A bi-functional siRNA construct induces RNA
... Previously we have shown that routine transfection of E7 siRNA into SiHa cervical cancer cells induces growth arrest and apoptosis (11). In contrast, the growth and viability of nonvirally infected cells, such as normal human diploid fibroblasts and HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells, are unaffect ...
... Previously we have shown that routine transfection of E7 siRNA into SiHa cervical cancer cells induces growth arrest and apoptosis (11). In contrast, the growth and viability of nonvirally infected cells, such as normal human diploid fibroblasts and HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells, are unaffect ...
The dehydratase ADT3 affects ROS homeostasis
... cells, which lack oil bodies and normal plastids. Interestingly, upregulation of the pathway ...
... cells, which lack oil bodies and normal plastids. Interestingly, upregulation of the pathway ...
Inhibitory Regulation of Higher-Plant Myosin by
... was not reversible upon Ca21 removal. An 18-kD polypeptide that showed the same mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as that of spinach calmodulin (CaM) was present in this myosin fraction. This polypeptide showed a mobility shift in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryla ...
... was not reversible upon Ca21 removal. An 18-kD polypeptide that showed the same mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as that of spinach calmodulin (CaM) was present in this myosin fraction. This polypeptide showed a mobility shift in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryla ...
Chediak-Higashi–Like Granules in Acute
... or with no tinted content inside. Few cells showed ‘‘rupture’’ of cell membrane and vacuoles open to exterior (Fig 1). In the Macedonian case, few cells resembling ‘‘small’’ macrophages, or destroyed abnormal promyelocytes, were seen ‘‘engulfing’’ large individual vacuoles with some pinkish content. ...
... or with no tinted content inside. Few cells showed ‘‘rupture’’ of cell membrane and vacuoles open to exterior (Fig 1). In the Macedonian case, few cells resembling ‘‘small’’ macrophages, or destroyed abnormal promyelocytes, were seen ‘‘engulfing’’ large individual vacuoles with some pinkish content. ...
Bax cleavage is mediated by calpain during drug-induced
... Figure 2 Characterization of the Bax cleavage enzyme. (a) The location of Bax cleavage activity was examined by incubating 35Smethionine-labeled Bax with buer alone (B) or heavy membrane (M) or cytosol (C) extracts from untreated HL-60 cells at time zero (U) or 12 h after 9-AC treatment (T) as desc ...
... Figure 2 Characterization of the Bax cleavage enzyme. (a) The location of Bax cleavage activity was examined by incubating 35Smethionine-labeled Bax with buer alone (B) or heavy membrane (M) or cytosol (C) extracts from untreated HL-60 cells at time zero (U) or 12 h after 9-AC treatment (T) as desc ...
Mouse Hoxa2 mutations provide a model for microtia and auricle
... be surrounded by NCCs contributed by both arches (Jakubíková et al., 2005; Schoenwolf and Larsen, 2009). Contrary to this prediction, we found that in E14.5 Wnt1::Cre;Hoxa2EGFP(lox-neo-lox)/+ mouse fetuses the EAC and its surrounding mesenchyme are entirely composed of Hoxa2–/EGFP– cells, and there ...
... be surrounded by NCCs contributed by both arches (Jakubíková et al., 2005; Schoenwolf and Larsen, 2009). Contrary to this prediction, we found that in E14.5 Wnt1::Cre;Hoxa2EGFP(lox-neo-lox)/+ mouse fetuses the EAC and its surrounding mesenchyme are entirely composed of Hoxa2–/EGFP– cells, and there ...
Specific Organization of Golgi Apparatus in Plant Cells
... system of actin filaments in plants consists of actin bundles and networks. Interphase cells usually contain networks consisting of short interlaced filaments and cortical or cytoplasmic bundles, whereas mitotic cells include accumulations of filaments around the mitotic spindle and in the phragmopl ...
... system of actin filaments in plants consists of actin bundles and networks. Interphase cells usually contain networks consisting of short interlaced filaments and cortical or cytoplasmic bundles, whereas mitotic cells include accumulations of filaments around the mitotic spindle and in the phragmopl ...
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Atria and Ventricles of the
... in muscle regeneration after injury. Regenerating skeletal muscle has high levels of mitogenic activity (7). Interestingly, physiologically occurring components such as heparin-like substances and transforming growth factor/~ (TGF/3) can inhibit the action of bFGF on skeletal muscle (14), presenting ...
... in muscle regeneration after injury. Regenerating skeletal muscle has high levels of mitogenic activity (7). Interestingly, physiologically occurring components such as heparin-like substances and transforming growth factor/~ (TGF/3) can inhibit the action of bFGF on skeletal muscle (14), presenting ...
