3/12 TCOS IO symposium
... Phagocytic cells such as granulocytes, macrophages, and microglial cells of the central nervous system, which participate in the destruction and elimination of foreign material that has penetrated the body’s physical and chemical barriers, are also considered to be part of the innate immune system. ...
... Phagocytic cells such as granulocytes, macrophages, and microglial cells of the central nervous system, which participate in the destruction and elimination of foreign material that has penetrated the body’s physical and chemical barriers, are also considered to be part of the innate immune system. ...
11.8.11 seminar_Lehrer (PDF)
... Vaccine Development Vaccine safety is becoming an increasingly important criterion for newly developed vaccines for neglected, emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases or for next-generation products replacing existing vaccines. Properly selected and highly purified recombinant antigens can fill ...
... Vaccine Development Vaccine safety is becoming an increasingly important criterion for newly developed vaccines for neglected, emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases or for next-generation products replacing existing vaccines. Properly selected and highly purified recombinant antigens can fill ...
Unit 4: Infectious disease
... resist infection so that signs/symptoms and disease do not develop • Ex. I already had chicken pox once, so now I am immune to it (I won’t get it again) ...
... resist infection so that signs/symptoms and disease do not develop • Ex. I already had chicken pox once, so now I am immune to it (I won’t get it again) ...
Nursing of Adult Patients with Medical & Surgical Conditions
... – Feelings of uneasiness to impending death – Urticaria(hives) and pruritus – Cyanosis and pallor – Congestion and sneezing – Edema of the tongue and larynx with stidor – Bronchospasm, wheezing, and dyspnea – Nausea and vomiting – Diarrhea and involuntary stools – Tachycardia and hypotension ...
... – Feelings of uneasiness to impending death – Urticaria(hives) and pruritus – Cyanosis and pallor – Congestion and sneezing – Edema of the tongue and larynx with stidor – Bronchospasm, wheezing, and dyspnea – Nausea and vomiting – Diarrhea and involuntary stools – Tachycardia and hypotension ...
Immunity and how vaccines work
... • Frequency of adverse events falls with number of doses • If antibody is made -> neutralises small amount of vaccine virus in any subsequent vaccine dose e.g. MMR Non live vaccines • Frequency of adverse events increases with number of doses • Good antibody levels ->good secondary immune response • ...
... • Frequency of adverse events falls with number of doses • If antibody is made -> neutralises small amount of vaccine virus in any subsequent vaccine dose e.g. MMR Non live vaccines • Frequency of adverse events increases with number of doses • Good antibody levels ->good secondary immune response • ...
CH 40 The Immune System and Disease
... body’s reaction to to a vaccine is known as Active Immunity (body makes antibodies) If antibodies produced produced by other animals against a pathogen are injected into the bloodstream, the antibodies produce a Passive immunity against the pathogen ...
... body’s reaction to to a vaccine is known as Active Immunity (body makes antibodies) If antibodies produced produced by other animals against a pathogen are injected into the bloodstream, the antibodies produce a Passive immunity against the pathogen ...
Vaccines
... The Immune System and Passive Immunization The transfer of antibodies will not trigger the immune system There is NO presence of memory cells Risks are included Recognition of the immunoglobulin epitope by self immunoglobluin paratopes ...
... The Immune System and Passive Immunization The transfer of antibodies will not trigger the immune system There is NO presence of memory cells Risks are included Recognition of the immunoglobulin epitope by self immunoglobluin paratopes ...
TEST immune 2012 markscheme
... passive due to receiving antibodies from external sources/across placenta/from breast milk/injection; active results from facing an infection directly/through vaccination; pathogen/foreign cell invades body; leads to clonal selection/formation of B memory cells; B-cells produce specific antibodies; ...
... passive due to receiving antibodies from external sources/across placenta/from breast milk/injection; active results from facing an infection directly/through vaccination; pathogen/foreign cell invades body; leads to clonal selection/formation of B memory cells; B-cells produce specific antibodies; ...
Immunity
... built memory against it and will be able to fight it much more efficiently. • Used for health purposes to expose our bodies to a particular antigen. These antigens are usually killed or severely weakened to decrease their potency. After destroying these pathogens, the body stores some T cells as mem ...
... built memory against it and will be able to fight it much more efficiently. • Used for health purposes to expose our bodies to a particular antigen. These antigens are usually killed or severely weakened to decrease their potency. After destroying these pathogens, the body stores some T cells as mem ...
