receptors in a target cell and cause the release of secondary messengers that affect cell activities. ...
The origins, function, and regulation of T follicular helper cells
... of B cells and/or CD4+ T cells. For instance, CD40L rescues B cells from apoptosis and promotes their proliferation (Tangye et al., 2012), and IL-21 enhances the differentiation of CD40L-stimulated human B cells, inducing secretion of all Ig isotypes (Bryant et al., 2007; Avery et al., 2008; Ettinge ...
... of B cells and/or CD4+ T cells. For instance, CD40L rescues B cells from apoptosis and promotes their proliferation (Tangye et al., 2012), and IL-21 enhances the differentiation of CD40L-stimulated human B cells, inducing secretion of all Ig isotypes (Bryant et al., 2007; Avery et al., 2008; Ettinge ...
5. Possible outcomes and significance
... identification of a number of transcription factors and novel proteins involved in protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteosome pathway (Kepinski and Leyser 2002, see for review). One of the primary steps of auxin signaling is binding of auxin to a receptor, an auxin-binding protein (ABP). Many s ...
... identification of a number of transcription factors and novel proteins involved in protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteosome pathway (Kepinski and Leyser 2002, see for review). One of the primary steps of auxin signaling is binding of auxin to a receptor, an auxin-binding protein (ABP). Many s ...
to the marking scheme for all papers
... Product not contaminated with enzyme; Enzyme can be re-used/ small quantity of enzyme required; Can {withstand/tolerate} a wider range of pH; Can be used in a continuous process; ...
... Product not contaminated with enzyme; Enzyme can be re-used/ small quantity of enzyme required; Can {withstand/tolerate} a wider range of pH; Can be used in a continuous process; ...
MONODEHYROASCORBATE REDUCTASE4 Is Required for Seed
... region, containing 22 open reading frames. Sequencing candidate genes within this region revealed that three independent ethyl methanesulfonate sdp2 alleles contained mutations in At3g27820 (Figure 2B). This gene encodes an isoform of MDAR (MDAR4) that is associated with the peroxisomal membrane (Li ...
... region, containing 22 open reading frames. Sequencing candidate genes within this region revealed that three independent ethyl methanesulfonate sdp2 alleles contained mutations in At3g27820 (Figure 2B). This gene encodes an isoform of MDAR (MDAR4) that is associated with the peroxisomal membrane (Li ...
The preplacodal region - Kings College
... specification of border derivatives. Msx1 is a direct mediator of BMP signalling and as such functions in promoting epidermal and repressing neural character during early stages of Xenopus development, thereby positioning the border between both tissues (Suzuki, et al., 1997; Feledy, et al., 1999; P ...
... specification of border derivatives. Msx1 is a direct mediator of BMP signalling and as such functions in promoting epidermal and repressing neural character during early stages of Xenopus development, thereby positioning the border between both tissues (Suzuki, et al., 1997; Feledy, et al., 1999; P ...