Interacting Regional-Scale Regime Shifts for Biodiversity and
... ecosystem services over the twenty-first century could be far greater than was previously predicted. We identify key policy and management opportunities at regional to global scales to avoid these shifts. Keywords: biodiversity change, human–environment interactions, tipping points, South America, S ...
... ecosystem services over the twenty-first century could be far greater than was previously predicted. We identify key policy and management opportunities at regional to global scales to avoid these shifts. Keywords: biodiversity change, human–environment interactions, tipping points, South America, S ...
Claiming and adjudicating on Mt Kilimanjaro`s
... here there are different types of expertise at work. In their extended essay on the nature of expertise, Collins and Evans (2007: 14) introduce the idea of ‘interactional’ expertise as a complement to the more conventional ‘contributory’ expertise. Contributory expertise is ‘what is needed to do an ...
... here there are different types of expertise at work. In their extended essay on the nature of expertise, Collins and Evans (2007: 14) introduce the idea of ‘interactional’ expertise as a complement to the more conventional ‘contributory’ expertise. Contributory expertise is ‘what is needed to do an ...
Antarctic climate change and the environment
... are scattered through the ACC. As a result the Southern Ocean is classified as a High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) region. Through photosynthesis, the growth of phytoplankton extracts CO2 from the atmosphere and pumps it to the seabed or into subsurface waters through the sinking of decaying orga ...
... are scattered through the ACC. As a result the Southern Ocean is classified as a High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) region. Through photosynthesis, the growth of phytoplankton extracts CO2 from the atmosphere and pumps it to the seabed or into subsurface waters through the sinking of decaying orga ...
Potential future climatic conditions on tourists: A case study focusing
... order to look at the suitability of Hungarian climate for general tourism purposes (such as sightseeing, shopping, and other light outdoor activities). They also managed to adjust the TCI to a ten-day scale rather than the original monthly averages of the climatic parameters, making it more relevant ...
... order to look at the suitability of Hungarian climate for general tourism purposes (such as sightseeing, shopping, and other light outdoor activities). They also managed to adjust the TCI to a ten-day scale rather than the original monthly averages of the climatic parameters, making it more relevant ...
Major Issues with IPCC Report
... acted as peer-reviewers for each other’s work. [4] Of the 44 contributing authors, more than half have coauthored papers with the Lead Authors or Coordinating Lead Authors. The review editor of that chapter - who was also a Coordinating Lead Author for the corresponding chapter of the previous asses ...
... acted as peer-reviewers for each other’s work. [4] Of the 44 contributing authors, more than half have coauthored papers with the Lead Authors or Coordinating Lead Authors. The review editor of that chapter - who was also a Coordinating Lead Author for the corresponding chapter of the previous asses ...
The science of climate change in Africa: impacts and
... Attempting to understand the effects of climate change on Africa is fraught with difficulties. While some things are known and relatively well understood, there is still great uncertainty about the key climatic processes and their consequences. There is also much that is simply unknown. In this repo ...
... Attempting to understand the effects of climate change on Africa is fraught with difficulties. While some things are known and relatively well understood, there is still great uncertainty about the key climatic processes and their consequences. There is also much that is simply unknown. In this repo ...
Climate Ready Stirling`s Main Issues Report
... (Section 2), identify how the community could be impacted by those changes (Section 3), and then identify the steps they can take to adapt to the anticipated impacts (Section 4). Planning to adapt to the impacts of climate change can help communities save money, make better long-term decisions, and ...
... (Section 2), identify how the community could be impacted by those changes (Section 3), and then identify the steps they can take to adapt to the anticipated impacts (Section 4). Planning to adapt to the impacts of climate change can help communities save money, make better long-term decisions, and ...
PandanusOctober2016 PDF
... airplanes, which can provide high-definition images. Islands Ocean Observing System) forecasting for wave inundation modeling to analyze sea-level rise impacts and inform development and adaptation planning. Additionally, scanned historical aerial photographs of the Marshall Islands from the 1960s a ...
... airplanes, which can provide high-definition images. Islands Ocean Observing System) forecasting for wave inundation modeling to analyze sea-level rise impacts and inform development and adaptation planning. Additionally, scanned historical aerial photographs of the Marshall Islands from the 1960s a ...
Winter 2016
... their environment. The workshop served as an incubator for several review and synthesis papers, according to Barton, and as the impetus for several new data and stewardship efforts, including a global trait database and trait-based model repository and inter-comparison project. The workshop was spon ...
... their environment. The workshop served as an incubator for several review and synthesis papers, according to Barton, and as the impetus for several new data and stewardship efforts, including a global trait database and trait-based model repository and inter-comparison project. The workshop was spon ...
Climate change beliefs and perceptions of weather
... States.(6,8–11,24,25) One study did find that U.K. participants were most likely to list temperature increases in response to an open-ended question about what they knew about “climate change,” especially if it was referred to as “global warming.”(3) However, when asked directly about the impacts of ...
... States.(6,8–11,24,25) One study did find that U.K. participants were most likely to list temperature increases in response to an open-ended question about what they knew about “climate change,” especially if it was referred to as “global warming.”(3) However, when asked directly about the impacts of ...
