A single silent substitution in the genome of Apple stem grooving
... genome, which is located downstream from the RNAdependent RNA polymerase domain of the replicase region within ORF1 (Fig. 1). Here, we extensively analyse this clone, pRM21, and several site-directed mutagenized clones. Infectivity assays of each ASGV cDNA clone were performed as follows. RNA transc ...
... genome, which is located downstream from the RNAdependent RNA polymerase domain of the replicase region within ORF1 (Fig. 1). Here, we extensively analyse this clone, pRM21, and several site-directed mutagenized clones. Infectivity assays of each ASGV cDNA clone were performed as follows. RNA transc ...
Production of pseudotyped HIV-1 particles
... preserves proviruses able to produce functional proteins. Although it has been shown that not only the glycoproteins responsible for mediating entry have been mutated, but also integration of the viral genes in the host genome will not be properly accomplished. In order to determine potential inhibi ...
... preserves proviruses able to produce functional proteins. Although it has been shown that not only the glycoproteins responsible for mediating entry have been mutated, but also integration of the viral genes in the host genome will not be properly accomplished. In order to determine potential inhibi ...
Elisa kits Manual - Alpha Diagnostic International
... the family Flaviviridae. CSFV is closely related to the ruminant pestiviruses which cause Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVDV) and Border Disease (BDV). There is only one serotype of CSF virus (CSFV). Detection of virus or viral nucleic acid in whole blood and of antibodies in serum are the methods of choic ...
... the family Flaviviridae. CSFV is closely related to the ruminant pestiviruses which cause Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVDV) and Border Disease (BDV). There is only one serotype of CSF virus (CSFV). Detection of virus or viral nucleic acid in whole blood and of antibodies in serum are the methods of choic ...
Can a leaf sample from a field planting be considered as an official
... with leaf samples due to the interference of tannins and starches. The underestimation was because of distribution of virus through the plant and the effect on sensitivity of the tuber matrix. To limit the effect these disadvantages have on the test result, scientists allow the tubers to sprout or t ...
... with leaf samples due to the interference of tannins and starches. The underestimation was because of distribution of virus through the plant and the effect on sensitivity of the tuber matrix. To limit the effect these disadvantages have on the test result, scientists allow the tubers to sprout or t ...
Viruses I - University of Florida
... From Carrington et al. (1996) Plant Cell Vol. 8 (10):1669-1681 ...
... From Carrington et al. (1996) Plant Cell Vol. 8 (10):1669-1681 ...
Blueberry scorch carlavirus
... complete necrosis of flowers, partial necrosis of leaves, twig dieback, leading eventually to plant death. Others may show a total absence of symptoms. Marginal chlorosis of leaves is also observed on some cultivars. On cultivars expressing symptoms, there is often a latent period of up to two years ...
... complete necrosis of flowers, partial necrosis of leaves, twig dieback, leading eventually to plant death. Others may show a total absence of symptoms. Marginal chlorosis of leaves is also observed on some cultivars. On cultivars expressing symptoms, there is often a latent period of up to two years ...
Detection of West Nile virus sequences in cerebrospinal fluid
... WNVs other than WNV-NY1999 were not available for analysis, the primer/probe sets described here are predicted to detect lineage I WNVs, viruses associated with outbreaks of acute illness. Our results suggest that the detection of WNV-NY1999 sequences in CSF correlates with a poor prognosis particul ...
... WNVs other than WNV-NY1999 were not available for analysis, the primer/probe sets described here are predicted to detect lineage I WNVs, viruses associated with outbreaks of acute illness. Our results suggest that the detection of WNV-NY1999 sequences in CSF correlates with a poor prognosis particul ...
Chapter 5 Gases - Colorado Mountain College
... • Changes to viral genomes as a result of mutation or gene exchanges can alter the properties of a viral disease • emerging disease • A disease that was previously unknown, is new to humans, or has recently begun spreading to a new region ...
