43 Confocal and Multi-Photon Imaging of Living Embryos
... to capture and analyze dynamic processes during embryogenesis: embryos are rarely flat. Indeed, often they are extremely thick along the axis of the light path. For example, Xenopus embryos are roughly 1 mm in diameter, and chick embryos are larger still at late stages in development. These distance ...
... to capture and analyze dynamic processes during embryogenesis: embryos are rarely flat. Indeed, often they are extremely thick along the axis of the light path. For example, Xenopus embryos are roughly 1 mm in diameter, and chick embryos are larger still at late stages in development. These distance ...
Arterial–Venous Specification During Development
... specification has begun to emerge. In this review, we discuss some of the recent literature on the physiological and molecular factors that regulate the acquisition of arterial and venous differentiated identity. ...
... specification has begun to emerge. In this review, we discuss some of the recent literature on the physiological and molecular factors that regulate the acquisition of arterial and venous differentiated identity. ...
Regulation of KNOLLE syntaxin - Journal of Cell Science
... Söllner et al., 1993b). This idea was challenged in recent in vitro interaction studies that provided evidence for promiscuity among interacting SNARE partners (Fasshauer et al., 1999). However, thorough analyses of yeast SNARE interactions in liposome assays have indicated a high degree of specific ...
... Söllner et al., 1993b). This idea was challenged in recent in vitro interaction studies that provided evidence for promiscuity among interacting SNARE partners (Fasshauer et al., 1999). However, thorough analyses of yeast SNARE interactions in liposome assays have indicated a high degree of specific ...
The cell walls of streptococci
... composition as a relatively simple procedure and recent work by others has suggested that cell-wall composition may be of use in classifying streptococci (Roberts & Stewart, 1961 ; Slade & Slamp, 1962). As part of a general study of the taxonomy of the streptococci we have collected over 300 strains ...
... composition as a relatively simple procedure and recent work by others has suggested that cell-wall composition may be of use in classifying streptococci (Roberts & Stewart, 1961 ; Slade & Slamp, 1962). As part of a general study of the taxonomy of the streptococci we have collected over 300 strains ...
Quantification of Type VI secretion system activity in macrophages
... organization (Aubert et al., 2008; Rosales-Reyes et al., 2012). The nature of the secreted ...
... organization (Aubert et al., 2008; Rosales-Reyes et al., 2012). The nature of the secreted ...
Functional and phylogenetic analyses of chromosome 21 promoters
... The focus of this work addresses functional studies of human and primate promoters, and the genome-wide localization and validation of human-specific transcription factor binding sites of the essential transcription factor GABPa. In this context, the development of an improved PCR protocol, includin ...
... The focus of this work addresses functional studies of human and primate promoters, and the genome-wide localization and validation of human-specific transcription factor binding sites of the essential transcription factor GABPa. In this context, the development of an improved PCR protocol, includin ...
as a PDF
... suggest that vacuoles in the endodermis may be involved in the early step of gravitropism to some extent. In the gravity-perceptive cell of the root (columella cell), several detailed analyses of the subcellular dynamics have been performed after gravistimulation by reorientation (Legue et al., 1997 ...
... suggest that vacuoles in the endodermis may be involved in the early step of gravitropism to some extent. In the gravity-perceptive cell of the root (columella cell), several detailed analyses of the subcellular dynamics have been performed after gravistimulation by reorientation (Legue et al., 1997 ...
Amyloplasts and Vacuolar Membrane Dynamics in
... suggest that vacuoles in the endodermis may be involved in the early step of gravitropism to some extent. In the gravity-perceptive cell of the root (columella cell), several detailed analyses of the subcellular dynamics have been performed after gravistimulation by reorientation (Legue et al., 1997 ...
... suggest that vacuoles in the endodermis may be involved in the early step of gravitropism to some extent. In the gravity-perceptive cell of the root (columella cell), several detailed analyses of the subcellular dynamics have been performed after gravistimulation by reorientation (Legue et al., 1997 ...
actin filament-membrane attachment: are membrane particles
... cytoplasm; and secondly, in order to provide directional movement, the actin filaments must be attached to a membrane with a precisely determined polarity. A mechanism for locating actin filaments in specific regions of cells with the requisite polarity could be achieved by having sites for the nucl ...
... cytoplasm; and secondly, in order to provide directional movement, the actin filaments must be attached to a membrane with a precisely determined polarity. A mechanism for locating actin filaments in specific regions of cells with the requisite polarity could be achieved by having sites for the nucl ...
