Development finance and climate finance - IIED
... (ODA). For the purposes of this paper, we use the DAC Rio marker definitions of types of climate finance as set Those who stress the differences between development out in Box 1.8 finance and climate finance highlight the text in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Defining the relati ...
... (ODA). For the purposes of this paper, we use the DAC Rio marker definitions of types of climate finance as set Those who stress the differences between development out in Box 1.8 finance and climate finance highlight the text in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Defining the relati ...
US-China Relations Core – Wave 2 – HSS
... other pressing problems — from pandemics and nuclear proliferation to terrorism and humanitarian crises — that afflict our world: The United States and the People's Republic of China have fundamentally irreconcilable political systems and antagonistic value systems. We are a liberal democracy and th ...
... other pressing problems — from pandemics and nuclear proliferation to terrorism and humanitarian crises — that afflict our world: The United States and the People's Republic of China have fundamentally irreconcilable political systems and antagonistic value systems. We are a liberal democracy and th ...
Climate Change - European Commission
... In 1994 the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) came into effect – making a large contribution towards the establishment of key principles in the international fight against climate change. In particular it defined the principle of “common but differentiated responsibiliti ...
... In 1994 the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) came into effect – making a large contribution towards the establishment of key principles in the international fight against climate change. In particular it defined the principle of “common but differentiated responsibiliti ...
Wetland Grasses and Gases: Are Tidal Wetlands Ready for the
... Tidal wetlands hold vast stores of carbon, some within standing biomass, but mostly within deep organic-bearing soils. These stores have built up over millennia and reflect significant pools of carbon dioxide (CO2) transferred from the atmosphere and sequestered within roots and other organic materi ...
... Tidal wetlands hold vast stores of carbon, some within standing biomass, but mostly within deep organic-bearing soils. These stores have built up over millennia and reflect significant pools of carbon dioxide (CO2) transferred from the atmosphere and sequestered within roots and other organic materi ...
Earth`s Energy Imbalance and Implications
... i.e., climate sensitivity is the eventual global temperature change per unit forcing. Climate sensitivity depends upon climate feedbacks, the many physical processes that come into play as climate changes in response to a forcing. Positive (amplifying) feedbacks increase the climate response, while ...
... i.e., climate sensitivity is the eventual global temperature change per unit forcing. Climate sensitivity depends upon climate feedbacks, the many physical processes that come into play as climate changes in response to a forcing. Positive (amplifying) feedbacks increase the climate response, while ...
S08-2 Mistimed reproduction due to global climate change
... underlying levels of the food chain. We offer two hypotheses in explanation, and discuss how they can be tested by manipulating laying date under field conditions and by comparing populations on a large spatial scale. We argue that the lack of advancement of laying date may be caused by a differenti ...
... underlying levels of the food chain. We offer two hypotheses in explanation, and discuss how they can be tested by manipulating laying date under field conditions and by comparing populations on a large spatial scale. We argue that the lack of advancement of laying date may be caused by a differenti ...
Understanding public complacency about climate
... the risk of harm from it (Brechin 2003; Kull 2001; Leiserowitz 2003; Taylor 2001; Krosnick et al. 2000). Yet large majorities oppose mitigation policies such as energy taxes (Leiserowitz 2003; O’Connor et al. 1999). Many advocate a “wait and see strategy.” Asked to choose which of several statements ...
... the risk of harm from it (Brechin 2003; Kull 2001; Leiserowitz 2003; Taylor 2001; Krosnick et al. 2000). Yet large majorities oppose mitigation policies such as energy taxes (Leiserowitz 2003; O’Connor et al. 1999). Many advocate a “wait and see strategy.” Asked to choose which of several statements ...
Bradford, Mark A., et al. "Climate fails to predict wood decomposition
... acknowledged decades ago9 . When fine-scale variation is considered to predict species responses, for example, local factors are of equal or more importance than climate factors in determining phenomena such as species distributions6 . Local conditions also dictate the effects of broad-scale global ...
