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The RING Domain of Mdm2 Can Inhibit Cell
The RING Domain of Mdm2 Can Inhibit Cell

... To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Tumor Cell Biology, DTRT 5006C, Mail Stop 350, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105. Phone: (901) 495-3481/3597; Fax: (901) 495-2381; E-mail: [email protected] ...
Lipolysis Exposes Unreactive Endogenous Apolipoprotein E-3
Lipolysis Exposes Unreactive Endogenous Apolipoprotein E-3

... lipolyzed '251-VLDL was determined by SDS-PAGE and the lipoproteins were used for cell metabolism studies according to their apo B- 100 content. Apo B-100 mass in the VLDLs was derived from radioactivity counts in apo B and the specific activity ofVLDL-apoproteins. Degrees of lipolysis were calculat ...
Mcm10: A Dynamic Scaffold at Eukaryotic Replication Forks
Mcm10: A Dynamic Scaffold at Eukaryotic Replication Forks

... human Mcm10 was able to functionally complement a mcm10 mutant in budding yeast [35,45,46]. These observations imply that despite its conserved structure and role in DNA replication, it is important to determine organism specific details of Mcm10 function. Finally, Mcm10 homologs have not been found ...
www.drmichaellevin.org
www.drmichaellevin.org

... made at st. 4 were immediately fixed and hybridized to a probe to cBra. The expression pattern shows (Fig. 2C) that such explants do indeed contain mesodermal precursors. Having established the presence of mesodermal precursors in explants, it was necessary to show that they are present in sufficien ...
Diversity in the sialic acids - Department of Cellular and Molecular
Diversity in the sialic acids - Department of Cellular and Molecular

... attention to the different types of sialic acids and the interrelationships between them. However, interest in these complexities subsequently waned and unpublished 'folk-lore' had it that modified sialic acids were species-specific curiosities found only in a few tissues, such as erythrocytes and s ...
Auxin and Ethylene Response Interactions during Arabidopsis Root
Auxin and Ethylene Response Interactions during Arabidopsis Root

... grew longer compared with wild-type roots (Figs. 1A and 4A), but the length of root hairs in this mutant was extremely short (Figs. 3, a and e, 1B, and 4B), as observed previously by Pitts et al. (1998). ein2-1 roots grown in the presence of CSI had fewer root hairbearing cells and shorter root hair ...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces a rapid dephosphorylation
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces a rapid dephosphorylation

... in Fig. 1A. Figure 1B and C shows that BDNF treatment induces dephosphorylation of tau protein at all the phosphorylation sites examined, except for the site recognized by AT270. Because the antibody Tau1 recognizes a non-phosphorylated tau epitope, Tau1 levels increased upon stimulation with BDNF. ...
Leukotriene B4 Triggers the In Vitro and In Vivo
Leukotriene B4 Triggers the In Vitro and In Vivo

... released from LTB4-activated PMN have identified several antimicrobial proteins, including ␣-defensins, cathepsin G, elastase, lysozyme C, and LL-37, that are likely to participate in the killing of microorganisms. In addition to these in vitro observations, i.v. injections of LTB4 (50 ␮g/kg) to mon ...
Platelet surface glutathione reductase-like activity
Platelet surface glutathione reductase-like activity

... of glutathione, mostly in the reduced form. Plasma contains only 8 to 25 ␮M glutathione,1-6 also predominantly in the reduced form. This contrasts with other low-molecular-weight thiols that are mostly in disulfide forms.2,6 Plasma glutathione levels and GSH/ glutathione disulfide (GSSG) ratios in p ...
Roles of Naturally Occurring Bacteria in Controlling Iodine
Roles of Naturally Occurring Bacteria in Controlling Iodine

... I would like to express my greatest appreciation to my committee chairs, Dr. Robin Brinkmeyer and Dr. Peter Santschi, not only for their generosity and support, but also for allowing me to be part of the family in Laboratory of Oceanographic and Environmental Research. Their guidance, encouragement, ...
The Populus homeobox gene ARBORKNOX2 regulates
The Populus homeobox gene ARBORKNOX2 regulates

... Compared with the cambium, the regulation of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) is increasingly well understood (Williams and Fletcher, 2005; Scheres, 2007). Class-I KNOX transcription factors are well characterized for their roles in regulating the SAM. The Arabidopsis class-I KNOX homeobox gene SHOOT ...
dr. arvind`s biology classes
dr. arvind`s biology classes

... d) None of these Ans. (b) 90. Which organelle is absent in human sperm? a) ER b) Nucleus c) Centriole d) Mitochondria Ans. (a) 91. Middle piece of sperm contains: a) mitochondria and Golgi body b) centriole and Golgi body c) axial filament and Golgi body d) mitochondria and axial filament Ans. (d) 9 ...
DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE Tbx5 is required for forelimb bud
DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE Tbx5 is required for forelimb bud