Possible Involvement of Phosphoinositide-Ca
... Gilroy 1998a). Accumulated evidence has suggested that Ca 2+ and calmodulin (Gilroy and Jones 1992, Bush 1996, Schuurink et al. 1996), G protein (Jones et al. 1998), protein phosphorylation (Lue and Lee 1994, Kuo et al. 1996, Ritchie and Gilroy 1998b), cyclic GMP (Penson et al. 1996), and IP 3 (Murt ...
... Gilroy 1998a). Accumulated evidence has suggested that Ca 2+ and calmodulin (Gilroy and Jones 1992, Bush 1996, Schuurink et al. 1996), G protein (Jones et al. 1998), protein phosphorylation (Lue and Lee 1994, Kuo et al. 1996, Ritchie and Gilroy 1998b), cyclic GMP (Penson et al. 1996), and IP 3 (Murt ...
Interaction of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase with the CAT
... relaxation and release of NO [12–15]. This circumstance, in which exogenous arginine drives endothelial NO production even though intracellular levels of arginine are in excess, has been termed the arginine paradox. McDonald et al. [5] have suggested that this paradox may be explained by the existen ...
... relaxation and release of NO [12–15]. This circumstance, in which exogenous arginine drives endothelial NO production even though intracellular levels of arginine are in excess, has been termed the arginine paradox. McDonald et al. [5] have suggested that this paradox may be explained by the existen ...
Dictyostelium discoideum mutant synag 7 with altered G
... 20°C was detected in a volume of 100/tl containing PB, 10 mMD T T , 30nM-[3H]cyclic AMP, and 8xlO 6 cells. At the times indicated the cells were separated from the extracellular medium by centrifugation through silicon oil as described (Van Haastert & De Wit, 1984c). The dissociation of bound [3H]cy ...
... 20°C was detected in a volume of 100/tl containing PB, 10 mMD T T , 30nM-[3H]cyclic AMP, and 8xlO 6 cells. At the times indicated the cells were separated from the extracellular medium by centrifugation through silicon oil as described (Van Haastert & De Wit, 1984c). The dissociation of bound [3H]cy ...
Extracellular matrix of the charophycean green algae
... analysis suggests the presence of type I rhamnogalacturonan (RGI). Cross-OLQNLQJȕglucans are associated with cellulose microfibrils during land plant cell growth, and were found in the cell wall of CGA. The evidence of mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) in the ...
... analysis suggests the presence of type I rhamnogalacturonan (RGI). Cross-OLQNLQJȕglucans are associated with cellulose microfibrils during land plant cell growth, and were found in the cell wall of CGA. The evidence of mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) in the ...
The neutrophil in vascular inflammation
... infections, with a particular emphasis on mouse models of sepsis. Neutrophils are often immobilized in the lungs and liver during systemic infections, and this immobilization may be a mechanism through which bacteria can evade the innate immune response or allow neutrophils to form neutrophil extrac ...
... infections, with a particular emphasis on mouse models of sepsis. Neutrophils are often immobilized in the lungs and liver during systemic infections, and this immobilization may be a mechanism through which bacteria can evade the innate immune response or allow neutrophils to form neutrophil extrac ...
Expip is a cargo adaptor for Sec24p ... export the plasma membrane H+ ATPase from the
... Overview of the secretory pathway Translocation into the ER Cargo proteins of the secretory pathway enter the pathway at the ER, the surface of which is coated with ribosomes that allow coupling of protein translation with translocation into the ER. As newly synthesized proteins emerge from the rib ...
... Overview of the secretory pathway Translocation into the ER Cargo proteins of the secretory pathway enter the pathway at the ER, the surface of which is coated with ribosomes that allow coupling of protein translation with translocation into the ER. As newly synthesized proteins emerge from the rib ...
Function of BMPs and BMP Antagonists in Adult Bone
... low affinity to prevent further action of BMP action. Null mice of noggindisplayed impaired joint formation and thinning calvarial formation with small numbers of osteogenic progenitors thereby die just after birth.23 Heterozygous show normal growth and normal bone formation in mice; however, in hum ...
... low affinity to prevent further action of BMP action. Null mice of noggindisplayed impaired joint formation and thinning calvarial formation with small numbers of osteogenic progenitors thereby die just after birth.23 Heterozygous show normal growth and normal bone formation in mice; however, in hum ...
PDF version
... Fertilization initiates a cascade of events that leads to breaking the symmetry of the oocyte, as evidenced by a local cessation of actomyosin contractility. What is the nature of the symmetry-breaking cue? It is not the sperm entry site nor paternal genetic material (Sadler and Shakes, 2000 Goldste ...