... • Changes to viral genomes as a result of mutation or gene exchanges can alter the properties of a viral disease • emerging disease • A disease that was previously unknown, is new to humans, or has recently begun spreading to a new region ...
chapter19_Sections 1-5-Viruses Bacteria and Archaeans
... • Changes to viral genomes as a result of mutation or gene exchanges can alter the properties of a viral disease • emerging disease • A disease that was previously unknown, is new to humans, or has recently begun spreading to a new region ...
... • Changes to viral genomes as a result of mutation or gene exchanges can alter the properties of a viral disease • emerging disease • A disease that was previously unknown, is new to humans, or has recently begun spreading to a new region ...
Phosphoproteomic Analysis of the Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Virion
... (10 U/mL). Confluent monolayers of CRIB-1 cells were infected with BHV-1 Cooper strain (ATCC VR864) at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1.0 PFU per cell. At 24 hpi, the supernatant was collected. Cell debris was removed through light centrifugation at 4°C for 30 minutes. Supernatant containing v ...
... (10 U/mL). Confluent monolayers of CRIB-1 cells were infected with BHV-1 Cooper strain (ATCC VR864) at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1.0 PFU per cell. At 24 hpi, the supernatant was collected. Cell debris was removed through light centrifugation at 4°C for 30 minutes. Supernatant containing v ...
The Effect of Sweet Potato Virus Disease and its Viral Components
... strain groups, the east African (EA) and west African (WA), both of which are able to cause synergistic disease (Ishak et al., 2003; Tairo 2005). The titers of this virus are relatively high in infected plants. Interestingly, the titers do not change significantly after co-infection with SPFMV (Kary ...
... strain groups, the east African (EA) and west African (WA), both of which are able to cause synergistic disease (Ishak et al., 2003; Tairo 2005). The titers of this virus are relatively high in infected plants. Interestingly, the titers do not change significantly after co-infection with SPFMV (Kary ...
Pharmacology of Antivirals for HZV and VSV Skin Infections
... A. Nucleoside analogues are converted to nucleotide triphosphates and competitively inhibit viral DNA polymerase. B. Nucleoside analogues are converted to nucleotide triphosphates and competitively inhibit viral RNA polymerase. C. Nucleoside analogues are converted to nucleotide triphosphates and co ...
... A. Nucleoside analogues are converted to nucleotide triphosphates and competitively inhibit viral DNA polymerase. B. Nucleoside analogues are converted to nucleotide triphosphates and competitively inhibit viral RNA polymerase. C. Nucleoside analogues are converted to nucleotide triphosphates and co ...
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus: virulence factors and improved control
... Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) causes a diverse disease syndrome (BVD) in cattle, with notably variable clinical signs of infection. In most countries with intensive cattle rearing the BVD prevalence is high, and thus considered to be a major loss-inducing endemic viral disease of cattle. Based ...
... Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) causes a diverse disease syndrome (BVD) in cattle, with notably variable clinical signs of infection. In most countries with intensive cattle rearing the BVD prevalence is high, and thus considered to be a major loss-inducing endemic viral disease of cattle. Based ...
PC 289 final psg
... in both samples. The samples deteriorated quickly and it was not possible to confirm the original ELISA test result or to identify the virus by PCR and DNA sequencing. ...
... in both samples. The samples deteriorated quickly and it was not possible to confirm the original ELISA test result or to identify the virus by PCR and DNA sequencing. ...
Antiviral Research Rapid sequence-based diagnosis of viral infection
... frequently fail with viruses characterized by high mutation rates and genetic variability. Although degenerate primers and probes can be designed to accommodate sequence divergence, this typically entails a compromise in sensitivity. An additional confounding factor, perhaps the most significant, is ...
... frequently fail with viruses characterized by high mutation rates and genetic variability. Although degenerate primers and probes can be designed to accommodate sequence divergence, this typically entails a compromise in sensitivity. An additional confounding factor, perhaps the most significant, is ...
Overview of virus life cycle
... Newly synthesized DNA exists as concatamers, cleaved to appropriate size during packaging ...
... Newly synthesized DNA exists as concatamers, cleaved to appropriate size during packaging ...
This leaflet is to tell you about Viral Gastroenteritis. Although this
... from food. The virus can survive in the environment for several days. These viruses are rarely caught from an animal. It is very easy to catch because the vomit and diarrhoea of an infected person contains millions of virus particles, while the number needed to transmit Norovirus infection can be as ...