HELICOBACTER PYLORI VacA, A PARADIGM FOR TOXIN
... group insert into the plasma membrane to form pores or channels. Members of a second group are enzymes that catalyse the breakdown of components of the plasma membrane (or, sometimes, components of the extracellular matrix). In both cases, these toxins destabilize the plasma membrane and cause other ...
... group insert into the plasma membrane to form pores or channels. Members of a second group are enzymes that catalyse the breakdown of components of the plasma membrane (or, sometimes, components of the extracellular matrix). In both cases, these toxins destabilize the plasma membrane and cause other ...
FGF signaling controls caudal hindbrain specification through Ras
... vHnf1 operates upstream of FGF signaling in this regulation: vHnf1 not only cooperates with Fgf3 in the induction of Krox20 and MafB , but also regulates Fgf3 expression [1]. Analyses of the Krox20 and MafB regulatory regions in mice have shown that they contain functional vHNF1binding sites, sugges ...
... vHnf1 operates upstream of FGF signaling in this regulation: vHnf1 not only cooperates with Fgf3 in the induction of Krox20 and MafB , but also regulates Fgf3 expression [1]. Analyses of the Krox20 and MafB regulatory regions in mice have shown that they contain functional vHNF1binding sites, sugges ...
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... rudiments or transfilter cultures where the epithelial and mesenchymal tissues have been separated. In transfilter cultures the epithelial ureteric bud is usually replaced by spinal cord tissue which is another potent inducer of kidney tubules (Grobstein, 1955, 1956). It has been shown that kidney t ...
... rudiments or transfilter cultures where the epithelial and mesenchymal tissues have been separated. In transfilter cultures the epithelial ureteric bud is usually replaced by spinal cord tissue which is another potent inducer of kidney tubules (Grobstein, 1955, 1956). It has been shown that kidney t ...
Research and Development
... due to the insoluble formazan product. A recently developed tetrazolium dye (2,3)-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)(2H)-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) which reacts with superoxide radicals to produce a soluble formazan product was initially employed in the development of the assay as indicated ...
... due to the insoluble formazan product. A recently developed tetrazolium dye (2,3)-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)(2H)-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) which reacts with superoxide radicals to produce a soluble formazan product was initially employed in the development of the assay as indicated ...
Effects of nitric oxide on red blood cell deformability
... both acetylcholine (ACh) and the NO donor spermineNONOate improve RBC deformability and suggest that the effect of ACh may be due to induced NO synthesis mediated by M1-type ACh receptors on the RBC membrane. Chronic inhibition of NOS by Nnitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) has been found to sig ...
... both acetylcholine (ACh) and the NO donor spermineNONOate improve RBC deformability and suggest that the effect of ACh may be due to induced NO synthesis mediated by M1-type ACh receptors on the RBC membrane. Chronic inhibition of NOS by Nnitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) has been found to sig ...
Combinatorial signals from the neural tube, floor plate and
... vivo. In different species, the order in which the myogenic bHLH factors are expressed differs; however, in all species examined, at least one member of this gene family is expressed in the early somite prior to its morphological segregation into dermatome, myotome and sclerotome (discussed in Bucki ...
... vivo. In different species, the order in which the myogenic bHLH factors are expressed differs; however, in all species examined, at least one member of this gene family is expressed in the early somite prior to its morphological segregation into dermatome, myotome and sclerotome (discussed in Bucki ...
Antibodies produced in vitro in the detection of periodontal bacteria
... 2014). However, P. gingivalis can degrade serum IgA antibodies as an evasion strategy to survive within the host (Sato et al., 1987). Several studies have also suggested that elevated serum antibody levels in patients with periodontitis, correlating to alveolar bone loss, are a key factor associated ...
... 2014). However, P. gingivalis can degrade serum IgA antibodies as an evasion strategy to survive within the host (Sato et al., 1987). Several studies have also suggested that elevated serum antibody levels in patients with periodontitis, correlating to alveolar bone loss, are a key factor associated ...
Mechanisms for the Carcinostatic Activity of Se
... In 1973 the author suggested that the anticarcinogenic effects of selenium might be related to a stimulation of the immune system. This was based upon the experimental observation that dietary supplementation with selenite22 or injected selenium and/or Vitamin E enhanced the production of antibodies ...
... In 1973 the author suggested that the anticarcinogenic effects of selenium might be related to a stimulation of the immune system. This was based upon the experimental observation that dietary supplementation with selenite22 or injected selenium and/or Vitamin E enhanced the production of antibodies ...
Complex Degradation Processes Lead to Non
... framework, into which one can incorporate additional molecular details about specific degradation mechanisms. Experimentally, the decay patterns are often determined by the measurement of the decaying average amount of each mRNA species at steady state expression, in a cell culture after the interru ...
... framework, into which one can incorporate additional molecular details about specific degradation mechanisms. Experimentally, the decay patterns are often determined by the measurement of the decaying average amount of each mRNA species at steady state expression, in a cell culture after the interru ...
