Introducing the Transnational Climate Impacts Index
... awareness about the potential significance of transnational climate risks. We welcome constructive feedback from readers and invite suggestions for collaboration and future research. 1.1 Why ‘transnational’ risks? ...
... awareness about the potential significance of transnational climate risks. We welcome constructive feedback from readers and invite suggestions for collaboration and future research. 1.1 Why ‘transnational’ risks? ...
Indicators of Canada`s Changing Climate
... retain heat from the Earth’s surface. They are a small but extremely important part of the planet’s natural atmosphere – so important, in fact, that without them, Earth would be some 33°C cooler than it is now and too cold to support life. Since the early days of the industrial revolution some 200 y ...
... retain heat from the Earth’s surface. They are a small but extremely important part of the planet’s natural atmosphere – so important, in fact, that without them, Earth would be some 33°C cooler than it is now and too cold to support life. Since the early days of the industrial revolution some 200 y ...
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation
... Adapting to climate change involves taking action to reduce or eliminate the negative effects of climate change or to take advantage of the positive effects. Adaptation complements commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change adaptation may require changes to existing policies and ...
... Adapting to climate change involves taking action to reduce or eliminate the negative effects of climate change or to take advantage of the positive effects. Adaptation complements commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change adaptation may require changes to existing policies and ...
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... gas (GHG) emissions are of the same order of magnitude in all models, with moderately lower values in MICA and RICE. Non-cooperative emission reductions a of comparable magnitude in most models (about 10 percent of emissions), and about half of that in RICE. In the social optimum, emissions are stro ...
... gas (GHG) emissions are of the same order of magnitude in all models, with moderately lower values in MICA and RICE. Non-cooperative emission reductions a of comparable magnitude in most models (about 10 percent of emissions), and about half of that in RICE. In the social optimum, emissions are stro ...
Relationship with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
... The first annual meeting will take place in conjunction with the COP22 in Marrakech, Morocco. The meeting is to be chaired and led by the Co-Chairs of the GCF Board and organized in collaboration with the GCF and UNFCCC Secretariats. The Co-chairs of the Board briefed the Co-Chairs of the Standing C ...
... The first annual meeting will take place in conjunction with the COP22 in Marrakech, Morocco. The meeting is to be chaired and led by the Co-Chairs of the GCF Board and organized in collaboration with the GCF and UNFCCC Secretariats. The Co-chairs of the Board briefed the Co-Chairs of the Standing C ...
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... One consequence of climate change in sub Saharan Africa is that farmers will be more exposed to environmental risk. More erratic and scarce rainfall and higher temperature imply that farmers will be facing a larger extent of uncertainty. A prime example is Ethiopia. Rainfall variability and associat ...
... One consequence of climate change in sub Saharan Africa is that farmers will be more exposed to environmental risk. More erratic and scarce rainfall and higher temperature imply that farmers will be facing a larger extent of uncertainty. A prime example is Ethiopia. Rainfall variability and associat ...
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation
... Adapting to climate change involves taking action to reduce or eliminate the negative effects of climate change or to take advantage of the positive effects. Adaptation complements commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change adaptation may require changes to existing policies and ...
... Adapting to climate change involves taking action to reduce or eliminate the negative effects of climate change or to take advantage of the positive effects. Adaptation complements commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change adaptation may require changes to existing policies and ...
A bitter cup: climate change profile of global production of Arabica
... climate change. The average lifespan of a coffee plantation is about 30 years (Wintgens 2009) but can be more than 50 years. Existing coffee plantations may thus experience the climate change foreseen by global circulation models (GCMs). Commercial varieties in current use have a narrow genetic base ...
... climate change. The average lifespan of a coffee plantation is about 30 years (Wintgens 2009) but can be more than 50 years. Existing coffee plantations may thus experience the climate change foreseen by global circulation models (GCMs). Commercial varieties in current use have a narrow genetic base ...
