bch424 tutorial kit - Covenant University
... ‘foreign’ body. They also combine with antibody-antigen complexes, producing lysis when the antigen is an intact cell. Their activities include: antibody-mediated immune lysis, phagocytosis, opsonization and anaphylaxis. They are triggered in a sequence, and activated by the immunoglobulins IgM and ...
... ‘foreign’ body. They also combine with antibody-antigen complexes, producing lysis when the antigen is an intact cell. Their activities include: antibody-mediated immune lysis, phagocytosis, opsonization and anaphylaxis. They are triggered in a sequence, and activated by the immunoglobulins IgM and ...
Biological functions of the complement system
... not to the complement ligand, but rather t o ligands o n endothelial cells. The ligand for LFA-I (I-CAMI) is now well known and there may be yet other ligands for CR3. There is now great intcrest in the usc of antibodies t o these molecules, both to CR3 and to LFA-I and t o the ligand I-CAM I , in p ...
... not to the complement ligand, but rather t o ligands o n endothelial cells. The ligand for LFA-I (I-CAMI) is now well known and there may be yet other ligands for CR3. There is now great intcrest in the usc of antibodies t o these molecules, both to CR3 and to LFA-I and t o the ligand I-CAM I , in p ...
Chapter 16
... • Hypothalamus normally set at 37°C • Gram-negative endotoxin cause phagocytes to release interleukin 1 • Hypothalamus releases prostaglandins that reset the hypothalamus to a high temperature • Body increases rate of metabolism and shivering to raise temperature • When IL-1 is eliminated, body temp ...
... • Hypothalamus normally set at 37°C • Gram-negative endotoxin cause phagocytes to release interleukin 1 • Hypothalamus releases prostaglandins that reset the hypothalamus to a high temperature • Body increases rate of metabolism and shivering to raise temperature • When IL-1 is eliminated, body temp ...
Recognition by innate immunity: What is recognized by innate cells
... What are the functions of classically or alternatively activated macrophages? What can be the function of matrix metalloproteinases in the development of acute inflammation? Which are the most important inflammatory cytokines? What are their local and systemic effects? Describe the acute phase respo ...
... What are the functions of classically or alternatively activated macrophages? What can be the function of matrix metalloproteinases in the development of acute inflammation? Which are the most important inflammatory cytokines? What are their local and systemic effects? Describe the acute phase respo ...
lec#8 done by Mahmoud Qaisi
... with it, so we have C1 inhibitor. C3b is spontaneously hydrolyzed in the plasma, then it’s either amplified or removed so we can regulate this thing. (I think he’s talking about the Alternative pathway in this point) C3 convertase could also be inhibited, by plasma factor 1, Decay accelerating facto ...
... with it, so we have C1 inhibitor. C3b is spontaneously hydrolyzed in the plasma, then it’s either amplified or removed so we can regulate this thing. (I think he’s talking about the Alternative pathway in this point) C3 convertase could also be inhibited, by plasma factor 1, Decay accelerating facto ...
Immunoglobulins and the Complement System
... • The C components are present in the plasma in an inactive state. • Upon activation most C components become proteolytic enzymes and act in sequence to cleave the next C component into active fragments. ...
... • The C components are present in the plasma in an inactive state. • Upon activation most C components become proteolytic enzymes and act in sequence to cleave the next C component into active fragments. ...
Immune System Disorders (Hypersensitivities ≈ Allergies)
... • Cell malfunction due to antibody binding (Grave’s Disease; thyroid gland). • Immune complex forms (rheumatoid arthritis; joints). • Cell-mediated destruction of specific cell types (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; insulin-secreting cells of pancreas). • Some individuals are genetically predis ...
... • Cell malfunction due to antibody binding (Grave’s Disease; thyroid gland). • Immune complex forms (rheumatoid arthritis; joints). • Cell-mediated destruction of specific cell types (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; insulin-secreting cells of pancreas). • Some individuals are genetically predis ...
