Higher-Order Functions
... diencephalon, plays an uncertain role in memory storage and retrieval. Damage to this nucleus is associated with changes in emotional states, memory, and intellectual function. ...
... diencephalon, plays an uncertain role in memory storage and retrieval. Damage to this nucleus is associated with changes in emotional states, memory, and intellectual function. ...
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... during memory retrieval? This may be explained as follows. Oscillating neuronal activities take place both in the hippocampus and in the cortex. Different memory tasks are shown to be associated with frontal and hippocampal cortical theta oscillations in humans (Tesche and Karhu, 2000; Jensen and Te ...
... during memory retrieval? This may be explained as follows. Oscillating neuronal activities take place both in the hippocampus and in the cortex. Different memory tasks are shown to be associated with frontal and hippocampal cortical theta oscillations in humans (Tesche and Karhu, 2000; Jensen and Te ...
Concept cells: the building blocks of declarative
... chance. If an MTL neuron fires to more than one stimulus (as it is often the case), then we may not be able to distinguish among these stimuli, but the neuron nevertheless gives us information about the stimulus being present (namely, that it is one of a few possible stimuli). The findings that pred ...
... chance. If an MTL neuron fires to more than one stimulus (as it is often the case), then we may not be able to distinguish among these stimuli, but the neuron nevertheless gives us information about the stimulus being present (namely, that it is one of a few possible stimuli). The findings that pred ...
Expressway™ Cell-Free E. coli Expression System
... Many expression vectors or DNA templates may be used. For proper expression, all templates must contain the T7 promoter, an initiation codon, and a prokaryotic Shine-Dalgarno ribosome binding site (RBS) upstream of the gene of interest. See below for a discussion of template optimization. ...
... Many expression vectors or DNA templates may be used. For proper expression, all templates must contain the T7 promoter, an initiation codon, and a prokaryotic Shine-Dalgarno ribosome binding site (RBS) upstream of the gene of interest. See below for a discussion of template optimization. ...
Suzuki and Eichenbaum, 2000
... FIGURE 1. Projections from other unimodal and polymodal sensory areas to the parahippocampal cortex in monkeys and the postrhinal cortex in rats are roughly similar. The perirhinal and parahippocampal/postrhinal cortices then provide the major input to the next “rung” of the hierarchy, the entorhina ...
... FIGURE 1. Projections from other unimodal and polymodal sensory areas to the parahippocampal cortex in monkeys and the postrhinal cortex in rats are roughly similar. The perirhinal and parahippocampal/postrhinal cortices then provide the major input to the next “rung” of the hierarchy, the entorhina ...
Large-Scale Fluorescence Calcium-Imaging
... During long-term memory formation, cellular and molecular processes reshape how individual neurons respond to specific patterns of synaptic input. It remains poorly understood how such changes impact information processing across networks of mammalian neurons. To observe how networks encode, store, ...
... During long-term memory formation, cellular and molecular processes reshape how individual neurons respond to specific patterns of synaptic input. It remains poorly understood how such changes impact information processing across networks of mammalian neurons. To observe how networks encode, store, ...
Role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens in mediating interactions
... species. For these tasks, a cue must be held in memory over a temporal gap before an appropriate response can be emitted. Although many attempts have been made to discover the neural circuitry responsible for working memory, there are still many unanswered questions about how the brain accomplishes ...
... species. For these tasks, a cue must be held in memory over a temporal gap before an appropriate response can be emitted. Although many attempts have been made to discover the neural circuitry responsible for working memory, there are still many unanswered questions about how the brain accomplishes ...
Role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens in mediating interactions
... species. For these tasks, a cue must be held in memory over a temporal gap before an appropriate response can be emitted. Although many attempts have been made to discover the neural circuitry responsible for working memory, there are still many unanswered questions about how the brain accomplishes ...
... species. For these tasks, a cue must be held in memory over a temporal gap before an appropriate response can be emitted. Although many attempts have been made to discover the neural circuitry responsible for working memory, there are still many unanswered questions about how the brain accomplishes ...
Glial Signaling Take Home Messages
... 4. Human Astrocytes (hAstrocytes) are larger and have more branching than non-primates a. hAstrocytes have faster propagation velocity 5. Human Astrocytes engrafted into mouse brain retain human morphology in mouse brain a. hAstrocytes in mouse chimera also have faster propagation velocity 6. Mice c ...
