Characterization of the Nucleolar Gene Product, Treacle, in Treacher Collins Syndrome
... caused by mutations in the gene TCOF1. Its gene product, treacle, consists mainly of a central repeat domain, which shows it to be structurally related to the nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp140. Treacle remains mostly uncharacterized to date. Herein we show that it, like Nopp140, is a highly phosphory ...
... caused by mutations in the gene TCOF1. Its gene product, treacle, consists mainly of a central repeat domain, which shows it to be structurally related to the nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp140. Treacle remains mostly uncharacterized to date. Herein we show that it, like Nopp140, is a highly phosphory ...
Centromere Stability: The Replication Connection
... clr4∆ affect other heterochromatin domains in the cell, chp1∆ phenotypes appear centromere-specific, although the protein is associated with other regions Figure 1 [79,80]. 3.2. Early Replication in the Centromere The pericentromere contains numerous replication origins, which overlap with the trans ...
... clr4∆ affect other heterochromatin domains in the cell, chp1∆ phenotypes appear centromere-specific, although the protein is associated with other regions Figure 1 [79,80]. 3.2. Early Replication in the Centromere The pericentromere contains numerous replication origins, which overlap with the trans ...
- Wiley Online Library
... the p53HupKIS46A/HupKIS46A humanized protein showed defects in target gene transactivation and apoptosis [31]. Taken together, these studies suggest that Ser 46 phosphorylation on p53 is an important cell fate determinant favouring p53-dependent transcriptional activation of pro-apoptotic target gen ...
... the p53HupKIS46A/HupKIS46A humanized protein showed defects in target gene transactivation and apoptosis [31]. Taken together, these studies suggest that Ser 46 phosphorylation on p53 is an important cell fate determinant favouring p53-dependent transcriptional activation of pro-apoptotic target gen ...
Excitatory Mechanisms in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: The Role of
... electrical activity, secretion, and gene expression (reviewed by Gillette 1997). Previous studies suggest that the basic mechanism responsible for the generation of these rhythms is intrinsic to individual cells in the SCN (Welsh et al. 1995) and perhaps in other cell types (Balsalobre et al. 1998). ...
... electrical activity, secretion, and gene expression (reviewed by Gillette 1997). Previous studies suggest that the basic mechanism responsible for the generation of these rhythms is intrinsic to individual cells in the SCN (Welsh et al. 1995) and perhaps in other cell types (Balsalobre et al. 1998). ...
PureYield™ RNA Midiprep System Technical Manual
... Provided for reference. An approximate wet weight of all muscle types is not given. ...
... Provided for reference. An approximate wet weight of all muscle types is not given. ...
4. The Brain or Encephalon
... of the medulla oblongata and pass to different parts of the brain; (4) the gray substance, which in the medulla spinalis forms a continuous Hshaped column, becomes greatly modified and subdivided in the medulla oblongata, where also new masses of gray substance are added; (5) on account of the open ...
... of the medulla oblongata and pass to different parts of the brain; (4) the gray substance, which in the medulla spinalis forms a continuous Hshaped column, becomes greatly modified and subdivided in the medulla oblongata, where also new masses of gray substance are added; (5) on account of the open ...
Protein targeting, translocation and Escherichia coli Proteomic analysis of substrate-pathway relationships
... group of another. The specific combination and linear arrangement of amino acids are unique for each protein and encoded in the DNA. To form a functional protein, the polypeptide chain has to “fold” into a three dimensional structure in which all atoms are organized to form energetically ...
... group of another. The specific combination and linear arrangement of amino acids are unique for each protein and encoded in the DNA. To form a functional protein, the polypeptide chain has to “fold” into a three dimensional structure in which all atoms are organized to form energetically ...
A three-stage model of Golgi structure and function
... and Hauri 1997). Each class of cisterna is considered to house a different set of processing enzymes. This model has some experimental support. For example, a study of the yeast pro-a-factor mating pheromone precursor tracked sequential processing by four Golgi enzymes, and the Sec18/NSF vesicle fus ...
... and Hauri 1997). Each class of cisterna is considered to house a different set of processing enzymes. This model has some experimental support. For example, a study of the yeast pro-a-factor mating pheromone precursor tracked sequential processing by four Golgi enzymes, and the Sec18/NSF vesicle fus ...