Assessments of moisture fluxes east of the Andes in South America
... and the low-level jet (LLJ) east of the Andes in South America over two time periods: the first can be understood as the current climate and covers the period from 1980 to 1989; the second covers the period from 2080 to 2089 under a future global warming climate as projected by the Intergovernmental ...
... and the low-level jet (LLJ) east of the Andes in South America over two time periods: the first can be understood as the current climate and covers the period from 1980 to 1989; the second covers the period from 2080 to 2089 under a future global warming climate as projected by the Intergovernmental ...
Existing data and knowledge gaps about air-climate inter
... climate change (Figure 1). For example, it became clear how air pollutants contribute to climate forcing (enhancing or decreasing it) and how they affect precipitation patterns through indirect radiative forcing (IPCC, 2013). Koren et al (2014) have recently shown that even small amounts of aerosols ...
... climate change (Figure 1). For example, it became clear how air pollutants contribute to climate forcing (enhancing or decreasing it) and how they affect precipitation patterns through indirect radiative forcing (IPCC, 2013). Koren et al (2014) have recently shown that even small amounts of aerosols ...
Climate Change in Levelock, Alaska
... 90s°F. Like the design of homes and other buildings, aircraft and other vehicles are designed for operation in cold climates and may be unsuitable as temperatures become more extreme. Over the past half century, precipitation in Levelock has increased in most months of the year (SNAP). The majority ...
... 90s°F. Like the design of homes and other buildings, aircraft and other vehicles are designed for operation in cold climates and may be unsuitable as temperatures become more extreme. Over the past half century, precipitation in Levelock has increased in most months of the year (SNAP). The majority ...
Climate Change Scenarios + cov.
... “An increasing body of observations gives a collective picture of a warming world and other changes in the climate system.” (IPCC WGI TAR, 2001). These other changes include the decrease in snow cover and ice extent, rise in sea level, regional variations of precipitation patterns, and changes in ex ...
... “An increasing body of observations gives a collective picture of a warming world and other changes in the climate system.” (IPCC WGI TAR, 2001). These other changes include the decrease in snow cover and ice extent, rise in sea level, regional variations of precipitation patterns, and changes in ex ...
ACT Climate Change Adaptation Strategy
... warming climate, but government cannot respond to this change alone. Together we must prepare for the more extreme changes that lie ahead and increase our resilience in the face of them. The ACT Government leads Australia in acting to mitigate and reduce the ultimate extent of climate change through ...
... warming climate, but government cannot respond to this change alone. Together we must prepare for the more extreme changes that lie ahead and increase our resilience in the face of them. The ACT Government leads Australia in acting to mitigate and reduce the ultimate extent of climate change through ...
Mexico`s Climate Change Mid-Century Strategy
... to transform our economies. To reach the Paris goal, we must plan ahead. Instead of reinventing our past, we can create our future where growth is uninhibited by fossil fuel constraints or health impacts; a future where growth does not come at the cost of future generations. Mexico assumes its respo ...
... to transform our economies. To reach the Paris goal, we must plan ahead. Instead of reinventing our past, we can create our future where growth is uninhibited by fossil fuel constraints or health impacts; a future where growth does not come at the cost of future generations. Mexico assumes its respo ...
Rethinking Support for Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change
... World Vision International and Care International. It was established in 2009 with the aim of understanding how development interventions can contribute to adaptive capacity at the community and household level, and to inform the design and implementation of development planning by governments and n ...
... World Vision International and Care International. It was established in 2009 with the aim of understanding how development interventions can contribute to adaptive capacity at the community and household level, and to inform the design and implementation of development planning by governments and n ...
ACT Climate Change Adaptation Strategy
... warming climate, but government cannot respond to this change alone. Together we must prepare for the more extreme changes that lie ahead and increase our resilience in the face of them. The ACT Government leads Australia in acting to mitigate and reduce the ultimate extent of climate change through ...
... warming climate, but government cannot respond to this change alone. Together we must prepare for the more extreme changes that lie ahead and increase our resilience in the face of them. The ACT Government leads Australia in acting to mitigate and reduce the ultimate extent of climate change through ...
