Differential Adaptations of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary
... Besides TH control of proTRH transcription, corticosterone is also able to regulate it. Rat TRH gene promoter also contains a consensus region for glucocorticoids; it is a composite GRE element (cGRE) that is located at -218, -197 bp. It has been studied the effect of corticosterone or the synthetic ...
... Besides TH control of proTRH transcription, corticosterone is also able to regulate it. Rat TRH gene promoter also contains a consensus region for glucocorticoids; it is a composite GRE element (cGRE) that is located at -218, -197 bp. It has been studied the effect of corticosterone or the synthetic ...
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Metabolic control of puberty
... gonadotropic function. Without discussion, a major breakthrough in this field was the identification of the adipose hormone, leptin, as an essential neuroendocrine integrator responsible for the coupling of the state of body energy stores and different hormonal functions, including reproduction (Casan ...
... gonadotropic function. Without discussion, a major breakthrough in this field was the identification of the adipose hormone, leptin, as an essential neuroendocrine integrator responsible for the coupling of the state of body energy stores and different hormonal functions, including reproduction (Casan ...
Differential expression of galanin in the cholinergic basal forebrain
... exists as either 19 or 30-amino acid long isoforms (in contrast to 29 amino acid long as first extracted from porcine intestines) [11–13]. Galanin is known to participate in the regulation of several neuroendocrine [14] and neurotransmitter systems [15, 16] via three galanin G-protein coupled recept ...
... exists as either 19 or 30-amino acid long isoforms (in contrast to 29 amino acid long as first extracted from porcine intestines) [11–13]. Galanin is known to participate in the regulation of several neuroendocrine [14] and neurotransmitter systems [15, 16] via three galanin G-protein coupled recept ...
Evaluation of the Preventive Effect of Isoflavone Extract on Bone
... To examine a potential role for soybean phytoestrogens in postmenopausal bone loss, twenty-four 12-weekold Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 4 groups and given controlled diets for 16 weeks. The treatment groups were as followed: sham operated, ovariectomized (OVX) control, OVX + isoflav ...
... To examine a potential role for soybean phytoestrogens in postmenopausal bone loss, twenty-four 12-weekold Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 4 groups and given controlled diets for 16 weeks. The treatment groups were as followed: sham operated, ovariectomized (OVX) control, OVX + isoflav ...
Condition interference in rats performing a choice task with switched
... We first analyzed choice preferences during the extinction phase to identify whether rats had flexible or inflexible behaviors in the variable- and fixed-reward conditions. We then assessed the interference of variable- and fixed-reward conditions in the choice behaviors. We compared conditional cho ...
... We first analyzed choice preferences during the extinction phase to identify whether rats had flexible or inflexible behaviors in the variable- and fixed-reward conditions. We then assessed the interference of variable- and fixed-reward conditions in the choice behaviors. We compared conditional cho ...
Delineation of motoneuron subgroups supplying
... stabilize gaze during locomotion to compensate for head and body movements (Leigh and Zee, 2006; Horn and Leigh, 2011). The motor and premotor pathways for several eye movement types, e.g. saccades and the vestibulo-ocular reflex, are well studied in monkey, and they form the basis for assessing the ...
... stabilize gaze during locomotion to compensate for head and body movements (Leigh and Zee, 2006; Horn and Leigh, 2011). The motor and premotor pathways for several eye movement types, e.g. saccades and the vestibulo-ocular reflex, are well studied in monkey, and they form the basis for assessing the ...
Role of sulfation in thyroid hormone metabolism
... (AST) I and AST IV with an assay utilizing 100 #M [35S]PAPS and 50 #M substrate. AST I and AST IV showed similar sulfation rates with T3 but varying activities with other iodothyronines. The substrate preferences of these enzymes overlapped for some compounds (e.g. 3,3'-T 2 > T 3 > rT3 > T4, with T4 ...
... (AST) I and AST IV with an assay utilizing 100 #M [35S]PAPS and 50 #M substrate. AST I and AST IV showed similar sulfation rates with T3 but varying activities with other iodothyronines. The substrate preferences of these enzymes overlapped for some compounds (e.g. 3,3'-T 2 > T 3 > rT3 > T4, with T4 ...
Circadian and histaminergic regulation of the sleep
... During 6-hours of sleep deprivation, the histamine release was constantly upregulated and comparable to its level during wakefulness, whereas when the sleep deprivation ceased, the release of histamine immediately dropped to the baseline level. Constant administration of histamine into the basal for ...