Drosophila Xpd Regulates Cdk7 Localization, Mitotic Kinase
... Making embryos that specifically lack Xpd Direct testing of potential cell cycle functions of xpd in the absence of a transcriptional requirement should be possible if we can make young preblastoderm embryos that lack Xpd. During the rapid nuclear divisions of the preblastoderm stage, embryonic tran ...
... Making embryos that specifically lack Xpd Direct testing of potential cell cycle functions of xpd in the absence of a transcriptional requirement should be possible if we can make young preblastoderm embryos that lack Xpd. During the rapid nuclear divisions of the preblastoderm stage, embryonic tran ...
Costes et al.
... interactions, which does not have the limitations of the above methods, but still requires live samples. It evaluates binding kinetics of a protein by measuring the rate of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (McNally et al., 2000) and interpreting slow recovery as the signature of bound prot ...
... interactions, which does not have the limitations of the above methods, but still requires live samples. It evaluates binding kinetics of a protein by measuring the rate of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (McNally et al., 2000) and interpreting slow recovery as the signature of bound prot ...
Bone morphogenetic protein 4: a ventralizing factor
... TGF-/S family. One strong candidate for a TGF-/S-like natural inducing factor is the protein product of Vgl, a vegetally localised maternal mRNA whose sequence is most closely related to the bone morphogenetic proteins (Rebagliati et al., 1985; Weeks and Melton 1987). However, there is no evidence t ...
... TGF-/S family. One strong candidate for a TGF-/S-like natural inducing factor is the protein product of Vgl, a vegetally localised maternal mRNA whose sequence is most closely related to the bone morphogenetic proteins (Rebagliati et al., 1985; Weeks and Melton 1987). However, there is no evidence t ...
TFIIH Plays an Essential Role in RNA Polymerase I Transcription
... TIF-IB. When assayed in the presence of TIF-IBIIH, however, transcriptional activity of TFIIH-deficient Pol I compared to that of Pol IIIH, indicating that specific Pol I transcription requires the presence of TFIIH. As a second approach to compare the activity of TFIIH-deficient and TFIIH-containin ...
... TIF-IB. When assayed in the presence of TIF-IBIIH, however, transcriptional activity of TFIIH-deficient Pol I compared to that of Pol IIIH, indicating that specific Pol I transcription requires the presence of TFIIH. As a second approach to compare the activity of TFIIH-deficient and TFIIH-containin ...
The mitochondrial compartment - Plant Mitochondrial dynamics
... slot-like crista junctions have been measured at up to 200 nm, although the average length is 30–40 nm (Frey et al., 2002; Perkins et al., 1997a). The number of crista junctions and the morphology of the intercristal space have been shown to change with the metabolic state of the mitochondria (Hacke ...
... slot-like crista junctions have been measured at up to 200 nm, although the average length is 30–40 nm (Frey et al., 2002; Perkins et al., 1997a). The number of crista junctions and the morphology of the intercristal space have been shown to change with the metabolic state of the mitochondria (Hacke ...
N o v e l s ite s o... Johan Ohlson
... The most prominent sites of selective A-to-I editing have been found in the mRNA coding for glutamate receptor subunit B (GluR-B). There are at least two sites that are edited selectively in the coding region of the GluR-B transcript, the Q/R site that causes a glutamine (Q) to arginine (R) codon ch ...
... The most prominent sites of selective A-to-I editing have been found in the mRNA coding for glutamate receptor subunit B (GluR-B). There are at least two sites that are edited selectively in the coding region of the GluR-B transcript, the Q/R site that causes a glutamine (Q) to arginine (R) codon ch ...
Compaction and segregation of sister chromatids via active loop
... One hypothesis of how condensins can generate compaction without crosslinking of topologically distinct chromosomes is that they bind to two nearby points and then slide to generate a progressively larger loop (Nasmyth, 2001). This ’loop extrusion’ process creates an array of consecutive loops in in ...
... One hypothesis of how condensins can generate compaction without crosslinking of topologically distinct chromosomes is that they bind to two nearby points and then slide to generate a progressively larger loop (Nasmyth, 2001). This ’loop extrusion’ process creates an array of consecutive loops in in ...