Document
... health/picthttp://www.webmd. com/oral-health/picture-ofthhttp://www.webmd.com/oral -health/picture-of-thetonsilse-tonsilsure-of-thetonsils ...
... health/picthttp://www.webmd. com/oral-health/picture-ofthhttp://www.webmd.com/oral -health/picture-of-thetonsilse-tonsilsure-of-thetonsils ...
CHAPTER 42 Pathogenesis of Fungal Infections
... III. IMMUNITY A. Innate Immunity 1. Normal persons have a high level of innate immunity to most fungal infections 2. Important receptors include a lectin-like structure on phagocytes and Toll-like receptors 3. Most fungi are readily killed by phagocytes 4. Tissue phases of dimorphic fungi resist pha ...
... III. IMMUNITY A. Innate Immunity 1. Normal persons have a high level of innate immunity to most fungal infections 2. Important receptors include a lectin-like structure on phagocytes and Toll-like receptors 3. Most fungi are readily killed by phagocytes 4. Tissue phases of dimorphic fungi resist pha ...
test ch 12 body defenses
... 8. The type of immunity mechanisms that provides a general defense by acting against anything not recognized as “ not self” is called _________________ immunity. 9. T cell mechanisms are classified as_____________ immunity. 10. Macromolecules that induce the immune system to make certain responses a ...
... 8. The type of immunity mechanisms that provides a general defense by acting against anything not recognized as “ not self” is called _________________ immunity. 9. T cell mechanisms are classified as_____________ immunity. 10. Macromolecules that induce the immune system to make certain responses a ...
Introduction to Immunity worksheet (LE)
... Innate Immunity worksheet (1) From the word bank, assign each term to the immunity heading with which it is associated. Some terms may fit more than one category and should be placed in all categories that apply. antibodies in breast milk lymphocytes stomach acid, saliva, tears complement first line ...
... Innate Immunity worksheet (1) From the word bank, assign each term to the immunity heading with which it is associated. Some terms may fit more than one category and should be placed in all categories that apply. antibodies in breast milk lymphocytes stomach acid, saliva, tears complement first line ...
Unit 8 Communicable Diseases
... An antigen enters the body and causes the immune system to respond. Lymphocytes are specialized white blood cells that coordinate and perform many specific functions of immunity. T cells and B cells ...
... An antigen enters the body and causes the immune system to respond. Lymphocytes are specialized white blood cells that coordinate and perform many specific functions of immunity. T cells and B cells ...
Document
... a. Neutralizing Antibodies (Humoral Immunity) – block HIV bonding to CD4 b. Cellular Immunity – killer T-cells destroy infected helper T-cells 3. Discovered b/c some Kenyan sex workers seem naturally immune to transmission despite high exposure.ii – Rowland-Jones a. Linked to HIV-specific cytotoxic ...
... a. Neutralizing Antibodies (Humoral Immunity) – block HIV bonding to CD4 b. Cellular Immunity – killer T-cells destroy infected helper T-cells 3. Discovered b/c some Kenyan sex workers seem naturally immune to transmission despite high exposure.ii – Rowland-Jones a. Linked to HIV-specific cytotoxic ...
Ch 35 Disease Fighting mechanisms Pre test key 2
... 14. Malaria and tuberculosis are two examples of diseases that have A. been totally eliminated from the human population. B. evolved resistance to many antibiotics. C. increased because of a lack of understanding of how vaccines work. D. recently been discovered in the United States. 15. Failing to ...
... 14. Malaria and tuberculosis are two examples of diseases that have A. been totally eliminated from the human population. B. evolved resistance to many antibiotics. C. increased because of a lack of understanding of how vaccines work. D. recently been discovered in the United States. 15. Failing to ...
Chapter 21 - Fundamentals of Microbiology
... c. Distinguish between humoral and cell mediate immunity. d. Identify the types of T- and B-cell receptors, and assess their importance to antigen recognition. e. Explain how the clonal selection activates only those B and T cells that recognize “nonself” antigens or epitopes. f. Discuss the cellula ...
... c. Distinguish between humoral and cell mediate immunity. d. Identify the types of T- and B-cell receptors, and assess their importance to antigen recognition. e. Explain how the clonal selection activates only those B and T cells that recognize “nonself” antigens or epitopes. f. Discuss the cellula ...
A41-Immune Response
... Memory B cells keep antibodies “on file” in case of future exposure to antigen ...