... acknowledged decades ago9 . When fine-scale variation is considered to predict species responses, for example, local factors are of equal or more importance than climate factors in determining phenomena such as species distributions6 . Local conditions also dictate the effects of broad-scale global ...
Climate Change, Emissions Trading and Indigenous Peoples
... and a means of protecting forest-dependent communities from large-scale land clearing. However, there remain concerns with the design and implementation of avoided deforestation projects. In particular these concerns relate to how law and policy will be developed to enable appropriate tenure and nat ...
... and a means of protecting forest-dependent communities from large-scale land clearing. However, there remain concerns with the design and implementation of avoided deforestation projects. In particular these concerns relate to how law and policy will be developed to enable appropriate tenure and nat ...
The Paris Agreement and Beyond: International Climate Change
... The Paris Agreement is a breakthrough in multilateral efforts to address the threat of global climate change. For the first time, an international agreement to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions includes contributions from all of the major-emitting countries—and, indeed, a large majority of the countri ...
... The Paris Agreement is a breakthrough in multilateral efforts to address the threat of global climate change. For the first time, an international agreement to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions includes contributions from all of the major-emitting countries—and, indeed, a large majority of the countri ...
CSA Sourcebook Module 13: Mainstreaming CSA into national policies and programmes
... global food security and addressing climate change (FAO, 2012b). ...
... global food security and addressing climate change (FAO, 2012b). ...
Projecting future climate change: Implications of carbon cycle
... of carbon contained in the different reservoirs and their turnover times as well as the rates of exchange between them have been based on the analysis by Harvey [1989a] and Kheshgi et al. [1996]. The effects of land use are included by changing (decreasing with time) the total productive land area c ...
... of carbon contained in the different reservoirs and their turnover times as well as the rates of exchange between them have been based on the analysis by Harvey [1989a] and Kheshgi et al. [1996]. The effects of land use are included by changing (decreasing with time) the total productive land area c ...
No Additionality, New Conditionality
... complement existing bilateral and multilateral financial mechanisms and seek co-financing with them as much as possible; and maximize co-benefits in other areas of sustainable development, particularly in relation to sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystem services (World Bank, 200 ...
... complement existing bilateral and multilateral financial mechanisms and seek co-financing with them as much as possible; and maximize co-benefits in other areas of sustainable development, particularly in relation to sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystem services (World Bank, 200 ...
CBDAMPIC
... societal issues of global concern. Most countries are already experiencing disruptive changes consistent with many of the anticipated consequences of global climate change, including extensive coastal erosion, droughts, coral bleaching, more widespread and frequent occurrence of mosquito-borne disea ...
... societal issues of global concern. Most countries are already experiencing disruptive changes consistent with many of the anticipated consequences of global climate change, including extensive coastal erosion, droughts, coral bleaching, more widespread and frequent occurrence of mosquito-borne disea ...
Climate predictability - Institut Català de Ciències del Clima
... slow-varying changes associated with global warming. This dissertation particularly focus on these two topics. On the one hand, a new precursory signal is introduced to improve the forecast and our understanding of El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon, which represents the most prominent modulat ...
... slow-varying changes associated with global warming. This dissertation particularly focus on these two topics. On the one hand, a new precursory signal is introduced to improve the forecast and our understanding of El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon, which represents the most prominent modulat ...
Linköping University Postprint Technology obscuring equity
... 1. Introduction Almost all parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agree that stronger commitments must be made after the commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ends in 2012. The discussions concerning future commitments set forth in the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Com ...
... 1. Introduction Almost all parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agree that stronger commitments must be made after the commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ends in 2012. The discussions concerning future commitments set forth in the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Com ...
Climate Change Fact Sheet Series
... ecosystems to suitably adapt, and the rate of species extinction will most likely increase. In addition to impacts on wildlife and species biodiversity, human agriculture, forestry, water resources and health will all be affected. Such impacts will be related to changes in precipitation (rainfall an ...