... from food. The virus can survive in the environment for several days. These viruses are rarely caught from an animal. It is very easy to catch because the vomit and diarrhoea of an infected person contains millions of virus particles, while the number needed to transmit Norovirus infection can be as ...
Full-Text PDF
... For the IG group cats, positive results appeared on the 6th day post-inoculation. PCR was used to detect FHV-1 DNA extracted from the specimens, which included nose washing fluid, eye swabs and swallow swabs. Positive results were found on the 10th day and 16th day for the EG group cats and the cont ...
... For the IG group cats, positive results appeared on the 6th day post-inoculation. PCR was used to detect FHV-1 DNA extracted from the specimens, which included nose washing fluid, eye swabs and swallow swabs. Positive results were found on the 10th day and 16th day for the EG group cats and the cont ...
Transmission of Little cherry virus
... sweet cherry and has a great impact on fruit quality of infected trees. Symptoms of infection consist of small angular and pointed fruit that do not ripen fully and are imperfectly coloured. Fruit have reduced sweetness and are unsuitable for consumption. The disease is readily graft–transmissible f ...
... sweet cherry and has a great impact on fruit quality of infected trees. Symptoms of infection consist of small angular and pointed fruit that do not ripen fully and are imperfectly coloured. Fruit have reduced sweetness and are unsuitable for consumption. The disease is readily graft–transmissible f ...
Viral Detection
... • ~6kb IAP sequences • No clear evidence of a CJD specific sequence of IAP RNA • If IAPs are involved with the CJD nucleic acid, it is either co-packed in the core or uses IAP products to proliferate • Second theory: Completely independent CJD viral complex, only similar to IAP • Supported by presen ...
... • ~6kb IAP sequences • No clear evidence of a CJD specific sequence of IAP RNA • If IAPs are involved with the CJD nucleic acid, it is either co-packed in the core or uses IAP products to proliferate • Second theory: Completely independent CJD viral complex, only similar to IAP • Supported by presen ...
Optimizing detection and management of virus diseases of plants
... take 5-30 minutes to obtain a result. The number of available virus dipsticks is small compared to ELISA, but are increasing yearly. Since these methods depend on testing for a specific virus, or in some cases virus group, negative results only reflect the absence of those viruses tested for, but ne ...
... take 5-30 minutes to obtain a result. The number of available virus dipsticks is small compared to ELISA, but are increasing yearly. Since these methods depend on testing for a specific virus, or in some cases virus group, negative results only reflect the absence of those viruses tested for, but ne ...
Virology Techniques
... most abundant biological entity on the planet. Many animal disease systems serve well as models for human disease. Many of the techniques used in the study of viruses are the same whether they infect plants or warm- or cold-blooded creatures because the techniques are based more on the virus studie ...
... most abundant biological entity on the planet. Many animal disease systems serve well as models for human disease. Many of the techniques used in the study of viruses are the same whether they infect plants or warm- or cold-blooded creatures because the techniques are based more on the virus studie ...
Potato virus Y
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae, and one of the most important plant viruses affecting potato production.PVY infection of potato plants results in a variety of symptoms depending on the viral strain. The mildest of these symptoms is production loss, but the most detrimental is 'potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease' (PTNRD). Necrotic ringspots render potatoes unmarketable and can therefore result in a significant loss of income. PVY is transmissible by aphid vectors but may also remain dormant in seed potatoes. This means that using the same line of potato for production of seed potatoes for several consecutive generations will lead to a progressive increase in viral load and subsequent loss of crop.An increase in potato plant infection with viruses over the past few years has led to considerable losses to the South African potato industry. The increased rate of infection may be attributed to several factors. These include a marked decrease in the effectiveness and administration of chemicals used in vector control, the use of infected seed potatoes in cultivation, incorrect irrigation and farming methods as well as a lack of a sensitive, rapid and reliable method of detection. An increase in the average temperature of winters as a consequence of global warming has also led to an increase in aphid numbers, which in turn has led to an increase in viral distribution.