Neuronal Competition and Selection During Memory Formation
... may be important for selecting the neurons that participate in encoding memories in the adult brain. To examine neuronal competition during memory formation, we conducted experiments with mice in which we manipulated the function of CREB (adenosine 3´,5´-monophosphate response element–binding protei ...
... may be important for selecting the neurons that participate in encoding memories in the adult brain. To examine neuronal competition during memory formation, we conducted experiments with mice in which we manipulated the function of CREB (adenosine 3´,5´-monophosphate response element–binding protei ...
Bayesian Retrieval In Associative Memories With Storage Errors
... model: The result is close to the 0.14 cited above [25]—for a slightly different model, [24] showed that the basis rate is 0.17. We have so far only considered capacity using Hebbiantype learning rules. The seminal work of [26] analyzed the potential capacity of autoassociative memories given the op ...
... model: The result is close to the 0.14 cited above [25]—for a slightly different model, [24] showed that the basis rate is 0.17. We have so far only considered capacity using Hebbiantype learning rules. The seminal work of [26] analyzed the potential capacity of autoassociative memories given the op ...
Brain oscillations and memory - Wellcome Trust Centre for
... as its limited capacity. Evidence that oscillatory synchrony mediates a phasedependent coding of items during maintenance comes from recent studies in non-human primates [21,24]. In one study [21] monkeys were required to maintain both the identity and the order of two objects over a delay of 1 ...
... as its limited capacity. Evidence that oscillatory synchrony mediates a phasedependent coding of items during maintenance comes from recent studies in non-human primates [21,24]. In one study [21] monkeys were required to maintain both the identity and the order of two objects over a delay of 1 ...
The Three Amnesias - University of Florida College of Public Health
... derivation. The amygdala is a subcortical structure, intimately related with the basal forebrain, and often classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, a ...
... derivation. The amygdala is a subcortical structure, intimately related with the basal forebrain, and often classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, a ...
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Memory Since H.M.
... memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal lobe cannot be the ultimate storage site for long-term memory. Permanent memory must be stored elsewhere, presumably in neocortex. In the ...
... memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal lobe cannot be the ultimate storage site for long-term memory. Permanent memory must be stored elsewhere, presumably in neocortex. In the ...
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Memory Since H.M.
... memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal lobe cannot be the ultimate storage site for long-term memory. Permanent memory must be stored elsewhere, presumably in neocortex. In the ...
... memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal lobe cannot be the ultimate storage site for long-term memory. Permanent memory must be stored elsewhere, presumably in neocortex. In the ...
Running Improves Pattern Separation during Novel Object
... molecular layer. As a consequence there might be a 4times larger chance for the formation of new synapses of young cells with axon terminals projecting from the entorhinal cortex. Taken together, the data not only show that the animals make use of running wheels, leading to the well-known increase i ...
... molecular layer. As a consequence there might be a 4times larger chance for the formation of new synapses of young cells with axon terminals projecting from the entorhinal cortex. Taken together, the data not only show that the animals make use of running wheels, leading to the well-known increase i ...
11 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... Integration: Synaptic Potentiation • Repeated use of synapse increases ability of presynaptic cell to excite postsynaptic neuron – Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic neuron ...
... Integration: Synaptic Potentiation • Repeated use of synapse increases ability of presynaptic cell to excite postsynaptic neuron – Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic neuron ...
PDF
... external reinforcer—electric foot shock—with direct manipulations of the brain’s internal valuation systems. If electric foot shock drives olfactory learning through a final common path of dopaminergic inputs to the mushroom bodies, it should be possible to write memories directly by activating thes ...
... external reinforcer—electric foot shock—with direct manipulations of the brain’s internal valuation systems. If electric foot shock drives olfactory learning through a final common path of dopaminergic inputs to the mushroom bodies, it should be possible to write memories directly by activating thes ...