... 4. Human Astrocytes (hAstrocytes) are larger and have more branching than non-primates a. hAstrocytes have faster propagation velocity 5. Human Astrocytes engrafted into mouse brain retain human morphology in mouse brain a. hAstrocytes in mouse chimera also have faster propagation velocity 6. Mice c ...
Impaired intracellular trafficking defines early Parkinson`s disease
... cost to individuals, carers, and ageing societies. It is defined at post-mortem by the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra together with the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. We examine here the role of a-synuclein and other cellular transport proteins implicated in PD and how ...
... cost to individuals, carers, and ageing societies. It is defined at post-mortem by the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra together with the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. We examine here the role of a-synuclein and other cellular transport proteins implicated in PD and how ...
The Frontal Cortex and Working with Memory
... general approach and provide converging evidence in support of the WWM model. As useful as our WWM framework has been for guiding research on memory in humans and animals, in its original version it lacked the specificity that is required for subsequent developments on localization of function withi ...
... general approach and provide converging evidence in support of the WWM model. As useful as our WWM framework has been for guiding research on memory in humans and animals, in its original version it lacked the specificity that is required for subsequent developments on localization of function withi ...
Brain rhythms in mental time travel
... search through one's past experience which yields a set of overt behavioral responses in the form of vocal report of the studied items. While much of memory search is behaviorally covert, reliable neural signals are produced which reflect the dynamics of the search and can reveal the influence of the ...
... search through one's past experience which yields a set of overt behavioral responses in the form of vocal report of the studied items. While much of memory search is behaviorally covert, reliable neural signals are produced which reflect the dynamics of the search and can reveal the influence of the ...
Fine tuning of vestibular apparatus in terrestrial snail at Earth and
... phase of long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic effectivity is critical for the storage of long-term memory. Although the expression of the early induction phase of LTP has been studied extensively (Bliss and Collingridge, 1993), the mechanism for synaptic enhancement and a possibility of its modi ...
... phase of long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic effectivity is critical for the storage of long-term memory. Although the expression of the early induction phase of LTP has been studied extensively (Bliss and Collingridge, 1993), the mechanism for synaptic enhancement and a possibility of its modi ...
Ontogenetic Changes in the Rates of Protein Synthesis and
... gestation is suggested by striking differences in fetal body composition, growth rate and oxygen requirements and in the placental/fetal mass ratio between these two stages of development ...
... gestation is suggested by striking differences in fetal body composition, growth rate and oxygen requirements and in the placental/fetal mass ratio between these two stages of development ...
Impaired associative learning in schizophrenia: behavioral and
... memories before the lesion is preserved but the formation of new long term memories is impaired. It also is consistent with experimental work in animals: Lesions that are applied to the hippocampus early during learning devastate trace conditioning preventing eventual consolidation of traces in long ...
... memories before the lesion is preserved but the formation of new long term memories is impaired. It also is consistent with experimental work in animals: Lesions that are applied to the hippocampus early during learning devastate trace conditioning preventing eventual consolidation of traces in long ...
Role of Dietary Protein in Post-Exercise Muscle Reconditioning
... exercise have previously been attributed to a more rapid supply of amino acids during the acute stages of post-exercise recovery. In addition, we speculated that protein ingestion prior to and/or during resistance type exercise could already stimulate muscle protein synthesis during exercise conditi ...
... exercise have previously been attributed to a more rapid supply of amino acids during the acute stages of post-exercise recovery. In addition, we speculated that protein ingestion prior to and/or during resistance type exercise could already stimulate muscle protein synthesis during exercise conditi ...
Learning to Remember Rare Events
... Figure 3: Extended Neural GPU with memory module. Memory query is read from the position one below the current output logit, and the embedded memory value is put at the same position of the output tape p. The network learns to use these values to produce the output in the next step. Sequence-to-sequ ...
... Figure 3: Extended Neural GPU with memory module. Memory query is read from the position one below the current output logit, and the embedded memory value is put at the same position of the output tape p. The network learns to use these values to produce the output in the next step. Sequence-to-sequ ...
Mechanisms underlying working memory for novel information
... and spatial locations [26]. Surprisingly, these early fMRI studies of working memory did not report activity within parahippocampal regions such as perirhinal or entorhinal cortex, although these areas had previously been shown to be necessary for DNMS and DMS tasks in monkeys [18,19,23]. The non-hu ...