... Fertilization initiates a cascade of events that leads to breaking the symmetry of the oocyte, as evidenced by a local cessation of actomyosin contractility. What is the nature of the symmetry-breaking cue? It is not the sperm entry site nor paternal genetic material (Sadler and Shakes, 2000 Goldste ...
Plant physiology
... but excluded from chloroplast membranes (Supplemental Table S1). The analysis was made by exposure of the isolated PC to phospholipase A2, which specifically cleaves fatty acids at the sn-2 position, and the thylakoid galactolipids to Rhizopus lipase, which specifically cleaves fatty acids at the sn-1 ...
... but excluded from chloroplast membranes (Supplemental Table S1). The analysis was made by exposure of the isolated PC to phospholipase A2, which specifically cleaves fatty acids at the sn-2 position, and the thylakoid galactolipids to Rhizopus lipase, which specifically cleaves fatty acids at the sn-1 ...
SEMEN ANALYSIS
... • Grade 3: (non-linear motility): These also move forward but tend to travel in a curved or crooked motion. • Grade 2: These have non-progressive motility because they do not move forward despite the fact that they move their tails. • Grade 1: These are immotile and fail to move at all. ...
... • Grade 3: (non-linear motility): These also move forward but tend to travel in a curved or crooked motion. • Grade 2: These have non-progressive motility because they do not move forward despite the fact that they move their tails. • Grade 1: These are immotile and fail to move at all. ...
Nonhereditary p53 Mutations in T-cell Acute
... that the introduction of T-ALL-derived mutant p53 expression constructs into T-ALL cell lines further increases their growth rate in culture, enhances cell cloning in methylcellulose, and increases tumor formation in nude mice. 0 1994 by The American Societyof Hematology. ...
... that the introduction of T-ALL-derived mutant p53 expression constructs into T-ALL cell lines further increases their growth rate in culture, enhances cell cloning in methylcellulose, and increases tumor formation in nude mice. 0 1994 by The American Societyof Hematology. ...
PDF
... wells with no visible growth of the fungi, and was transferred into PDA for a new incubation at 27 ˚C. A positive control (subsample from media broth with water) was also incubated on PDA. For all plates, incubation lasted till fungal growth was observed on control plates. After 72 h of incubation, ...
... wells with no visible growth of the fungi, and was transferred into PDA for a new incubation at 27 ˚C. A positive control (subsample from media broth with water) was also incubated on PDA. For all plates, incubation lasted till fungal growth was observed on control plates. After 72 h of incubation, ...
Kinetic Analysis of the L-type Calcium Current in Enzymatically
... Measurements of calcium and barium currents were carried out with the whole-cell patchclamp technique (Hamill et al. 1981). The isolated ventricular myocytes were transferred to an experimental chamber containing a Na + - and K + -free Tyrode solution and placed on the stage of an inverted microscop ...
... Measurements of calcium and barium currents were carried out with the whole-cell patchclamp technique (Hamill et al. 1981). The isolated ventricular myocytes were transferred to an experimental chamber containing a Na + - and K + -free Tyrode solution and placed on the stage of an inverted microscop ...
Chemotactic Effect of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor on Macrophages in
... microglia in neural damage and repair have been shown. Macrophages are often seen to associate with neurodegenerative diseases,16,17 but these cells can also be neuroprotective.18 The differential effects of macrophages under different conditions may be accounted for by the different phenotypes of t ...
... microglia in neural damage and repair have been shown. Macrophages are often seen to associate with neurodegenerative diseases,16,17 but these cells can also be neuroprotective.18 The differential effects of macrophages under different conditions may be accounted for by the different phenotypes of t ...
Biology For Dummies, 2nd Edition - The Official Site
... • Identify and dissect the many structures and functions of plants and animals • Grasp the latest discoveries in evolutionary, reproductive, and ...
... • Identify and dissect the many structures and functions of plants and animals • Grasp the latest discoveries in evolutionary, reproductive, and ...
Ancient bacteria–amoeba relationships and pathogenic animal
... Bacteria can exploit this amoeba [29,30]. Some bacteria can also remain inside the spores through the social cycle. Burkhoderia near fungorum is one such bacterium (Fig 1B). In fact, this and other strains of Burkholderia so change the phagosome machinery that D. discoideum infected with them can al ...
... Bacteria can exploit this amoeba [29,30]. Some bacteria can also remain inside the spores through the social cycle. Burkhoderia near fungorum is one such bacterium (Fig 1B). In fact, this and other strains of Burkholderia so change the phagosome machinery that D. discoideum infected with them can al ...