The basic helix–loop–helix protein BETA2 interacts with p300 to
... Members of the basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors activate expression of tissue-specific genes in several developmental systems including the myogenic cascade and B-cell differentiation. The bHLH transcription factor BETA2 plays an important role in the development and dif ...
... Members of the basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors activate expression of tissue-specific genes in several developmental systems including the myogenic cascade and B-cell differentiation. The bHLH transcription factor BETA2 plays an important role in the development and dif ...
Proliferation and morphogenesis of the ER driven by the membrane
... 1S:GFP and 2:GFP induce biogenesis of ER aggregates, but 1L:GFP is retained in the ER network ...
... 1S:GFP and 2:GFP induce biogenesis of ER aggregates, but 1L:GFP is retained in the ER network ...
Integrative genomics analysis identifies
... nuclear structures such as nuclear lamina and nucleoli (9-13). These interactions are likely to influence the compartmentalization of the nuclear space into functionally-related domains which brings widely separated genetic loci into close, spatially-defined proximity. Therefore, deeper mechanistic ...
... nuclear structures such as nuclear lamina and nucleoli (9-13). These interactions are likely to influence the compartmentalization of the nuclear space into functionally-related domains which brings widely separated genetic loci into close, spatially-defined proximity. Therefore, deeper mechanistic ...
Dual-topology membrane proteins Escherichia coli Susanna Seppälä
... division and communication, as well as for energy harvesting processes such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Their importance is reflected by the fact that about a quarter of the genes in a typical organism encode integral membrane proteins (1-3); and that the majority of marketed drugs a ...
... division and communication, as well as for energy harvesting processes such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Their importance is reflected by the fact that about a quarter of the genes in a typical organism encode integral membrane proteins (1-3); and that the majority of marketed drugs a ...
On the origin, evolution, and nature of programmed cell
... The first evidence for the existence of genetic information specific for the control of cell death was provided by pioneering experiments on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans,12,16,65 ± 69 a metazoan whose phylogenic divergence predates ours by several hundred million years and whose body is const ...
... The first evidence for the existence of genetic information specific for the control of cell death was provided by pioneering experiments on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans,12,16,65 ± 69 a metazoan whose phylogenic divergence predates ours by several hundred million years and whose body is const ...
A Calcium-Regulated Gatekeeper in Phloem Sieve Tubes
... Most of these components are arranged along the lateral walls of the sieve element and collectively constitute a system known as the parietal layer (Figure 1). A wide variety of sieve element proteins and plastids have been observed that can be distinguished by genus or family. Behnke (1991a, 1991b) ...
... Most of these components are arranged along the lateral walls of the sieve element and collectively constitute a system known as the parietal layer (Figure 1). A wide variety of sieve element proteins and plastids have been observed that can be distinguished by genus or family. Behnke (1991a, 1991b) ...
1 Sister chromatids are often incompletely cohesed
... occupy considerably distant positions when probed for distinct loci by FISH (Volpi et al. 2001). In Drosophila, in spite of somatic pairing of homologues, chromatin tagging with a recombinant GFP-Lac repressor protein revealed regular sister chromatid separation at the tagged locus during mid-G2 bef ...
... occupy considerably distant positions when probed for distinct loci by FISH (Volpi et al. 2001). In Drosophila, in spite of somatic pairing of homologues, chromatin tagging with a recombinant GFP-Lac repressor protein revealed regular sister chromatid separation at the tagged locus during mid-G2 bef ...
Micromechanical studies of mitotic chromosomes
... diameter, possibly with a helical structure. However, little else about supranucleosomal organization (‘higherorder chromatin structure’) is solidly understood. This is a result of the relative softness of chromatin fiber, which leads to chromatin’s apparent flexible-polymer properties (Cui and Bustam ...
... diameter, possibly with a helical structure. However, little else about supranucleosomal organization (‘higherorder chromatin structure’) is solidly understood. This is a result of the relative softness of chromatin fiber, which leads to chromatin’s apparent flexible-polymer properties (Cui and Bustam ...