... and spatial locations [26]. Surprisingly, these early fMRI studies of working memory did not report activity within parahippocampal regions such as perirhinal or entorhinal cortex, although these areas had previously been shown to be necessary for DNMS and DMS tasks in monkeys [18,19,23]. The non-hu ...
Neuronal cytoskeleton in synaptic plasticity and regeneration
... myelin inhibitors in vitro including diminished cofilin phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth inhibition. Nonmuscle myosin II, an actin-binding protein that mediates retrograde actin flow and actin filament organization, is phosphorylated downstream of CSPGs and is also a critical regulator of neurite ...
... myelin inhibitors in vitro including diminished cofilin phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth inhibition. Nonmuscle myosin II, an actin-binding protein that mediates retrograde actin flow and actin filament organization, is phosphorylated downstream of CSPGs and is also a critical regulator of neurite ...
Epistatic interaction of CREB1 and KCNJ6 on rumination and
... Liao et al., 1996). GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolished depotentiation of long-term potentiation in cultured hippocampal neurons demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for excitatory synaptic plasticity which is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory (Chung ...
... Liao et al., 1996). GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolished depotentiation of long-term potentiation in cultured hippocampal neurons demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for excitatory synaptic plasticity which is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory (Chung ...
Semantic and episodic components of brand knowledge
... learning and unlearning. Episodic memory, for example, is fast forming and context dependent. In contrast, semantic memory, in keeping with its abstract symbolic nature, is largely context-independent but slow in acquisition (Milner et al. 1998). Second, semantic and episodic memory systems are sub ...
... learning and unlearning. Episodic memory, for example, is fast forming and context dependent. In contrast, semantic memory, in keeping with its abstract symbolic nature, is largely context-independent but slow in acquisition (Milner et al. 1998). Second, semantic and episodic memory systems are sub ...
19Dementias
... Abnormalities in the metabolism of three proteins account for more than 90% of all neurodegenerative dementias misfolded proteins that cannot be properly degraded within affected cells Amyloid-beta, alpha-synuclein, and tau 1. Binding along the membrane 2. Accumulation of these proteins 3. Abn ...
... Abnormalities in the metabolism of three proteins account for more than 90% of all neurodegenerative dementias misfolded proteins that cannot be properly degraded within affected cells Amyloid-beta, alpha-synuclein, and tau 1. Binding along the membrane 2. Accumulation of these proteins 3. Abn ...
Neuron the Memory Unit of the Brain
... is stored in each 200 Billion Neurons*1= 200 Billion bit of information(10,000 Million MB).But how much of Memory can be Stored in a Neuron? A typical healthy human brain contains about 200 Billion nerve cells, or neurons, linked to one another via hundreds of trillions of tiny contacts called synap ...
... is stored in each 200 Billion Neurons*1= 200 Billion bit of information(10,000 Million MB).But how much of Memory can be Stored in a Neuron? A typical healthy human brain contains about 200 Billion nerve cells, or neurons, linked to one another via hundreds of trillions of tiny contacts called synap ...
Role of Astrocytes, Soluble Factors, Cells Adhesion Molecules and
... Mahesh C. Dodla, Jennifer Mumaw and Steven L. Stice* Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Abstract: Availability of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and its neural derivatives has opened up wide possibilities of using these cells as tools for developmental studies ...
... Mahesh C. Dodla, Jennifer Mumaw and Steven L. Stice* Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Abstract: Availability of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and its neural derivatives has opened up wide possibilities of using these cells as tools for developmental studies ...
(Title 17, United States Code) governs the maki
... The adaptive specialization hypothesis refers to specific demands placed on the brain and their effects on the morphology within corresponding or specific areas utilized to process those demands (Krebs et al. 1989; Krebs J.R. 1990; Jacobs & Spencer 1994; Jacobs 1996; Lucas et al. 2004). In terms of ...
... The adaptive specialization hypothesis refers to specific demands placed on the brain and their effects on the morphology within corresponding or specific areas utilized to process those demands (Krebs et al. 1989; Krebs J.R. 1990; Jacobs & Spencer 1994; Jacobs 1996; Lucas et al. 2004). In terms of ...