Dokument_1
... NTS and the preganglionic sympathetic neurons in the intermediolateral cell column (IML) of the spinal cord (4, 25). Electrical stimulation of the POM and median preoptic nucleus (POMn) produces a pattern of hemodynamic changes identical to the stress-evoked defense response including hindquarter va ...
... NTS and the preganglionic sympathetic neurons in the intermediolateral cell column (IML) of the spinal cord (4, 25). Electrical stimulation of the POM and median preoptic nucleus (POMn) produces a pattern of hemodynamic changes identical to the stress-evoked defense response including hindquarter va ...
Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... recording session the dye was ejected by applying a negative voltage (W-80 V) to the micropipette for 2-3 min. The slices were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution in PBS for 2-3 min and immersed in 30% sucrose in PBS. Sixty-pm-thick sections were cut in a cryostat. Following counterstaining of the ...
... recording session the dye was ejected by applying a negative voltage (W-80 V) to the micropipette for 2-3 min. The slices were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution in PBS for 2-3 min and immersed in 30% sucrose in PBS. Sixty-pm-thick sections were cut in a cryostat. Following counterstaining of the ...
Effects of Repeated Administration of 3,4
... Cinque, C., . . . Canudas, A. M. (2008). Enhanced tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus of mice treated with 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstasy”). The Journal of Neuroscience, 28(12), 3234-3245. Capela, J. P., Ruscher, K., Lautenschlager, M., Freyer, D., Dirnagl, U., Gaio, A. R., . . . Ca ...
... Cinque, C., . . . Canudas, A. M. (2008). Enhanced tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus of mice treated with 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstasy”). The Journal of Neuroscience, 28(12), 3234-3245. Capela, J. P., Ruscher, K., Lautenschlager, M., Freyer, D., Dirnagl, U., Gaio, A. R., . . . Ca ...
From Lesions to Leptin: Review Hypothalamic Control of Food
... levels are normalized by refeeding or by leptin administration (Qu et al., 1996). Injection of either MCH or ORX into the lateral ventricle causes rats to eat (Qu et al., 1996; Sakurai et al., 1998). Moreover, targeted deletion of the MCH gene results in decreased food intake and body weight compare ...
... levels are normalized by refeeding or by leptin administration (Qu et al., 1996). Injection of either MCH or ORX into the lateral ventricle causes rats to eat (Qu et al., 1996; Sakurai et al., 1998). Moreover, targeted deletion of the MCH gene results in decreased food intake and body weight compare ...
Leptin receptor gene in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
... analysis shows the sblepr clustered within the teleost leptin receptor group in 100% of the bootstrap replicates. The neuroanatomical localization of sblepr expressing cells has been assessed by in situ hybridization in brains of sea bass of both sexes during their first sexual maturation. At histol ...
... analysis shows the sblepr clustered within the teleost leptin receptor group in 100% of the bootstrap replicates. The neuroanatomical localization of sblepr expressing cells has been assessed by in situ hybridization in brains of sea bass of both sexes during their first sexual maturation. At histol ...
Beta-endorphin suppresses release of thyrotropin
... AIM: To study the influences of β-endorphin (β-EP) on the responses of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in median eminence (ME) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus to acute hypoxia in conscious rats. METHODS: Brain TRH, serum T3 and T4 were measured by radioimmunoassay. The male Wis ...
... AIM: To study the influences of β-endorphin (β-EP) on the responses of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in median eminence (ME) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus to acute hypoxia in conscious rats. METHODS: Brain TRH, serum T3 and T4 were measured by radioimmunoassay. The male Wis ...
Projections of the amygdala to the thalamus in the cynomolgus
... found throughout the medial basal nucleus (Fig. 4).though there was a tendency for them to be concentrated in its medial half. The lateral basal nucleus contained the second highest number of HRP-positive cells in these three monkeys, though there were considerably fewer than in the medial basal nuc ...
... found throughout the medial basal nucleus (Fig. 4).though there was a tendency for them to be concentrated in its medial half. The lateral basal nucleus contained the second highest number of HRP-positive cells in these three monkeys, though there were considerably fewer than in the medial basal nuc ...
Somatostatin-like immunoreactive primary sensory neurons
... the transcriptional, translational, or metabolic level. The differences in the reaction to adrenalectomy between neurons within neuromeres Th6-7 and Th12-14 are also worth to be noted. More intensive increase in the number of SOM-LI FB-labelled neurons located at neuromeres Th6-7 may suggest that SO ...
... the transcriptional, translational, or metabolic level. The differences in the reaction to adrenalectomy between neurons within neuromeres Th6-7 and Th12-14 are also worth to be noted. More intensive increase in the number of SOM-LI FB-labelled neurons located at neuromeres Th6-7 may suggest that SO ...
