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... While the afore mentioned efforts have constituted government-driven measures of adaptation, farmer-driven measures of adapting to climate change especially in regard to the arid and semi arid regions in Kenya are not very well known. This is despite the fact that that some of these places have in t ...
... While the afore mentioned efforts have constituted government-driven measures of adaptation, farmer-driven measures of adapting to climate change especially in regard to the arid and semi arid regions in Kenya are not very well known. This is despite the fact that that some of these places have in t ...
NRDC: Hotter and Drier - The West`s Changed Climate
... uman activities are already changing the climate of the American West. This report by the Rocky Mountain Climate Organization (RMCO) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), drawn from 50 scientific studies, 125 other government and scientific sources, and our own new analyses, documents th ...
... uman activities are already changing the climate of the American West. This report by the Rocky Mountain Climate Organization (RMCO) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), drawn from 50 scientific studies, 125 other government and scientific sources, and our own new analyses, documents th ...
How does CDP & the Climate Disclosure Standards Board drive change?
... “We are a group of companies and investors sharing a concern that financial markets do not yet take sufficient account of climate-related corporate performance, risks and opportunities relevant to future shareholder value because of a lack of comprehensive and comparable information in “mainstream” ...
... “We are a group of companies and investors sharing a concern that financial markets do not yet take sufficient account of climate-related corporate performance, risks and opportunities relevant to future shareholder value because of a lack of comprehensive and comparable information in “mainstream” ...
From Impacts Assessment to Adaptation Priorities: the Shaping of
... comparatively low and often absent, and to the extent that it was present at all, it was in the context of mitigation debates. One important reason for this is that it is widely understood that in the long term adaptation will not suffice. The atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gasses will hav ...
... comparatively low and often absent, and to the extent that it was present at all, it was in the context of mitigation debates. One important reason for this is that it is widely understood that in the long term adaptation will not suffice. The atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gasses will hav ...
2. Global warming is occurring
... hottest year or the second hottest year since temperatures began to be systematically recorded in the midnineteenth century; 40 per cent of the Arctic icecap has retreated during the past several decades; and glaciers around the world have been rapidly retreating. The United Nations' Intergovernment ...
... hottest year or the second hottest year since temperatures began to be systematically recorded in the midnineteenth century; 40 per cent of the Arctic icecap has retreated during the past several decades; and glaciers around the world have been rapidly retreating. The United Nations' Intergovernment ...
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... Fifteen National Outcomes describe what the Scottish Government wants to achieve over the next ten years. National Outcome 12 states that “We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations”. Preparing for a a changing climate will contribute to ...
... Fifteen National Outcomes describe what the Scottish Government wants to achieve over the next ten years. National Outcome 12 states that “We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations”. Preparing for a a changing climate will contribute to ...
Climate: Observations, projections and impacts: South Korea
... We have reached a critical year in our response to climate change. The decisions that we made in Cancún put the UNFCCC process back on track, saw us agree to limit temperature rise to 2 °C and set us in the right direction for reaching a climate change deal to achieve this. However, we still have c ...
... We have reached a critical year in our response to climate change. The decisions that we made in Cancún put the UNFCCC process back on track, saw us agree to limit temperature rise to 2 °C and set us in the right direction for reaching a climate change deal to achieve this. However, we still have c ...
Large-scale redistribution of maximum fisheries catch potential in the
... States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii), Chile and China. Many highly impacted regions, particularly those in the tropics, are socioeconomically vulnerable to these changes. Thus, our results indicate the need to develop adaptation policy that could minimize climate change impacts through fisheries. Th ...
... States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii), Chile and China. Many highly impacted regions, particularly those in the tropics, are socioeconomically vulnerable to these changes. Thus, our results indicate the need to develop adaptation policy that could minimize climate change impacts through fisheries. Th ...
Islamabad Pakistan
... Adaptive capacity is the degree to which people, places, institutions and sectors are able to adapt and become more resilient to climate change impacts. It also identifies the extent to which the responsible institutions are capable of handling an emergency situation and the time they take to respon ...
