Intermediate Filaments Regulate Tissue Size and Stiffness in the
... age might have had significant effects on lens stiffness and resilience, we incorporated morphometric and age data into the statistical models used to evaluate the effect of genotype on these two mechanical properties. The models used were mixed general linear models that used type III sums of squar ...
... age might have had significant effects on lens stiffness and resilience, we incorporated morphometric and age data into the statistical models used to evaluate the effect of genotype on these two mechanical properties. The models used were mixed general linear models that used type III sums of squar ...
Nicotinamidase modulation of NAD biosynthesis and nicotinamide
... 2007). Nampt mediated reduction in NAM levels is also implicated in mediating Nampt effects (Fulco et al., 2008). However, the relative importance of increases in NAD+ biosynthesis versus decreases in NAM levels to the biological activity of nicotinamidase and Nampt are still not well understood. Fu ...
... 2007). Nampt mediated reduction in NAM levels is also implicated in mediating Nampt effects (Fulco et al., 2008). However, the relative importance of increases in NAD+ biosynthesis versus decreases in NAM levels to the biological activity of nicotinamidase and Nampt are still not well understood. Fu ...
G PROTEIN βγ SUBUNITS
... subunits vary between 35 and 39 kDa. If all Gβ and Gγ pairs could form, the number of potential Gβγ subunit pairs would exceed the known number of Gα s by a factor of three. While it appears that most pairs can indeed form, there are exceptions (16–19). For example, the Gβ1 subunit can combine with ...
... subunits vary between 35 and 39 kDa. If all Gβ and Gγ pairs could form, the number of potential Gβγ subunit pairs would exceed the known number of Gα s by a factor of three. While it appears that most pairs can indeed form, there are exceptions (16–19). For example, the Gβ1 subunit can combine with ...
Lagging Strand Synthesis and Genomic Stability
... MacNeill, 2001; Kang et al., 2010). Displacement DNA synthesis by Pol generates flap structures, which can be substrates for Dna2 and Fen1 endonuclease activities (Bae & Seo, 2000). For the convenience sake, all enzymes (Pol , PCNA, RFC, RPA, Fen1, RNase H, Dna2, and DNA ligase 1) described early ...
... MacNeill, 2001; Kang et al., 2010). Displacement DNA synthesis by Pol generates flap structures, which can be substrates for Dna2 and Fen1 endonuclease activities (Bae & Seo, 2000). For the convenience sake, all enzymes (Pol , PCNA, RFC, RPA, Fen1, RNase H, Dna2, and DNA ligase 1) described early ...
cIAP-1 Controls Innate Immunity to C. pneumoniae Pulmonary
... including XIAP, cIAP-1 and cIAP-2, interact with caspase-3, 7 and 9 and block apoptosis if over expressed in cells [17,18], the function of IAPs in vivo is still unknown. XIAP is probably the only potent direct inhibitor of caspase-3, 7 or 9 [19], but an apoptosis related phenotype has not yet been ...
... including XIAP, cIAP-1 and cIAP-2, interact with caspase-3, 7 and 9 and block apoptosis if over expressed in cells [17,18], the function of IAPs in vivo is still unknown. XIAP is probably the only potent direct inhibitor of caspase-3, 7 or 9 [19], but an apoptosis related phenotype has not yet been ...
Actin Interacting Protein1 and Actin Depolymerizing
... (Figures 2H and 2I). Collectively, these results suggest that the tip growth phenotype in Daip1 is due, in part, to the limited formation and expansion of caulonemal cells. Growth in moss protonemal cells is a combination of directed cell expansion at the cell apex and cell division. Therefore, it i ...
... (Figures 2H and 2I). Collectively, these results suggest that the tip growth phenotype in Daip1 is due, in part, to the limited formation and expansion of caulonemal cells. Growth in moss protonemal cells is a combination of directed cell expansion at the cell apex and cell division. Therefore, it i ...
The Ph1 Locus Suppresses Cdk2-Type Activity during Premeiosis
... each of the replication stages that we categorized, in the presence and absence of Ph1. These whole anther sections typically contain between four and eight meiocytes, surrounded by the tapetal cell layer. The total number of meiocytes scored using 3D images stacks within these anther sections was 6 ...
... each of the replication stages that we categorized, in the presence and absence of Ph1. These whole anther sections typically contain between four and eight meiocytes, surrounded by the tapetal cell layer. The total number of meiocytes scored using 3D images stacks within these anther sections was 6 ...