... ecosystems to suitably adapt, and the rate of species extinction will most likely increase. In addition to impacts on wildlife and species biodiversity, human agriculture, forestry, water resources and health will all be affected. Such impacts will be related to changes in precipitation (rainfall an ...
A Sign of Things to Come? Examining four major climate
... hypothetical scenarios for larger or more frequent events, and how these might impact food security. In this report, explorative scenario analysis demonstrates the potential for adaptive capacities to be overwhelmed and vulnerable communities to be driven to extremes. It has become apparent that the ...
... hypothetical scenarios for larger or more frequent events, and how these might impact food security. In this report, explorative scenario analysis demonstrates the potential for adaptive capacities to be overwhelmed and vulnerable communities to be driven to extremes. It has become apparent that the ...
9 IEAGHG Information Paper 2014-19: Report on London Convention meeting LC-36... Very slow progress on Export of CO
... Unmitigated climate change would create increasing risks to economic growth ...
... Unmitigated climate change would create increasing risks to economic growth ...
Climate Change and Your Health: Rising Temperatures, Worsening
... A survey of some of the published studies that investigate the connections between climate change and ozone levels provided rough estimates of climate penalty factors. The majority surveyed were air quality modeling studies using various models, climate scenarios, time horizons, and regions of fo ...
... A survey of some of the published studies that investigate the connections between climate change and ozone levels provided rough estimates of climate penalty factors. The majority surveyed were air quality modeling studies using various models, climate scenarios, time horizons, and regions of fo ...
Are You suprised ?
... of living. In Yemen as in other developing countries, climate change is crucial to the extent that it can affect the national objectives like protection of environment and sustainable development. Yemen`s main national priorities are to improve its physical infrastructure, develop its human resource ...
... of living. In Yemen as in other developing countries, climate change is crucial to the extent that it can affect the national objectives like protection of environment and sustainable development. Yemen`s main national priorities are to improve its physical infrastructure, develop its human resource ...
The net climate impact of coal
... Coal combustion currently produces roughly 27% of the world’s energy, second only to crude oil, and is the largest single source of electricity (∼41%). Coal is also a major industrial and residential fuel in some countries. At current consumption rates, enough reserves are available to last more tha ...
... Coal combustion currently produces roughly 27% of the world’s energy, second only to crude oil, and is the largest single source of electricity (∼41%). Coal is also a major industrial and residential fuel in some countries. At current consumption rates, enough reserves are available to last more tha ...
Preventing El Niño Southern Oscillation Episodes from Becoming
... focused on prevention and bridged the humanitarian-development nexus. Despite the progress made and an abundance of good practice examples, there is no question that a much greater sense of focus and urgency is required to ensure that future ENSO events do not result in the scale of emergency caused ...
... focused on prevention and bridged the humanitarian-development nexus. Despite the progress made and an abundance of good practice examples, there is no question that a much greater sense of focus and urgency is required to ensure that future ENSO events do not result in the scale of emergency caused ...
Chapter 6- Canada in a Changing Climate: Sector Perspectives on
... Climate-related shifts in species distributions have already been documented in Canada. Future range shifts will include expansion, contraction and fragmentation in species-specific patterns. In many locations, differential range shifts among species are likely to result in novel ecosystems. Phenolo ...
... Climate-related shifts in species distributions have already been documented in Canada. Future range shifts will include expansion, contraction and fragmentation in species-specific patterns. In many locations, differential range shifts among species are likely to result in novel ecosystems. Phenolo ...
Climate Change Action Plan for the Florida Reef System (2010
... for the past 30 years. These observations coupled with directed scientific research have determined several of the compounding stresses that negatively impact our reef ecosystem. We have endeavored to take independent and discrete actions to address these local stresses across Florida and have achie ...
... for the past 30 years. These observations coupled with directed scientific research have determined several of the compounding stresses that negatively impact our reef ecosystem. We have endeavored to take independent and discrete actions to address these local stresses across Florida and have achie ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.