Review Role of a novel photopigment, melanopsin, in behavioral
... tropism of the AAV2 serotype of adeno-associated virus for melanopsin-containing RGCs [33] and from immunostaining for axonal projections of PACAP-expressing RGCs [34]. Results from these experiments have been extensively discussed in a recent manuscript [35] and a review [36], and will only be sum ...
... tropism of the AAV2 serotype of adeno-associated virus for melanopsin-containing RGCs [33] and from immunostaining for axonal projections of PACAP-expressing RGCs [34]. Results from these experiments have been extensively discussed in a recent manuscript [35] and a review [36], and will only be sum ...
Assembling Neural Crest Regulatory Circuits into a Gene
... A gene regulatory network (GRN) model (a view from all nuclei) that maps vertebrate hierarchical gene regulatory interactions during cranial neural crest cell (CNCC) development. The model is built using the BioTapestry software (Longabaugh et al. 2009). The GRN is partitioned into subnetworks that ...
... A gene regulatory network (GRN) model (a view from all nuclei) that maps vertebrate hierarchical gene regulatory interactions during cranial neural crest cell (CNCC) development. The model is built using the BioTapestry software (Longabaugh et al. 2009). The GRN is partitioned into subnetworks that ...
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... MBFCNC-2(1) (Malik et al. 2009; Malik 2012). The strain MBF8-1 carried two gtf, whereas strain MBF8-2 exhibited one gtf and one ftf. Unique features of these genes were discussed in previous study, and thus generated a challenge for further characterization of the FTF/GTF proteins. The strain MBFCNC ...
... MBFCNC-2(1) (Malik et al. 2009; Malik 2012). The strain MBF8-1 carried two gtf, whereas strain MBF8-2 exhibited one gtf and one ftf. Unique features of these genes were discussed in previous study, and thus generated a challenge for further characterization of the FTF/GTF proteins. The strain MBFCNC ...
Dual role of autophagy in HIV-1 replication and pathogenesis Open Access
... CEM T cells infected with HIV-1NL4-3 [47]. Autophagosomes did not accumulate in CD4+ T cells treated with the drugs 3-MA and AMD3100 (a CXCR4 antagonist). Also described in this study was that the Env-induced autophagy preceded apoptotic cell death (see Autophagy and HIV-1 disease progression). In f ...
... CEM T cells infected with HIV-1NL4-3 [47]. Autophagosomes did not accumulate in CD4+ T cells treated with the drugs 3-MA and AMD3100 (a CXCR4 antagonist). Also described in this study was that the Env-induced autophagy preceded apoptotic cell death (see Autophagy and HIV-1 disease progression). In f ...
Presequence-Independent Manner Transported by the TIM23
... vitro into tom22His mitochondria. Subsequently, mitochondria were solubilized for 30 min in 1% digitonin, 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 0.1 mM EDTA, 50 mM NaCl, 10% (wt/vol) glycerol, and 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). We then added 5% (vol/vol) (bed volume) Ninitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) agar ...
... vitro into tom22His mitochondria. Subsequently, mitochondria were solubilized for 30 min in 1% digitonin, 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 0.1 mM EDTA, 50 mM NaCl, 10% (wt/vol) glycerol, and 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). We then added 5% (vol/vol) (bed volume) Ninitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) agar ...
Worm expulsion and immune response in Muc2 deficient mice
... the host [2,26]. Therefore, the changes in mucin sulphation could alter the protective nature of the mucus ...
... the host [2,26]. Therefore, the changes in mucin sulphation could alter the protective nature of the mucus ...
Glycoproteins with Type Common and Type Specific Antigenic Sites
... either HSV I or HSV 2 release only a few HSV-specified antigens into the extracellular fluid (infected cell released polypeptides-ICRP). Neutralization blocking experiments showed that the majority of antigens/(including the Band II common antigen) involved as target sites in antibody-mediated virus ...
... either HSV I or HSV 2 release only a few HSV-specified antigens into the extracellular fluid (infected cell released polypeptides-ICRP). Neutralization blocking experiments showed that the majority of antigens/(including the Band II common antigen) involved as target sites in antibody-mediated virus ...
bearded-ear Encodes a MADS Box Transcription
... binds DNA, the K-domain is involved in protein-protein interactions, the C terminus also contributes to protein–protein interactions, and some MADS box proteins harbor a transcriptional activation domain (Fan et al., 1997; Honma and Goto, 2001). The quartet model has been proposed to explain the mol ...
... binds DNA, the K-domain is involved in protein-protein interactions, the C terminus also contributes to protein–protein interactions, and some MADS box proteins harbor a transcriptional activation domain (Fan et al., 1997; Honma and Goto, 2001). The quartet model has been proposed to explain the mol ...