... Adaptive capacity is the degree to which people, places, institutions and sectors are able to adapt and become more resilient to climate change impacts. It also identifies the extent to which the responsible institutions are capable of handling an emergency situation and the time they take to respon ...
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... investment in climate change adaptation options is essential (Mogues 2011). For instance, simple adaptation strategies and innovations such as crop diversification and food storage could help in smoothing consumption instead of disposing the household assets. Livestock adaptation innovations such a ...
... investment in climate change adaptation options is essential (Mogues 2011). For instance, simple adaptation strategies and innovations such as crop diversification and food storage could help in smoothing consumption instead of disposing the household assets. Livestock adaptation innovations such a ...
Changing times, changing stories: generational differences in
... The region and its people The villages of our study area, St. Mary’s, Pilot Station, Kotlik, and Chevak, are located in the LYRB and the YK Delta region (Fig. 1). St. Mary’s and Pilot Station are riverine communities located along the Yukon River; Kotlik and Chevak are located along tributaries of t ...
... The region and its people The villages of our study area, St. Mary’s, Pilot Station, Kotlik, and Chevak, are located in the LYRB and the YK Delta region (Fig. 1). St. Mary’s and Pilot Station are riverine communities located along the Yukon River; Kotlik and Chevak are located along tributaries of t ...
From `fearing` to `empowering` climate refugees: Governing climate
... persist’ (Holling 1973: 27). However, beyond this general consensus resilience can refer to different conceptions. The ‘father’ of the resilience concept, C. S. Holling (1973), was eager to distinguish between two types: engineering resilience (or resilience as maintenance) and ecological resilience ...
... persist’ (Holling 1973: 27). However, beyond this general consensus resilience can refer to different conceptions. The ‘father’ of the resilience concept, C. S. Holling (1973), was eager to distinguish between two types: engineering resilience (or resilience as maintenance) and ecological resilience ...
My Little COP Pocket Book
... Just like human relationships, there were issues that were involved in the “separation” of the countries. The “South” countries blamed the “North” countries for being supremely responsible for most of the GHG emissions since the Industrial Revolution. So, what did this mean? Well, it meant that the ...
... Just like human relationships, there were issues that were involved in the “separation” of the countries. The “South” countries blamed the “North” countries for being supremely responsible for most of the GHG emissions since the Industrial Revolution. So, what did this mean? Well, it meant that the ...
Recent radical shifts of atmospheric circulations and rapid changes
... [19] The atmospheric circulation change identified here could be a mixed response to rising greenhouse-gas-emissions forcing or unexpected natural climate variability, or both. In particular, the exceptional northeastward invasion of the poleward center of action into the Barents Sea and the final f ...
... [19] The atmospheric circulation change identified here could be a mixed response to rising greenhouse-gas-emissions forcing or unexpected natural climate variability, or both. In particular, the exceptional northeastward invasion of the poleward center of action into the Barents Sea and the final f ...
Vector-Borne Diseases: Impact of Climate
... calculations to investigate the impact of potential global climate change on specific regions. The results of these investigations depend on both the quality of the global and regional models and the choice of the climate scenario. In order to achieve information about the probability, e.g. for the ...
... calculations to investigate the impact of potential global climate change on specific regions. The results of these investigations depend on both the quality of the global and regional models and the choice of the climate scenario. In order to achieve information about the probability, e.g. for the ...
Climate change and communicable diseases in the EU
... needed to reduce current and projected adverse health impacts. Once there is motivation for action, policy-makers need to evaluate practical options (including the feasibility, benefits, effectiveness and costs of those options), and understand the availability of resources and their distribution ac ...
... needed to reduce current and projected adverse health impacts. Once there is motivation for action, policy-makers need to evaluate practical options (including the feasibility, benefits, effectiveness and costs of those options), and understand the availability of resources and their distribution ac ...