... During 6-hours of sleep deprivation, the histamine release was constantly upregulated and comparable to its level during wakefulness, whereas when the sleep deprivation ceased, the release of histamine immediately dropped to the baseline level. Constant administration of histamine into the basal for ...
THALAMOAMYGDALOID CONNECTIONS STUDIED BY THE
... It is generally supposed that amygdalopetal connections of the thalamus originate mainly in the mediodorsal nucleus (10, 12). Only recently another system of thalamoamygdaloid connections has been shown which arises in neumns of the posterior thalamic region (6, 7, 15). Moreover, some investigations ...
... It is generally supposed that amygdalopetal connections of the thalamus originate mainly in the mediodorsal nucleus (10, 12). Only recently another system of thalamoamygdaloid connections has been shown which arises in neumns of the posterior thalamic region (6, 7, 15). Moreover, some investigations ...
effect of race, gender and age on thyroid and thyroid stimulating
... study18,21, while some workers showed a higher TSH level with an increase in age19,22. This difference may be due to the fact that the subjects in that study were not screened for any kind of illness that may affect the thyroid function tests. In the present work we selected normal and healthy indiv ...
... study18,21, while some workers showed a higher TSH level with an increase in age19,22. This difference may be due to the fact that the subjects in that study were not screened for any kind of illness that may affect the thyroid function tests. In the present work we selected normal and healthy indiv ...
Aggression in Drosophila - American Psychological Association
... opponent. If the same animal lunges again during a fight, however, several or many of the motor sequences that make up the pattern may be omitted. The ability of animals to change patterns in this way makes good sense, as the success or failure of a lunge in striking an opponent depends on what the ...
... opponent. If the same animal lunges again during a fight, however, several or many of the motor sequences that make up the pattern may be omitted. The ability of animals to change patterns in this way makes good sense, as the success or failure of a lunge in striking an opponent depends on what the ...
Chronic Quinolinic Acid Lesions in Rats Closely Resemble
... sonicated, extracted, and assayed for somatostatin-like immunoreactivity, neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity, substance P-like immunoreactivity, and GABA as previously described (Arnold et al., 1982; Beal et al., 1986b Beal and Mazurek, 1987; Ellison et al., 1987a). Monoamines and their metabolite ...
... sonicated, extracted, and assayed for somatostatin-like immunoreactivity, neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity, substance P-like immunoreactivity, and GABA as previously described (Arnold et al., 1982; Beal et al., 1986b Beal and Mazurek, 1987; Ellison et al., 1987a). Monoamines and their metabolite ...
Peripheral Injection of Chicken Growth Hormone
... We showed here that IP injection of GHRH47 significantly decreased food intake in chicks (Fig. 1). Since GHRH47 was demonstrated to inhibit feeding behavior when administered centrally (Tachibana et al., 2015), both central and peripheral GHRH47 is expected to be related to the regulation of feeding ...
... We showed here that IP injection of GHRH47 significantly decreased food intake in chicks (Fig. 1). Since GHRH47 was demonstrated to inhibit feeding behavior when administered centrally (Tachibana et al., 2015), both central and peripheral GHRH47 is expected to be related to the regulation of feeding ...
Mareckova, Klara (2013) Sex differences and the role of sex
... First of all, I would like to thank Prof. Tomáš Paus, with whom I started my MSc program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging at the University of Nottingham in September 2008 and with whom I have moved to Toronto in January 2010 to study for my PhD at the Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest ...
... First of all, I would like to thank Prof. Tomáš Paus, with whom I started my MSc program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging at the University of Nottingham in September 2008 and with whom I have moved to Toronto in January 2010 to study for my PhD at the Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest ...
resolução: extreme athletes
... of the male sex hormone, androgen. It promotes the growth of skeletal muscle and the development of male sexual characteristics (androgenic effects), and also has some other effects. The term "anabolic steroids" will be used because of its familiarity, although the proper term for these compounds is ...
... of the male sex hormone, androgen. It promotes the growth of skeletal muscle and the development of male sexual characteristics (androgenic effects), and also has some other effects. The term "anabolic steroids" will be used because of its familiarity, although the proper term for these compounds is ...
What makes girls participate in sport? An analysis of biological
... I declare that this is a true copy of my thesis, including any final revisions, as approved by my thesis committee and the Graduate Studies office, and that this thesis has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other University or Institution. ...
... I declare that this is a true copy of my thesis, including any final revisions, as approved by my thesis committee and the Graduate Studies office, and that this thesis has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other University or Institution. ...