A comprehensive set of high-resolution grids of monthly climate for
... Time-series (1901–2000) were calculated for the five climate variables for the globe at 0.5 degree resolution (CRU TS 2.0). The additions made to the CRU databases warranted a full revision of the (anomaly) time-series, rather than merely an extension to 2000. Therefore this data-set replaces the pr ...
... Time-series (1901–2000) were calculated for the five climate variables for the globe at 0.5 degree resolution (CRU TS 2.0). The additions made to the CRU databases warranted a full revision of the (anomaly) time-series, rather than merely an extension to 2000. Therefore this data-set replaces the pr ...
The influence of dynamic vegetation on the present
... temperatures. Since most of the convection over land is during the day (in the model) the impact on total rainfall may be significant. In order to test this hypothesis, we run an additional pair of experiments where the direct radiative effects of the dust are switched off. We find that there is ind ...
... temperatures. Since most of the convection over land is during the day (in the model) the impact on total rainfall may be significant. In order to test this hypothesis, we run an additional pair of experiments where the direct radiative effects of the dust are switched off. We find that there is ind ...
Risks of Climate Change on the Singapore
... Abstract: Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and many of the observed changes are unprecedented over five decades to millennia. Globally the atmosphere and ocean is increasingly getting warmer, the amount of ice on the earth is decreasing over the oceans, and the sea level has risen. Acco ...
... Abstract: Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and many of the observed changes are unprecedented over five decades to millennia. Globally the atmosphere and ocean is increasingly getting warmer, the amount of ice on the earth is decreasing over the oceans, and the sea level has risen. Acco ...
Social and cultural issues raised by climate change in Pacific Island
... and on cyclones are almost certain to occur, no matter what action is taken, as they require only a relatively small increase in GMST, and further warming of ocean waters over the next century that is virtually certain given the heating effect of the current concentration of GHGs (Hoegh-Guldberg et ...
... and on cyclones are almost certain to occur, no matter what action is taken, as they require only a relatively small increase in GMST, and further warming of ocean waters over the next century that is virtually certain given the heating effect of the current concentration of GHGs (Hoegh-Guldberg et ...
a PDF
... species. Increased storm intensity may have significant implications for coastal structures, navigation as well as marine search and rescue operations. Changing marine ecosystems will also have real implications for environmental monitoring, protection and conservation strategies.While international ...
... species. Increased storm intensity may have significant implications for coastal structures, navigation as well as marine search and rescue operations. Changing marine ecosystems will also have real implications for environmental monitoring, protection and conservation strategies.While international ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331,
... Though lightning may directly cause physical damages to power system components, sometimes it results in initiating events which leads to severe blackouts or outages. The initiating event or events can include a line sagging into vegetation, or a short on a transmission line caused by natural causes ...
... Though lightning may directly cause physical damages to power system components, sometimes it results in initiating events which leads to severe blackouts or outages. The initiating event or events can include a line sagging into vegetation, or a short on a transmission line caused by natural causes ...
- FUND - Climate Framework for Uncertainty, Negotiation
... fertilisation. The regional results from these studies are assumed to hold for each country in the respective regions. They are averaged over the studies and the climate scenarios for each country, and aggregated to the FUND regions. The standard deviations in Table A follow from the spread between ...
... fertilisation. The regional results from these studies are assumed to hold for each country in the respective regions. They are averaged over the studies and the climate scenarios for each country, and aggregated to the FUND regions. The standard deviations in Table A follow from the spread between ...
Interactive effects of multiple climate change variables on trophic
... elucidating the effects of single climate change variables on individual species. Here, we use established meta-analysis techniques to synthesize the existing literature on the interactive effects of multiple climate change variables on trophic interactions. Results: Most of the studies included in ...
... elucidating the effects of single climate change variables on individual species. Here, we use established meta-analysis techniques to synthesize the existing literature on the interactive effects of multiple climate change variables on trophic interactions. Results: Most of the studies included in ...
Provide an initial estimate of the uncertainty in UK predicted climate
... modelling framework, such as an RCM/GCM combination with identical physics, or a variable-resolution GCM such as described by Deque et al. (1998). Although the sample of models available here is necessarily small, some broad conclusions may be drawn. First, the uncertainty due to RCM formulation is ...
... modelling framework, such as an RCM/GCM combination with identical physics, or a variable-resolution GCM such as described by Deque et al. (1998). Although the sample of models available here is necessarily small, some broad conclusions may be drawn. First, the uncertainty due to RCM formulation is ...
El Niño Southern Oscillation
... El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of year-to-year (interannual) climate variability observed globally (e.g., Ropelewski and Halpert 1987, 1989; Philander 1990). Substantial advances in our understanding of ENSO since the late 1960s demonstrate that ENSO is a natural mode of cl ...
... El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of year-to-year (interannual) climate variability observed globally (e.g., Ropelewski and Halpert 1987, 1989; Philander 1990). Substantial advances in our understanding of ENSO since the late 1960s demonstrate that ENSO is a natural mode of cl ...
Why Analyze Mental Models of Local Climate Change?
... (Manuscript received 1 October 2010, in final form 2 September 2011) ABSTRACT People construct mental models of local climate change based on their observations and experiences of past climate events and changes. These mental models offer critical insight into locally important factors that trigger ...
... (Manuscript received 1 October 2010, in final form 2 September 2011) ABSTRACT People construct mental models of local climate change based on their observations and experiences of past climate events and changes. These mental models offer critical insight into locally important factors that trigger ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.