Autoregulation of Actin Synthesis by Physiological
... emission wavelengths were 542 and 563 nm. Cellular protein was determined according to Bradford (21) in parallely cultured hepato^ cytes lysed in the presence of 5 g/1 Triton X-100. Data were expressed as ng rhodamine-phalloidin per mg cellular protein. In addition, the ratio of filamentous to non-f ...
... emission wavelengths were 542 and 563 nm. Cellular protein was determined according to Bradford (21) in parallely cultured hepato^ cytes lysed in the presence of 5 g/1 Triton X-100. Data were expressed as ng rhodamine-phalloidin per mg cellular protein. In addition, the ratio of filamentous to non-f ...
A Review of Centriole Activity, and Wrongful Activity, during Cell
... Following centriole duplication and separation into two pair, the younger pair moves around the nucleus to the opposite side. While this is occurring, the nuclear membrane begins to soften. The centrioles at the opposite sides of the nucleus then begin to pull the nucleus apart. As the nucleus is be ...
... Following centriole duplication and separation into two pair, the younger pair moves around the nucleus to the opposite side. While this is occurring, the nuclear membrane begins to soften. The centrioles at the opposite sides of the nucleus then begin to pull the nucleus apart. As the nucleus is be ...
Mechanisms of plasmid stable maintenance with special
... much more stable than the antidote. This can be shown by provoking synchronous plasmid curing by inhibiting plasmid replication without affecting cell growth and division (Jensen et al., 1995). The antidote prevents the lethal action of its cognate toxin by forming a tight complex with it. So, as lo ...
... much more stable than the antidote. This can be shown by provoking synchronous plasmid curing by inhibiting plasmid replication without affecting cell growth and division (Jensen et al., 1995). The antidote prevents the lethal action of its cognate toxin by forming a tight complex with it. So, as lo ...
Pericentriolar material structure and dynamics
... situations. Overexpression of PCNT or CDK5RAP2 has been shown to artificially promote PCM expansion in interphasearrested mammalian tissue culture cells. These hypertrophic centrosomes recruit a small amount of g-tubulin and NEDD1, indicating that they are similar, but not identical, to normal mitot ...
... situations. Overexpression of PCNT or CDK5RAP2 has been shown to artificially promote PCM expansion in interphasearrested mammalian tissue culture cells. These hypertrophic centrosomes recruit a small amount of g-tubulin and NEDD1, indicating that they are similar, but not identical, to normal mitot ...
Mitochondrial Dynamics
... history of the organelle. Mitochondria are descended from a-proteobacteria (Zimmer 2009; see also Chap. 1), and studies of extant species, such as Escherichia coli, show that cytokinesis is carried out by proteins such as filamentous temperaturesensitive Z (FtsZ), a bacterial tubulin homologue (Bi a ...
... history of the organelle. Mitochondria are descended from a-proteobacteria (Zimmer 2009; see also Chap. 1), and studies of extant species, such as Escherichia coli, show that cytokinesis is carried out by proteins such as filamentous temperaturesensitive Z (FtsZ), a bacterial tubulin homologue (Bi a ...
Contribution of microtubule growth polarity and flux to spindle
... or perpendicular to the spindle axis (xt-plot, Fig. 3A), from the time-lapse measurements (xyt). Visual inspection of movies and these constructed kymographs revealed that metaphase plant chromosomes (seen as a negative stain) maintained their positions without appreciable movements in x or y direct ...
... or perpendicular to the spindle axis (xt-plot, Fig. 3A), from the time-lapse measurements (xyt). Visual inspection of movies and these constructed kymographs revealed that metaphase plant chromosomes (seen as a negative stain) maintained their positions without appreciable movements in x or y direct ...
Viroids - general characteristics and examples of diseases caused
... RNAs to be discovered in nature. These are the smallest known infectious agents. Potato spindle tuber viroid was the first viroid reported, and it is widely prevalent in different potato growing areas. Citrus exocortis viroid is wide spread in citrus production areas where trifoliate ornage(Poncirus ...
... RNAs to be discovered in nature. These are the smallest known infectious agents. Potato spindle tuber viroid was the first viroid reported, and it is widely prevalent in different potato growing areas. Citrus exocortis viroid is wide spread in citrus production areas where trifoliate ornage(Poncirus ...
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many.Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole.Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus, which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.