University of Groningen Maternal androgens in egg yolks Eising
... that sex steroids of maternal origin may play a role in adaptive sex ratio manipulation. For sex determination the eggs have to be incubated to allow the germinal disc to grow and thus extract sufficient DNA. This means that yolk hormone levels are determined after a number of days of incubation and t ...
... that sex steroids of maternal origin may play a role in adaptive sex ratio manipulation. For sex determination the eggs have to be incubated to allow the germinal disc to grow and thus extract sufficient DNA. This means that yolk hormone levels are determined after a number of days of incubation and t ...
Neuronal Cell Death and Degeneration through Increased
... HIV-infected people are unclear. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the mechanisms of increased neurodegeneration in 5-month old male HIV-1 Transgenic (Tg) rats compared to the age- and gender-matched wild-type (WT) by evaluating histological changes and biochemical parameters of the key ...
... HIV-infected people are unclear. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the mechanisms of increased neurodegeneration in 5-month old male HIV-1 Transgenic (Tg) rats compared to the age- and gender-matched wild-type (WT) by evaluating histological changes and biochemical parameters of the key ...
Growth hormone regulates the balance between bone formation and
... of bone growth and in adults may play an equally important role in regulating bone remodeling. Osteoblasts and chondrocytes have receptors for GH, and addition of the hormone to these cells in vitro increases cell proliferation and differentiation.(1) Congenital GH deficiency in humans and laborator ...
... of bone growth and in adults may play an equally important role in regulating bone remodeling. Osteoblasts and chondrocytes have receptors for GH, and addition of the hormone to these cells in vitro increases cell proliferation and differentiation.(1) Congenital GH deficiency in humans and laborator ...
The rat ponto-medullary network responsible for paradoxical
... the midline. Neurones specifically active during PS were found 6500-7000 µm below brain surface, and 500µm ventral to rostral locus coeruleus nucleus (LC) or mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MEV). LC noradrenergic neurones were characterized by their specific activity during waking (Gervasoni et al ...
... the midline. Neurones specifically active during PS were found 6500-7000 µm below brain surface, and 500µm ventral to rostral locus coeruleus nucleus (LC) or mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MEV). LC noradrenergic neurones were characterized by their specific activity during waking (Gervasoni et al ...
Hippocampus, 22, 1703-1719
... shock intensities have been shown in previous studies to produce retention latencies that can be reduced by treatments impairing amygdalar function and enhanced by treatments enhancing it (Roozendaal et al., 2009). Rats remained in the dark compartment for an additional 15 s after the shock-dark com ...
... shock intensities have been shown in previous studies to produce retention latencies that can be reduced by treatments impairing amygdalar function and enhanced by treatments enhancing it (Roozendaal et al., 2009). Rats remained in the dark compartment for an additional 15 s after the shock-dark com ...
Glossopharyngeal Nerve Transection Eliminates
... To objectively quantif y the spatial distribution of FLI neurons within each coronal section, we parceled the traced gNST in each section into six “subfields” based on its dimensions (Fig. 1a). The gNST was first divided into three equal segments by drawing two lines perpendicular to the long axis o ...
... To objectively quantif y the spatial distribution of FLI neurons within each coronal section, we parceled the traced gNST in each section into six “subfields” based on its dimensions (Fig. 1a). The gNST was first divided into three equal segments by drawing two lines perpendicular to the long axis o ...
Hormonal Regulation of Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzymes
... rats^^. Rather, the effects of estradiol on liver P450 expression involve the hypothalamo-pituitary ^^jg64,72^ ^j^^ j^Qg^ likely result from an estrogendependent increase in the interpeak baseline levels of plasma GH^"^' ^^. This effect of estradiol may be sufficient to alter the sex-specific effect ...
... rats^^. Rather, the effects of estradiol on liver P450 expression involve the hypothalamo-pituitary ^^jg64,72^ ^j^^ j^Qg^ likely result from an estrogendependent increase in the interpeak baseline levels of plasma GH^"^' ^^. This effect of estradiol may be sufficient to alter the sex-specific effect ...
Dose-Response Examination of UDP
... cause thyroid proliferation by reducing serum thyroid horExposure to certain microsomal enzyme inducers that increase mones (triiodothyronine, T3, and thyroxine, T4) leading to UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDP-GT) activity decreases thy- feedback secretion of thyrotropin (TSH) (Hill et al, 1989). In ...
... cause thyroid proliferation by reducing serum thyroid horExposure to certain microsomal enzyme inducers that increase mones (triiodothyronine, T3, and thyroxine, T4) leading to UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDP-GT) activity decreases thy- feedback secretion of thyrotropin (TSH) (Hill et al, 1989). In ...