Modeling goal-directed spatial navigation in the rat based on physiological
... that insured ordered repetition of sequences of place cell spikes without the variability caused by differences in place field traversal times. We improved our knowledge of the connections between physiological and behavioural data through our approach: studying task-specific behavioural problems ca ...
... that insured ordered repetition of sequences of place cell spikes without the variability caused by differences in place field traversal times. We improved our knowledge of the connections between physiological and behavioural data through our approach: studying task-specific behavioural problems ca ...
TOPIC: progesterone exert neuroprotective and myelinating effects
... central nervous system. Its effects on the reproductive and endocrine systems are well known, but a large and growing body of evidence, including a recently published pilot clinical trial, indicates that the hormone also exerts neuroprotective effects on the central nervous system. We now know that ...
... central nervous system. Its effects on the reproductive and endocrine systems are well known, but a large and growing body of evidence, including a recently published pilot clinical trial, indicates that the hormone also exerts neuroprotective effects on the central nervous system. We now know that ...
- Wiley Online Library
... domain, located at the end of a growing axon, is the most proximal part of the growth cone and is filled with abundant microtubules and vesicles. The peripheral domain is at the most distal area of the growth cone and is motile; it is composed of bundles of actin filaments (F-actin) and fringed with l ...
... domain, located at the end of a growing axon, is the most proximal part of the growth cone and is filled with abundant microtubules and vesicles. The peripheral domain is at the most distal area of the growth cone and is motile; it is composed of bundles of actin filaments (F-actin) and fringed with l ...
Encoding and Retrieval of Episodic Memories: Role of Hippocampus
... time, as described below, this model is closely related to many previous theories of the function of individual hippocampal subregions (Marr, 1971; McNaughton and Morris, 1987; Levy, 1989; Eichenbaum and Buckingham, 1990; McNaughton, 1991; Treves and Rolls, 1992; O’Reilly and McClelland, 1994; McCle ...
... time, as described below, this model is closely related to many previous theories of the function of individual hippocampal subregions (Marr, 1971; McNaughton and Morris, 1987; Levy, 1989; Eichenbaum and Buckingham, 1990; McNaughton, 1991; Treves and Rolls, 1992; O’Reilly and McClelland, 1994; McCle ...
Nutrition, Anabolism, and the Wound Healing Process: An Overview
... body weight. Every protein molecule has a role in maintaining body homeostasis. Loss of any body protein is deleterious. The majority of the protein in the LBM is in the skeletal muscle mass. LBM is 50% to 60% muscle mass by weight. It is the loss of body protein, not fat loss, that produces the com ...
... body weight. Every protein molecule has a role in maintaining body homeostasis. Loss of any body protein is deleterious. The majority of the protein in the LBM is in the skeletal muscle mass. LBM is 50% to 60% muscle mass by weight. It is the loss of body protein, not fat loss, that produces the com ...
MECHANISMS OF VERTEBRATE SYNAPTOGENESIS
... Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are lag times of days to weeks before synapses form (Lund 1972, Pfrieger & Barres 1996). What types of factors/cues regulate this tempo ...
... Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are lag times of days to weeks before synapses form (Lund 1972, Pfrieger & Barres 1996). What types of factors/cues regulate this tempo ...
MECHANISMS OF VERTEBRATE SYNAPTOGENESIS
... Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are lag times of days to weeks before synapses form (Lund 1972, Pfrieger & Barres 1996). What types of factors/cues regulate this tempo ...
... Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are lag times of days to weeks before synapses form (Lund 1972, Pfrieger & Barres 1996). What types of factors/cues regulate this tempo ...
recognition memory: what are the roles of the perirhinal cortex and
... of neurons using IMMEDIATE EARLY GENES (IEGs). The IEG ...
... of neurons using IMMEDIATE EARLY GENES (IEGs). The IEG ...
Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of
... (GFAP). Such hypertrophy shows that glial cells are inflamed and degenerating. With reduced mastication, hypertrophied astrocytes are evident in the CA1 subfield (22, 23), implying that the reduced mastication increases the production of cytokines such as interleukins from the microglia to cause the ...