... PCR analysis to genotype pup tail and embryonic material (E10, 30 somites) was carried out in a single reaction using three primers that identify the endogenous Tbx5 allele, and both the conditional (floxed) and deleted (floxed-out) Tbx5 allele (Bruneau et al., 2001). Retrovirus production and infec ...
Life and death of transcriptional co
Life and death of transcriptional co

... cytoplasmic protein aggregates or to deliver them for disposal p300 modification and metabolic stability in epigenetic regulathrough the alternative autophagosome pathway. Many nuclear tion, and shed molecular insights into the roles of cellular trafproteins including p300 are substrate of aggresome ...
PDF
PDF

... PP4 and PP2A regulate Hedgehog signaling by controlling Smo and Ci phosphorylation Hongge Jia, Yajuan Liu, Wei Yan and Jianhang Jia* The seven-transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo) and Zn-finger transcription factor Ci/Gli are crucial components in Hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction that mediates a ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
View PDF - CiteSeerX

... been shown to interfere with GR-mediated activation at micromolar concentrations (Schuetz and Guzelian, 1984; Schuetz et al., 1984). Thus, the LBD of PXR.1 was efficaciously activated by both agonists and antagonists of the GR. Notably, the GAL4-PXR.2 chimera displayed a much more restricted activat ...
LEFT-HANDED Z-DNA: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
LEFT-HANDED Z-DNA: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

... that Z-DNA forms in vivo, and that this occurs as a result of transcription. One approach is to detect Z-DNA using chemical modification of DNA. Through use of either osmium tetroxide or potassium permanganate, the formation within E. coli of Z-DNA in plasmids with a d(CG)n insert can be demonstrate ...
Bioconjug. Chem. 2013, DOI: 10.1021/bc400032x
Bioconjug. Chem. 2013, DOI: 10.1021/bc400032x

... ABSTRACT: The therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine is severely compromised due to its rapid plasma metabolism. Moreover, its hydrophilicity poses a challenge for its efficient entrapment in nanosized delivery systems and to provide a sustained release profile. In this study, gemcitabine was covalently con ...
Engineering and genetic approaches to modulating the
Engineering and genetic approaches to modulating the

... ROOTMERISTEMLESS1 mutant (rml1) which has less than 2% of the wild-type GSH levels have shown that without GSH root meristem cells arrest in G1 (Cheng et al. 1995, Vernoux et al. 2000). This mutation only affects post-embryonic root development, and while overall the roots are shorter, the cell file ...
The Role of Scleraxis in Heart Valve Development and Disease
The Role of Scleraxis in Heart Valve Development and Disease

... activator/repressor Twist1, however conclude that Twist1 does not bind to or transcriptionally regulate Scx. We also show that Scx is increased in a MFS mouse model of MMVD, and overexpression can promote myxomatous phenotypes in otherwise normal human mitral valve interstitial cells. Using this mod ...
Coordination of Hox identity between germ layers along the anterior
Coordination of Hox identity between germ layers along the anterior

... During early embryonic development, a relatively undifferentiated mass of cells is shaped into a complex and morphologically differentiated embryo. This is achieved by a series of coordinated cell movements that end up in the formation of the three germ layers of most metazoans and the establishment ...
Auxin coordinates cell division and cell fate specification during
Auxin coordinates cell division and cell fate specification during

... In the above paragraphs we referred to some of the possible signalling pathways that could link auxin to the molecular regulation of cell cycle. However, on top of this complexity, it could be that some auxin responses are confined to certain stages of the cell cycle or in other words that cells mig ...
Auxin coordinates cell division and cell fate specification during
Auxin coordinates cell division and cell fate specification during

... In the above paragraphs we referred to some of the possible signalling pathways that could link auxin to the molecular regulation of cell cycle. However, on top of this complexity, it could be that some auxin responses are confined to certain stages of the cell cycle or in other words that cells mig ...
- Gastroenterology
- Gastroenterology

... assumed because trypsin mutations are the most common autosomal-dominant changes associated with pancreatitis.1–3 In the absence of enterokinase in the pancreas, other mechanisms must be operative through which a premature and intrapancreatic activation of trypsinogen can be initiated. One of the be ...
Euglena gracilis ascorbate peroxidase forms an intramolecular
Euglena gracilis ascorbate peroxidase forms an intramolecular

... database revealed approx. 38–54 % sequence identity with APX proteins from various species. The phylogenetic relationships of various APX proteins, including Euglena APX, were determined by constructing an unrooted tree using the ClustalW program (Figure 2). This suggested that the two Euglena APX d ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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