Cooperation between the RING+B1-B2 and coiled-coil
... of PML expression 48 h after transfection was high (not shown) but became very low or absent after selection, as evaluated by Western blotting of the rare G418-resistant colonies (not shown). These results demonstrates that PML has growth suppressive activity in all the cell lines tested regardless ...
... of PML expression 48 h after transfection was high (not shown) but became very low or absent after selection, as evaluated by Western blotting of the rare G418-resistant colonies (not shown). These results demonstrates that PML has growth suppressive activity in all the cell lines tested regardless ...
The EMBO Journal (2002) 21, 1704–1712
... the MYST domain. In addition to the MYST domain, Tip60 contains a chromodomain at its N-terminus. Chromodomains are found in many chromatin-related proteins, and have been proposed to mediate protein–RNA interaction (Akhtar and Becker, 2001) or binding to methylated lysines (Bannister et al., 2001; ...
... the MYST domain. In addition to the MYST domain, Tip60 contains a chromodomain at its N-terminus. Chromodomains are found in many chromatin-related proteins, and have been proposed to mediate protein–RNA interaction (Akhtar and Becker, 2001) or binding to methylated lysines (Bannister et al., 2001; ...
Neuromodulation of Transduction and Signal
... observing an enhanced taste response. This may have prevented Morimoto and Sato from recording any effects, i.e. the Japanese workers had not waited long enough. Esakov et al. (1983) interpreted this delay as representing the time for taste bud cells to take up 5HT from the injection site, store it ...
... observing an enhanced taste response. This may have prevented Morimoto and Sato from recording any effects, i.e. the Japanese workers had not waited long enough. Esakov et al. (1983) interpreted this delay as representing the time for taste bud cells to take up 5HT from the injection site, store it ...
Apoptotic and Epigenetic Induction of Embryo Failure Following
... The technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was originally conceived in the early twentieth century by developmental biologist Hans Spemann, who sought to understand the process whereby somatic cells specialize during development. During this time he proposed an experiment in which a somat ...
... The technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was originally conceived in the early twentieth century by developmental biologist Hans Spemann, who sought to understand the process whereby somatic cells specialize during development. During this time he proposed an experiment in which a somat ...
The cell biology of lignification in higher plants
... substrates, the sub-cellular deposition sites, the monomeric composition and the cellular autonomy for lignin monomer production. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of lignin biosynthesis and polymerization at the cell biology level. Conclusions The lignification process ...
... substrates, the sub-cellular deposition sites, the monomeric composition and the cellular autonomy for lignin monomer production. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of lignin biosynthesis and polymerization at the cell biology level. Conclusions The lignification process ...
Aberrant mRNA Transcripts and the Nonsense
... findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantcell.org) is: John W.S. Brown ([email protected]). W Online version contains Web-only data. OA Open access articles can be viewed online without a subscription. www.plantcell.o ...
... findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantcell.org) is: John W.S. Brown ([email protected]). W Online version contains Web-only data. OA Open access articles can be viewed online without a subscription. www.plantcell.o ...
Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate NOX 4 anion superoxide
... Several novel enzymes, homologues of gp91phox , one of the two integral membrane proteins making up flavocytochrome b558 and the catalytic unit of the protein complex responsible for the oxidative burst in polymorphonuclear cells, have been identified in mammals [1–4]. The identification of new memb ...
... Several novel enzymes, homologues of gp91phox , one of the two integral membrane proteins making up flavocytochrome b558 and the catalytic unit of the protein complex responsible for the oxidative burst in polymorphonuclear cells, have been identified in mammals [1–4]. The identification of new memb ...
LPAproducing enzyme PAPLA1 regulates hair follicle development
... Recent genetic studies of human hair disorders have suggested a critical role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signalling in hair follicle development, mediated by an LPAproducing enzyme, phosphatidic acid-selective phospholipase A1a (PA-PLA1a, also known as LIPH), and a recently identified LPA recept ...
... Recent genetic studies of human hair disorders have suggested a critical role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signalling in hair follicle development, mediated by an LPAproducing enzyme, phosphatidic acid-selective phospholipase A1a (PA-PLA1a, also known as LIPH), and a recently identified LPA recept ...
The ultrastructure of chilling stress
... (RH) showing several vesicles of the peripheral reticulum (arrows). Figure 1d, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Blue Lake Bush Bean) chloroplast treated for 4 h at 5 °C, 500 mmol photons m2 s-1, and 70% RH. Note lipid accumulations (arrows) and tilted grana stacks. Figure 1e, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, ...