Inducers of Plant Systemic Acquired Resistance Regulate NPR1
... Monomeriza5on of NPR1 might be sufficient for its nulcear accumula5ons Q: What would you predict that will happen to the mutants with cons5tuent monomeric npr1Cys-‐GFP? An ...
... Monomeriza5on of NPR1 might be sufficient for its nulcear accumula5ons Q: What would you predict that will happen to the mutants with cons5tuent monomeric npr1Cys-‐GFP? An ...
Dynamic balance between vesicle transport and
... they need to be back transported. Thus, coat protein A also binds membrane proteins that are involved in anterograde transport and coat protein B membrane proteins that are involved in retrograde transport, though with a lower affinity (Table 2). In contrast to the original Henrich and Rappaport mod ...
... they need to be back transported. Thus, coat protein A also binds membrane proteins that are involved in anterograde transport and coat protein B membrane proteins that are involved in retrograde transport, though with a lower affinity (Table 2). In contrast to the original Henrich and Rappaport mod ...
The Cranial Nerves
... ganglion翼腭神经节 and submandibular ganglion下颌下 神经节. The postganglionic fibers supply lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands. ...
... ganglion翼腭神经节 and submandibular ganglion下颌下 神经节. The postganglionic fibers supply lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands. ...
A C-terminus Mitochondrial-localization Region and BH3 Domain of
... Merwin, Liz A., "A C-terminus Mitochondrial-localization Region and BH3 Domain of Puma are Required for Apoptotic Function" (2013). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. Paper 1283. ...
... Merwin, Liz A., "A C-terminus Mitochondrial-localization Region and BH3 Domain of Puma are Required for Apoptotic Function" (2013). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. Paper 1283. ...
A model for regulation of mammalian ribosomal DNA transcription
... In mammalian cells, ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) are copied about 200-500 times in tandem arrays of repeated units (Long & Dawid, 1980; Hadjiolov, 1985). Each unit consists of a 13 kbp region that is transcribed into a large precursor rRNA molecule, and the surrounding 'non-transcribed spacer' (NTS) r ...
... In mammalian cells, ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) are copied about 200-500 times in tandem arrays of repeated units (Long & Dawid, 1980; Hadjiolov, 1985). Each unit consists of a 13 kbp region that is transcribed into a large precursor rRNA molecule, and the surrounding 'non-transcribed spacer' (NTS) r ...
The Cranial Nerves
... submandibular ganglion下颌下神经节. The postganglionic fibers supply lacrimal泪腺, submandibular下颌下腺 and sublingual glands舌下腺. Special visceral afferent fiber: fiber from taste buds of anterior 2/3 of tongue which cell bodies are in the geniculate ganglion 膝节 of the facial nerve and end the nucleus of solit ...
... submandibular ganglion下颌下神经节. The postganglionic fibers supply lacrimal泪腺, submandibular下颌下腺 and sublingual glands舌下腺. Special visceral afferent fiber: fiber from taste buds of anterior 2/3 of tongue which cell bodies are in the geniculate ganglion 膝节 of the facial nerve and end the nucleus of solit ...
Single-molecule insights into mRNA
... cis-acting sequences or targeting elements that confer subcellular localization [31–35] (reviewed in [36]). These elements, typically located within the 30 untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNA, interact with RBPs and other proteins to form messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes that are trans ...
... cis-acting sequences or targeting elements that confer subcellular localization [31–35] (reviewed in [36]). These elements, typically located within the 30 untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNA, interact with RBPs and other proteins to form messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes that are trans ...
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF NFκB
... I would like to extend thanks to my advisor, Louisa Wu, for her support and guidance during the last few years. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Lian Yong Gao and Dr. Leslie Pick, for their advice on my research and writing. The members (past and present) of the Wu lab hav ...