Testosterone and androgens in women
... experience agitation, more aggressive moods and increased sexual thoughts which are sometimes reported as being unpleasant. Testosterone implants (pellets) are approved for the treatment of women in the United Kingdom and parts of Europe and although not officially approved for this indication in Au ...
... experience agitation, more aggressive moods and increased sexual thoughts which are sometimes reported as being unpleasant. Testosterone implants (pellets) are approved for the treatment of women in the United Kingdom and parts of Europe and although not officially approved for this indication in Au ...
Hypothalamus - University of Washington
... For this reason, the posterior pituitary is also called the neurohypophysis, the pars nervosa, and the neural lobe. The part of the neural extension that forms the bridge between the hypothalamus and the neurohypophysis is referred to as the infundibular stalk. At the top of the stalk, at the inter ...
... For this reason, the posterior pituitary is also called the neurohypophysis, the pars nervosa, and the neural lobe. The part of the neural extension that forms the bridge between the hypothalamus and the neurohypophysis is referred to as the infundibular stalk. At the top of the stalk, at the inter ...
Sitagliptin, GLP-1 receptor, DPP
... Sitglaptin, is a DPP-4 inhibitor and through its effect on receptor GLP-1 seems to have much wider effects on the function and survival of cells that express its receptor. In vitro, insulin-gene transcription is stimulated while cell apoptosis is inhibited by GLP1 receptor activation and it also sti ...
... Sitglaptin, is a DPP-4 inhibitor and through its effect on receptor GLP-1 seems to have much wider effects on the function and survival of cells that express its receptor. In vitro, insulin-gene transcription is stimulated while cell apoptosis is inhibited by GLP1 receptor activation and it also sti ...
2 Types of neurotransmitters Classical small molecules
... Figure 6. A schematic model of CRH promoter regulation in the hypothalamus. The nGRE is a negative glucocorticoid regulatory element, CRE is the cAMP regulatory element, GRR represents the region located between –213 to –99 bps that is stimulated by glucocorticoids, CDXRE is caudal type homeobox res ...
... Figure 6. A schematic model of CRH promoter regulation in the hypothalamus. The nGRE is a negative glucocorticoid regulatory element, CRE is the cAMP regulatory element, GRR represents the region located between –213 to –99 bps that is stimulated by glucocorticoids, CDXRE is caudal type homeobox res ...
The neurochemistry of the GnRH pulse generator
... the hypothalamus to release their peptide simultaneously is phasic and synchronous activation (Wilson et al. 1984). The location of the neurons and their neurotransmitter qualities involved in the induction of phasic and synchronous activation of GnRH neurons is largely unknown. In the rat, the peri ...
... the hypothalamus to release their peptide simultaneously is phasic and synchronous activation (Wilson et al. 1984). The location of the neurons and their neurotransmitter qualities involved in the induction of phasic and synchronous activation of GnRH neurons is largely unknown. In the rat, the peri ...
Orexinergic Input to Dopaminergic Neurons of the Human Ventral
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
عرض تقديمي من PowerPoint
... Testosterone is usually continued until there is clear evidence of spontaneous puberty (testicular growth). The duration and dosage of therapy should be monitored by a paediatric endocrinologist as overdosage or excessively long courses can reduce the period of pubertal growth. Growth hormone is not ...
... Testosterone is usually continued until there is clear evidence of spontaneous puberty (testicular growth). The duration and dosage of therapy should be monitored by a paediatric endocrinologist as overdosage or excessively long courses can reduce the period of pubertal growth. Growth hormone is not ...
Morphometric changes of the central nervous system of
... lic specimens 4/3 and 3/3, but the difference between the two oligomelic groups was minor and was not statistically significant (post-hoc). The cortex volume in the subesophageal ganglia also differentiated the studied groups (F2.27 = 15.81, P<0.0001). In the control group, the average cortex volume ...
... lic specimens 4/3 and 3/3, but the difference between the two oligomelic groups was minor and was not statistically significant (post-hoc). The cortex volume in the subesophageal ganglia also differentiated the studied groups (F2.27 = 15.81, P<0.0001). In the control group, the average cortex volume ...
Role of circadian clocks intrinsic to SCN and
... The circadian clock represents a self-sustaining, entrainable oscillator driving rhythms of ~24 hours. The mammalian circadian system is organized in a hierarchical manner in which the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) acts as the master pacemaker, coordinating the oscillations of peripheral clocks. Des ...
... The circadian clock represents a self-sustaining, entrainable oscillator driving rhythms of ~24 hours. The mammalian circadian system is organized in a hierarchical manner in which the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) acts as the master pacemaker, coordinating the oscillations of peripheral clocks. Des ...