... (RH) showing several vesicles of the peripheral reticulum (arrows). Figure 1d, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Blue Lake Bush Bean) chloroplast treated for 4 h at 5 °C, 500 mmol photons m2 s-1, and 70% RH. Note lipid accumulations (arrows) and tilted grana stacks. Figure 1e, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, ...
... observed (see Britto & Kronzucker 2001; interestingly, the resilience of the half-time parameter across many conditions of NO3– provision is also acknowledged by Siddiqi & Glass). Comparing actual experimental values (from Kronzucker, Glass & Siddiqi 1999) for NO3– influx, half-time, and ‘cytoplasmi ...
Kratsch, H.A . and R.R. Wise. 2000. The ultrastructure of chilling stress. Plant, Cell Environment 23: 337-350.
... (RH) showing several vesicles of the peripheral reticulum (arrows). Figure 1d, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Blue Lake Bush Bean) chloroplast treated for 4 h at 5 °C, 500 mmol photons m2 s-1, and 70% RH. Note lipid accumulations (arrows) and tilted grana stacks. Figure 1e, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, ...
... (RH) showing several vesicles of the peripheral reticulum (arrows). Figure 1d, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Blue Lake Bush Bean) chloroplast treated for 4 h at 5 °C, 500 mmol photons m2 s-1, and 70% RH. Note lipid accumulations (arrows) and tilted grana stacks. Figure 1e, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, ...
Electron Tomographic Analysis of Somatic Cell Plate Formation in
... spatial distribution of the tethered vesicles in the context of a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from ...
... spatial distribution of the tethered vesicles in the context of a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from ...
Pathogenic LRRK2 Mutations Do Not Alter Gene
... modest cutoffs (1.5 fold, p,0.05 after correction for multiple testing) used. In turn, this suggests that mutant LRRK2 does not elicit large changes in steady state mRNA levels within the cell under normal growth conditions. This is in contrast to a recent publication studying a series of mononuclea ...
... modest cutoffs (1.5 fold, p,0.05 after correction for multiple testing) used. In turn, this suggests that mutant LRRK2 does not elicit large changes in steady state mRNA levels within the cell under normal growth conditions. This is in contrast to a recent publication studying a series of mononuclea ...
Time-Resolved Fluorescence Imaging Reveals
... are typical so-called type II membrane proteins with an N-terminal region comprising a short cytoplasmic tail, a single transmembrane domain, and a luminal stem region, together called the cytoplasmic-transmembranestem (CTS) region, which orients the C-terminal catalytic domain into the Golgi lumen ...
... are typical so-called type II membrane proteins with an N-terminal region comprising a short cytoplasmic tail, a single transmembrane domain, and a luminal stem region, together called the cytoplasmic-transmembranestem (CTS) region, which orients the C-terminal catalytic domain into the Golgi lumen ...
Summary - Universität Tübingen
... In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is enclosed by the two continuous membranes of the nuclear envelope establishing a physical barrier that spatially separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. To accommodate bidirectional transport across this barrier nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) form highly selec ...
... In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is enclosed by the two continuous membranes of the nuclear envelope establishing a physical barrier that spatially separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. To accommodate bidirectional transport across this barrier nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) form highly selec ...
Electron Tomographic Analysis of Somatic Cell
... spatial distribution of the tethered vesicles in the context of a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from ...
... spatial distribution of the tethered vesicles in the context of a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from ...
recombination proteins in yeast
... Recombination at Stalled or Collapsed Replication Forks In yeast, HR efficiently repairs DSBs, but it is not clear if all mitotic recombination events initiate from DSBs. Single-stranded gaps at stalled replication forks might also initiate recombination and may occur more frequently than DSBs durin ...
... Recombination at Stalled or Collapsed Replication Forks In yeast, HR efficiently repairs DSBs, but it is not clear if all mitotic recombination events initiate from DSBs. Single-stranded gaps at stalled replication forks might also initiate recombination and may occur more frequently than DSBs durin ...
Identification of Owl Monkey CD4 Receptors Broadly Compatible
... Generation of stable cell lines. HEK293T and Cf2Th/syn CCR5 (29) cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (Invitrogen) with 10% FBS (Gibco), 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco), and 1% antibiotic (Gibco) (complete medium) at 37°C and 5% CO2. Cf2Th/syn CCR5 cells, which are canine thymocytes engi ...
... Generation of stable cell lines. HEK293T and Cf2Th/syn CCR5 (29) cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (Invitrogen) with 10% FBS (Gibco), 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco), and 1% antibiotic (Gibco) (complete medium) at 37°C and 5% CO2. Cf2Th/syn CCR5 cells, which are canine thymocytes engi ...