... (GFAP). Such hypertrophy shows that glial cells are inflamed and degenerating. With reduced mastication, hypertrophied astrocytes are evident in the CA1 subfield (22, 23), implying that the reduced mastication increases the production of cytokines such as interleukins from the microglia to cause the ...
Arginine-induced stimulation of protein synthesis and survival in
... to synthesize arginine (20, 37, 41), and the small intestine is a key site of net arginine synthesis in neonates (39, 42, 43). Thus the gut appears to play a critical role in maintaining arginine homeostasis in neonates (13, 40). Evidence from in vitro metabolic studies with primary cells and transf ...
... to synthesize arginine (20, 37, 41), and the small intestine is a key site of net arginine synthesis in neonates (39, 42, 43). Thus the gut appears to play a critical role in maintaining arginine homeostasis in neonates (13, 40). Evidence from in vitro metabolic studies with primary cells and transf ...
2011 CSH - Harvard University
... processes that impacts brain function. The effects of sensory experience are manifested by the release of neurotransmitter at excitatory synapses where glutamate is the primary neurotransmitter. Glutamate released from the presynaptic terminal binds to its receptors on the postsynaptic neuron and tr ...
... processes that impacts brain function. The effects of sensory experience are manifested by the release of neurotransmitter at excitatory synapses where glutamate is the primary neurotransmitter. Glutamate released from the presynaptic terminal binds to its receptors on the postsynaptic neuron and tr ...
Distinct neuroanatomical bases of episodic and semantic memory
... Examination) scores (Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) (see Table 1). This study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of Both Basel (EKBB) and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. ...
... Examination) scores (Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) (see Table 1). This study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of Both Basel (EKBB) and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. ...
Ca Channels As Integrators of G Protein
... in voltage-dependent inhibition of Cav2.2 channels (Fig. 2b) (for review, see Ikeda and Dunlap, 1999). The structural basis of this modulation will be discussed in the next section. Phosphorylation is a common mechanism for modulation of ion channels. Early work on Cav1 channel modulation in non-neu ...
... in voltage-dependent inhibition of Cav2.2 channels (Fig. 2b) (for review, see Ikeda and Dunlap, 1999). The structural basis of this modulation will be discussed in the next section. Phosphorylation is a common mechanism for modulation of ion channels. Early work on Cav1 channel modulation in non-neu ...
Frankland lecture FINAL
... -- evoked memories were rare (<10% of stimulation sites) -- were memories real? For instance, one of Penfield’s patients reported a stimulation-induced experience that took place in a lumberyard---despite never having visited a lumberyard ...
... -- evoked memories were rare (<10% of stimulation sites) -- were memories real? For instance, one of Penfield’s patients reported a stimulation-induced experience that took place in a lumberyard---despite never having visited a lumberyard ...
Metabolic rate depression in animals
... becomes intermittent, and kidney filtration rate is reduced. Organisms do not eat so the energetic costs of digestion, nutrient absorption, and peristalsis are eliminated. A substantial part of total energy savings comes from the suppression of these physiological activities. Metabolic rate is also i ...
... becomes intermittent, and kidney filtration rate is reduced. Organisms do not eat so the energetic costs of digestion, nutrient absorption, and peristalsis are eliminated. A substantial part of total energy savings comes from the suppression of these physiological activities. Metabolic rate is also i ...
- The Andy Warhol Museum
... Luther King, Jr., or the Challenger space-shuttle explosion and the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center. In the 1970s scientists speculated about the nature of this memory phenomenon, hypothesizing that these memories re-sulted from a special physiological mechanism that was triggered by even ...
... Luther King, Jr., or the Challenger space-shuttle explosion and the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center. In the 1970s scientists speculated about the nature of this memory phenomenon, hypothesizing that these memories re-sulted from a special physiological mechanism that was triggered by even ...