Egypt - Met Office
... available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with human health. In this case, these impacts are strongly dependant on local factors and do not easily le ...
... available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with human health. In this case, these impacts are strongly dependant on local factors and do not easily le ...
What is Climate Change and How it will effect Bangladesh?
... global warming as a result of greenhouse gas emissions. Although the basic science is now clear, the full range of effects due to human influenced climate change is still not fully understood. However, it is known that climate change in the next hundred years will be significant and by the year 2100 ...
... global warming as a result of greenhouse gas emissions. Although the basic science is now clear, the full range of effects due to human influenced climate change is still not fully understood. However, it is known that climate change in the next hundred years will be significant and by the year 2100 ...
the sahel is greening - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... There were vegetation increases in areas where rainfall was decreasing, suggesting another factor was responsible for the greening in these areas.16 This other factor might have been the rise of atmospheric CO2 levels. The aerial fertilization effect of the ongoing rise in the air’s CO2 concentratio ...
... There were vegetation increases in areas where rainfall was decreasing, suggesting another factor was responsible for the greening in these areas.16 This other factor might have been the rise of atmospheric CO2 levels. The aerial fertilization effect of the ongoing rise in the air’s CO2 concentratio ...
THE LEGAL NATURE OF JUSTICE IN REDD+ Dr Rowena Maguire
... and their lack of resources to respond to such change. The rights to development seen as necessary by developing countries to ensure economic growth in their regions and the emissions associated with industrial forms of economic growth. The fact that the nature of climate change requires cooperative ...
... and their lack of resources to respond to such change. The rights to development seen as necessary by developing countries to ensure economic growth in their regions and the emissions associated with industrial forms of economic growth. The fact that the nature of climate change requires cooperative ...
Externship Report: Rwanda
... From 2005 to 2010, a total of 1,232 beehives were removed from VNP. Beekeepers lay their hives in the forest and even if this activity does not presently represent a direct threat, it remains as the cause of related threats, such as the risk of fire while burning the hives; the possibility of beekee ...
... From 2005 to 2010, a total of 1,232 beehives were removed from VNP. Beekeepers lay their hives in the forest and even if this activity does not presently represent a direct threat, it remains as the cause of related threats, such as the risk of fire while burning the hives; the possibility of beekee ...
THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND TRANSNATIONAL
... international body for the assessment of climate change," its work is based on the contributions of thousands of scientists from around the world and its "policy-neutral" fmdings have been the basis for international negotiations (IPCC n.d.). On September 2ih, 2013, the IPCC released the first part ...
... international body for the assessment of climate change," its work is based on the contributions of thousands of scientists from around the world and its "policy-neutral" fmdings have been the basis for international negotiations (IPCC n.d.). On September 2ih, 2013, the IPCC released the first part ...
Highly Significant Responses to Anthropogenic Forcings of the
... Nmin one simply sets T 5 2 in the above equation and solves for NLE . Note that this method requires knowledge of the population standard deviation (i.e., sLE ) which we estimate from the full 40-member ensemble, but alternatively could have been inferred from the PI control if such a large ensemble ...
... Nmin one simply sets T 5 2 in the above equation and solves for NLE . Note that this method requires knowledge of the population standard deviation (i.e., sLE ) which we estimate from the full 40-member ensemble, but alternatively could have been inferred from the PI control if such a large ensemble ...
Migration, displacement, and the environment
... The concept of a climate refugee is one that is commonly used but also inadequate and misleading in the context of environmental migration and displacement 15 The 1951 Refugee Convention describes refugees as people who cross an international border when fleeing war or persecution.16 Those fleeing c ...
... The concept of a climate refugee is one that is commonly used but also inadequate and misleading in the context of environmental migration and displacement 15 The 1951 Refugee Convention describes refugees as people who cross an international border when fleeing war or persecution.16 Those fleeing c ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.