Recognition by innate immunity What is recognized by innate cells
... !what is their local and systemic effects? What is puss? Deacribe the acute phase response which are the major proteins involved? What is their function? What is the order of sequence of the events during acute inflammation? ...
... !what is their local and systemic effects? What is puss? Deacribe the acute phase response which are the major proteins involved? What is their function? What is the order of sequence of the events during acute inflammation? ...
This is more prevalent in vascular grafts
... INCREASED ACTIVATION OF FACTOR XII FACTOR XIIA ACTIVATES FACTOR XI This is directly related to the thrombogenicity of the vascular graft material ...
... INCREASED ACTIVATION OF FACTOR XII FACTOR XIIA ACTIVATES FACTOR XI This is directly related to the thrombogenicity of the vascular graft material ...
03-Chapter-8-supplement
... Viruses that disable the type I IFN pathway frequently disable iNOS activity as well Some viruses turn iNOS on to induce inflammation, which can help in viral dissemination (e.g., Ebola Zaire) ...
... Viruses that disable the type I IFN pathway frequently disable iNOS activity as well Some viruses turn iNOS on to induce inflammation, which can help in viral dissemination (e.g., Ebola Zaire) ...
the original file
... 1. What is the evolutionary purpose of having both an innate and adaptive immune system that function as they do in humans? 2. Name 3 different types of barriers (mechanical, chemical, and microbial) that protect us from pathogens and list the key features for each category. 3. A dendritic cell phag ...
... 1. What is the evolutionary purpose of having both an innate and adaptive immune system that function as they do in humans? 2. Name 3 different types of barriers (mechanical, chemical, and microbial) that protect us from pathogens and list the key features for each category. 3. A dendritic cell phag ...
CNS Infections
... these extracell proteases that cleave IgA at hinge region, fragments ineffective ...
... these extracell proteases that cleave IgA at hinge region, fragments ineffective ...
DOC - ADAM Interactive Anatomy
... The complement system is a cascade of interdependent proteins which enhance both the innate and adaptive defenses. When activated, these proteins can: • ____________________________________________ • ____________________________________________ • ____________________________________________ ...
... The complement system is a cascade of interdependent proteins which enhance both the innate and adaptive defenses. When activated, these proteins can: • ____________________________________________ • ____________________________________________ • ____________________________________________ ...
T-cells
... Alternate Pathway: Low blood levels of C3b and protein factors B, D & P respond to foreign polysaccharides and endotoxins; results in cleaving more C3 protein. ...
... Alternate Pathway: Low blood levels of C3b and protein factors B, D & P respond to foreign polysaccharides and endotoxins; results in cleaving more C3 protein. ...
Immune system
... * C3b can covalently bind on the surface of a particle (own cell, microorganism) or reacts with water and inactivate * to bound C3b join a factor B, which is cleaved by factor D to Ba and Bb, resulting complex C3bBb is stabilized by factor P and functions as an alternative C3 convertase * C3 convert ...
... * C3b can covalently bind on the surface of a particle (own cell, microorganism) or reacts with water and inactivate * to bound C3b join a factor B, which is cleaved by factor D to Ba and Bb, resulting complex C3bBb is stabilized by factor P and functions as an alternative C3 convertase * C3 convert ...
Complement system
The complement system is a part of the immune system that helps or complements the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism. It is part of the innate immune system, which is not adaptable and does not change over the course of an individual's lifetime. However, it can be recruited and brought into action by the adaptive immune system.The complement system consists of a number of small proteins found in the blood, in general synthesized by the liver, and normally circulating as inactive precursors (pro-proteins). When stimulated by one of several triggers, proteases in the system cleave specific proteins to release cytokines and initiate an amplifying cascade of further cleavages. The end-result of this activation cascade is massive amplification of the response and activation of the cell-killing membrane attack complex. Over 30 proteins and protein fragments make up the complement system, including serum proteins, serosal proteins, and cell membrane receptors. They account for about 5% of the globulin fraction of blood serum and can serve as opsonins.Three biochemical pathways activate the complement system: the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, and the lectin pathway.