Program - Asian Development Bank
... State, trends, limitations, initiatives and opportunities of insurance. This session will discuss how the the insurance industry is promoting disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation and mitigation, financial inclusion and the broader sustainable development agenda as risk managers, risk c ...
... State, trends, limitations, initiatives and opportunities of insurance. This session will discuss how the the insurance industry is promoting disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation and mitigation, financial inclusion and the broader sustainable development agenda as risk managers, risk c ...
Climate: Observations, projections and impacts: Egypt
... in to a coherent narrative which was then reviewed. The authors and contributors of the reports are as above. ...
... in to a coherent narrative which was then reviewed. The authors and contributors of the reports are as above. ...
The Network Location of the Policy Entrepreneur
... Network Location and Policy-Oriented Behavior the climate change policy arena, especially in the US, the role of scientists has been particularly salient in the political stream as well (Pielke and Sarewitz, 2003; Oreskes, 2011) because of the highly contentious political debate about the seriousne ...
... Network Location and Policy-Oriented Behavior the climate change policy arena, especially in the US, the role of scientists has been particularly salient in the political stream as well (Pielke and Sarewitz, 2003; Oreskes, 2011) because of the highly contentious political debate about the seriousne ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... than 4 μm, which could be broken down to ultraviolet (UV) light (0.2–0.4 μm), visible light region (0.4–0.8 μm), and infrared (IR) region (longer than 0.8 μm) (μm is micrometer, equal to 10−6 m). This curve closely follows the spectrum of a black body heated to about 5,500 K with the peak of the spe ...
... than 4 μm, which could be broken down to ultraviolet (UV) light (0.2–0.4 μm), visible light region (0.4–0.8 μm), and infrared (IR) region (longer than 0.8 μm) (μm is micrometer, equal to 10−6 m). This curve closely follows the spectrum of a black body heated to about 5,500 K with the peak of the spe ...
Aviation`s Contribution to Climate Change
... GHG emissions that have a direct impact on the climate than emissions that have indirect impacts. For example, while the scientific understanding and modelling of NOx effects have substantially improved over the last few years, there is still uncertainty regarding the exact extent to which NOx emiss ...
... GHG emissions that have a direct impact on the climate than emissions that have indirect impacts. For example, while the scientific understanding and modelling of NOx effects have substantially improved over the last few years, there is still uncertainty regarding the exact extent to which NOx emiss ...
Climate Change Effects on Aquatic Biota, Ecosystem Structure and
... is possible. Taxa with short generation times (e.g., zooplankton) will be able to evolve more rapidly than those with longer generation times (e.g., fish). Furthermore, assessment of genetic variability for some taxa (e.g., mitochondrial DNA in Arctic char; 30) suggests that previous events that re ...
... is possible. Taxa with short generation times (e.g., zooplankton) will be able to evolve more rapidly than those with longer generation times (e.g., fish). Furthermore, assessment of genetic variability for some taxa (e.g., mitochondrial DNA in Arctic char; 30) suggests that previous events that re ...
Sensitivity of Amazon Regional Climate to Deforestation
... to the reduced precipitation predicted under conditions of extensive deforestation, “savannization” consequence of the “dieback” of the Amazon forests is expected in Eastern Amazonia under warming scenarios associated with anthropogenic climate change [57] [58]. Observational studies showed that a r ...
... to the reduced precipitation predicted under conditions of extensive deforestation, “savannization” consequence of the “dieback” of the Amazon forests is expected in Eastern Amazonia under warming scenarios associated with anthropogenic climate change [57] [58]. Observational studies showed that a r ...
A Complex Constellation: Displacement, Climate Change and Arctic
... MOBILITY (MIGRATION, DISPLACEMENT AND RELOCATIONS In 1990, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that the greatest single impact of climate change might be on human migration.8 The report estimated that by 2050, 150 million people could be displaced by climate change-related ...
... MOBILITY (MIGRATION, DISPLACEMENT AND RELOCATIONS In 1990, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that the greatest single impact of climate change might be on human migration.8 The report estimated that by 2050, 150 million people could be displaced by climate change-related ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.