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the arcuate nucleus stimulates lipid metabolism to control body fat accrual on a high-fat diet
... 3. Results 3.1. Experiment 1: relationship between CART, hormones and body fat on a fat-rich diet This experiment tested whether a change in CART expression can be associated with shifts in hormones and metabolites that are affected by an increase in body fat. 3.1.1. Behavioral, hormonal and metabol ...
... 3. Results 3.1. Experiment 1: relationship between CART, hormones and body fat on a fat-rich diet This experiment tested whether a change in CART expression can be associated with shifts in hormones and metabolites that are affected by an increase in body fat. 3.1.1. Behavioral, hormonal and metabol ...
(HPG) Axis and Hypothalamic-Pituitary
... normal physiology of the female and male reproductive systems. Endocrine disorders in a woman’s reproductive system can lead to menstrual problems, endometriosis, delayed puberty, polycystic ovary syndrome, and sexual problems as well as infertility and breast problems. Ingredients that can promote ...
... normal physiology of the female and male reproductive systems. Endocrine disorders in a woman’s reproductive system can lead to menstrual problems, endometriosis, delayed puberty, polycystic ovary syndrome, and sexual problems as well as infertility and breast problems. Ingredients that can promote ...
Pheromone signaling in the fruit fly Drosophila
... (Robertson et al. 2003, Su et al. 2009). The amino-acid homology across this gene family is only about 20 %, indicating that they are of ancient origin (Robertson et al. 2003). Vertebrate and insect ORs differ in topology, with insect ORs adopting an inverted orientation where the N-terminus faces t ...
... (Robertson et al. 2003, Su et al. 2009). The amino-acid homology across this gene family is only about 20 %, indicating that they are of ancient origin (Robertson et al. 2003). Vertebrate and insect ORs differ in topology, with insect ORs adopting an inverted orientation where the N-terminus faces t ...
effects of dietary aflatoxin and sodium bentonite on some hormones
... increase, although not definite, may be originated from the possible increase of protein kinase activity caused by AF. These changes were observed in the animals which received sodium bentonite only. The reason for that could not be clarified. The increase was even much more distinctive in the group ...
... increase, although not definite, may be originated from the possible increase of protein kinase activity caused by AF. These changes were observed in the animals which received sodium bentonite only. The reason for that could not be clarified. The increase was even much more distinctive in the group ...
The Ventral Striatopallidum and Extended Amygdala in
... ventral and dorsal division (Heimer & Wilson, 1975). The dorsal (motor) striatum receives input from the isocortex, while the ventral (limbic) striatum is mainly related to allocortical and nonisocortical areas including the piriform, enthorhinal and anterior cingulate cortices, the insula as well a ...
... ventral and dorsal division (Heimer & Wilson, 1975). The dorsal (motor) striatum receives input from the isocortex, while the ventral (limbic) striatum is mainly related to allocortical and nonisocortical areas including the piriform, enthorhinal and anterior cingulate cortices, the insula as well a ...
Plasticity following Injury to the Adult Central Nervous System: Is
... There is a plethora of reports documenting increases in GAP-43 within axotomized adult CNS neurons. Transection of the mature axons of CA3 pyramidal cells in hippocampal slice cultures leads to the formation of new axon collaterals by these cells that are GAP-43 immunopositive (McKinney et al., 1997 ...
... There is a plethora of reports documenting increases in GAP-43 within axotomized adult CNS neurons. Transection of the mature axons of CA3 pyramidal cells in hippocampal slice cultures leads to the formation of new axon collaterals by these cells that are GAP-43 immunopositive (McKinney et al., 1997 ...
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4(1): 4-7, 2012 ISSN: 2040-8773
... by ethanol itself, since in animal models, most of ethanol primary metabolite, acetaldehyde is metabolized by the placenta (Michaelis and Michaelis, 1986). However, recent studies showed that rats’ fetal brain tissue can itself form acetaldehyde from ethanol via catalase. Suggesting that acetaldehyd ...
... by ethanol itself, since in animal models, most of ethanol primary metabolite, acetaldehyde is metabolized by the placenta (Michaelis and Michaelis, 1986). However, recent studies showed that rats’ fetal brain tissue can itself form acetaldehyde from ethanol via catalase. Suggesting that acetaldehyd ...
Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus activation contributes to
... shown that sympathetic hyperactivity in HF rats is associated with increased extracellular NE in the PVN [42,43]. NE plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of HF [44,45]. GABA is a well-known inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS. A large body of evidence suggests that GABA plays an important ...
... shown that sympathetic hyperactivity in HF rats is associated with increased extracellular NE in the PVN [42,43]. NE plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of HF [44,45]. GABA is a well-known inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS. A large body of evidence suggests that GABA plays an important ...