... Memory B cells keep antibodies “on file” in case of future exposure to antigen ...
Disease Resistance in Cattle - Utah State University Extension
... body time to respond and build the antibodies. Cattle will seldom have any protection from a vaccine until at least 10–14 days following vaccination. With many vaccines the first dose is also just a priming dose and will begin to stimulate the immune system but will not provide a protective level of ...
... body time to respond and build the antibodies. Cattle will seldom have any protection from a vaccine until at least 10–14 days following vaccination. With many vaccines the first dose is also just a priming dose and will begin to stimulate the immune system but will not provide a protective level of ...
Chapter 40 review notes
... produce immunity, they stimulate the immune system to create millions of plasma cells ready to produce specific types of antibodies should you ever be exposed to the pathogen -active and passive immunity 40-3 Immune System Disorders -allergies result when antigens from allergens bind to mast cells - ...
... produce immunity, they stimulate the immune system to create millions of plasma cells ready to produce specific types of antibodies should you ever be exposed to the pathogen -active and passive immunity 40-3 Immune System Disorders -allergies result when antigens from allergens bind to mast cells - ...
File
... Vaccination Glossary 1. Vaccine – a suspension that contains a part of a pathogen that induces the immune system to produce antibodies that combat the antigen 2. Variolation (inoculation) process – outdated vaccination technique that requires that a needle tip of smallpox be placed in the vied of a ...
... Vaccination Glossary 1. Vaccine – a suspension that contains a part of a pathogen that induces the immune system to produce antibodies that combat the antigen 2. Variolation (inoculation) process – outdated vaccination technique that requires that a needle tip of smallpox be placed in the vied of a ...
Immunization / Vaccines What is a vaccine?
... The principle of vaccination is simple–that it is easier and more effective to prevent a disease than to treat it. Its role in healthcare is to prevent infectious diseases and spare people from specific illnesses, and even to save lives. Vaccines are responsible for helping control many infectious d ...
... The principle of vaccination is simple–that it is easier and more effective to prevent a disease than to treat it. Its role in healthcare is to prevent infectious diseases and spare people from specific illnesses, and even to save lives. Vaccines are responsible for helping control many infectious d ...
ΣΕΛ
... Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which organs, tissues, and cells undergo damage mediated by tissue-binding autoantibodies and immune complexes. Ninety percent of patients are women of child-bearing years; people of both genders, all ages, and all ethnic groups are sus ...
... Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which organs, tissues, and cells undergo damage mediated by tissue-binding autoantibodies and immune complexes. Ninety percent of patients are women of child-bearing years; people of both genders, all ages, and all ethnic groups are sus ...
Immunity to Infection
... • These vaccines cannot cause disease as they contain only parts of the viruses or bacteria, but they can stimulate the body to produce an immune response that protects against infection with the whole germ. • Component vaccines have become more common with the advent of gene technology, as the anti ...
... • These vaccines cannot cause disease as they contain only parts of the viruses or bacteria, but they can stimulate the body to produce an immune response that protects against infection with the whole germ. • Component vaccines have become more common with the advent of gene technology, as the anti ...
Herd immunity
Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or social immunity) is a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune. In a population in which a large number of individuals are immune, chains of infection are likely to be disrupted, which stops or slows the spread of disease. The greater the proportion of individuals in a community who are immune, the smaller the probability that those who are not immune will come into contact with an infectious individual.Individual immunity can be gained through recovering from a natural infection or through artificial means such as vaccination. Some individuals cannot become immune due to medical reasons and in this group herd immunity is an important method of protection. Once a certain threshold has been reached, herd immunity will gradually eliminate a disease from a population. This elimination, if achieved worldwide, may result in the permanent reduction in the number of infections to zero, called eradication. This method was used for the eradication of smallpox in 1977 and for the regional elimination of other diseases. Herd immunity does not apply to all diseases, just those that are contagious, meaning that they can be transmitted from one individual to another. Tetanus, for example, is infectious but not contagious, so herd immunity does not apply.The term herd immunity was first used in 1923. It was recognized as a naturally occurring phenomenon in the 1930s when it was observed that after a significant number of children had become immune to measles, the number of new infections temporarily decreased, including among susceptible children. Mass vaccination to induce herd immunity has since become common and proved successful in preventing the spread of many infectious diseases. Opposition to vaccination has posed a challenge to herd immunity, allowing preventable diseases to persist in or return to communities that have inadequate vaccination rates.