... I would like to extend thanks to my advisor, Louisa Wu, for her support and guidance during the last few years. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Lian Yong Gao and Dr. Leslie Pick, for their advice on my research and writing. The members (past and present) of the Wu lab hav ...
Characterising Non-Structural Protein NS4 of African Horse Sickness Virus
... Inside this shell, the ten genome segments are arranged in three layers of RNA that surround the transcription complexes [12–14] consisting of the three minor proteins VP1 (polymerase), VP4 (capping enzyme) and VP6 (helicase) [15–17]. Viral replication and assembly of new core particles occur in cyt ...
... Inside this shell, the ten genome segments are arranged in three layers of RNA that surround the transcription complexes [12–14] consisting of the three minor proteins VP1 (polymerase), VP4 (capping enzyme) and VP6 (helicase) [15–17]. Viral replication and assembly of new core particles occur in cyt ...
Chloroplast structure: from chlorophyll granules to supra
... of von Mohl’s chlorophyll granules. Thus, the term ‘plastid’ was introduced by A.F.W. Schimper in 1883 as a substitute for chlorophyll granule, and the term ‘grana’ was coined the same year by A. Meyer to describe the dense, dot-like structures embedded in the semi-transparent material called ‘strom ...
... of von Mohl’s chlorophyll granules. Thus, the term ‘plastid’ was introduced by A.F.W. Schimper in 1883 as a substitute for chlorophyll granule, and the term ‘grana’ was coined the same year by A. Meyer to describe the dense, dot-like structures embedded in the semi-transparent material called ‘strom ...
Characterization of the ftsYEX operon of Escherichia coli
... the unicellular organism. Composed of phospholipids, these bilayers are boundaries between "in" and "out", presenting a selective barrier to the potential harm of an external environment while remaining permeable to the elements essential for life also present in that environment. New membranes must ...
... the unicellular organism. Composed of phospholipids, these bilayers are boundaries between "in" and "out", presenting a selective barrier to the potential harm of an external environment while remaining permeable to the elements essential for life also present in that environment. New membranes must ...
RNA helicase DDX19 stabilizes ribosomal elongation and
... in the cell has immediate negative effects on protein biosynthesis. It is important to note that the cellular concentration of eRF3 does not influence the rate of translation (a 60% decrease had no significant effect). These data confirm the important role of Dbp5 during translation in yeast. More r ...
... in the cell has immediate negative effects on protein biosynthesis. It is important to note that the cellular concentration of eRF3 does not influence the rate of translation (a 60% decrease had no significant effect). These data confirm the important role of Dbp5 during translation in yeast. More r ...
Signals from the lysosome: a control centre for cellular clearance
... through specific endocytic mechanisms according to the nature of the cargo. Prominent examples of endocytosis are phagocytosis, macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolin-mediated endocytosis and clathrinand caveolin-independent endocytosis50. Signalling receptors may undergo endocyto ...
... through specific endocytic mechanisms according to the nature of the cargo. Prominent examples of endocytosis are phagocytosis, macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolin-mediated endocytosis and clathrinand caveolin-independent endocytosis50. Signalling receptors may undergo endocyto ...
Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia with all
... also matched the philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM): transforming a bad element into a good one was better than simply eliminating the element. Nonetheless, to translate this idea into a treatment strategy represented a great challenge. A breakthrough was made in the 1970s by Sachs et ...
... also matched the philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM): transforming a bad element into a good one was better than simply eliminating the element. Nonetheless, to translate this idea into a treatment strategy represented a great challenge. A breakthrough was made in the 1970s by Sachs et ...
PicoPure RNA Isolation Kit
... LightCycler (Roche). Quantifiable message can be detected from a single cell, and the fluorescence signal is proportional to the cell number for all samples studied. ...
... LightCycler (Roche). Quantifiable message can be detected from a single cell, and the fluorescence signal is proportional to the cell number for all samples studied. ...
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many.Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole.Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus, which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.