Seeing the climate? The problematic status of visual evidence in
... scientific disciplines, the IPCC has constituted the most authoritative scientific voice on the causes, impacts, and effects of climate change (Houghton 2004). When the first assessment report of the IPCC was published in 1990, “an unequivocal statement that anthropogenic climate change had been det ...
... scientific disciplines, the IPCC has constituted the most authoritative scientific voice on the causes, impacts, and effects of climate change (Houghton 2004). When the first assessment report of the IPCC was published in 1990, “an unequivocal statement that anthropogenic climate change had been det ...
- ROAR - University of East London
... signals of climate change are ever manifested in enhanced frequency and heightened intensity of extreme weather conditions such as droughts, floods, storms, hurricanes, and heat waves. Warmer temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, sea level rise, and melting glaciers are broad signifiers of ...
... signals of climate change are ever manifested in enhanced frequency and heightened intensity of extreme weather conditions such as droughts, floods, storms, hurricanes, and heat waves. Warmer temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, sea level rise, and melting glaciers are broad signifiers of ...
Marine Ecosystem Sensitivity to Climate Change
... Figure3. Comparisonof paleoenvironmentalrecordsfrom the AntarcticPeninsularegionwith differenttemporalresolutionsand duration.Theblueandpinkshadingrepresentcool andwarmperiods,respectively.Fromleftto right,resolutionof the recordincreases andits durationdecreases.The LallemandFjordrecord(Shevenellet ...
... Figure3. Comparisonof paleoenvironmentalrecordsfrom the AntarcticPeninsularegionwith differenttemporalresolutionsand duration.Theblueandpinkshadingrepresentcool andwarmperiods,respectively.Fromleftto right,resolutionof the recordincreases andits durationdecreases.The LallemandFjordrecord(Shevenellet ...
Ideas and perspectives: climate-relevant marine biologically driven
... planetary albedo and/or sea surface temperature, (ii) mechanisms which change the content and distribution of greenhouse gases or ocean’s turbulent viscosity, and (iii) mechanisms which change, for instance, the ocean’s nutrient inventory with potential consequences for the marine carbon cycle and t ...
... planetary albedo and/or sea surface temperature, (ii) mechanisms which change the content and distribution of greenhouse gases or ocean’s turbulent viscosity, and (iii) mechanisms which change, for instance, the ocean’s nutrient inventory with potential consequences for the marine carbon cycle and t ...
Reversible and irreversible impacts of greenhouse gas
... regional scale and a number of questions remain. When will the perturbations in temperature, precipitation, or sea level become indistinguishable from natural climate variability in different regions? What is the legacy of the historical GHG emissions with respect to regional climate change and ocea ...
... regional scale and a number of questions remain. When will the perturbations in temperature, precipitation, or sea level become indistinguishable from natural climate variability in different regions? What is the legacy of the historical GHG emissions with respect to regional climate change and ocea ...
characterizing the phenology of southwest landscapes
... Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, [email protected] The growing importance of phenological monitoring and modeling in the face of climate change is manifest in ongoing implementation of a U.S.A.-National Phenology Network (NPN) with regional branches. Subtropical ...
... Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, [email protected] The growing importance of phenological monitoring and modeling in the face of climate change is manifest in ongoing implementation of a U.S.A.-National Phenology Network (NPN) with regional branches. Subtropical ...
global warming - National Geographic Society
... glaciers covered large portions of the Earth. It has also gone through warm periods when temperatures were higher than they are today. Past changes in Earth’s temperature happened very slowly, over hundreds of thousands of years. However, the recent warming trend is happening much faster than it eve ...
... glaciers covered large portions of the Earth. It has also gone through warm periods when temperatures were higher than they are today. Past changes in Earth’s temperature happened very slowly, over hundreds of thousands of years. However, the recent warming trend is happening much faster than it eve ...
Work Home Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment
... 45. Adler, R. F., G. J. Huffman, D. T. Bolvin, S. Curtis, and E. J. Nelkin, 2000: Tropical rainfall distributions determined using TRMM combined with other satellite and raingauge information. J. Appl. Meteor. (TRMM Special Issue), 39, 2007-2023. 46. Curtis, S., and R. Adler, 2000: ENSO indices base ...
... 45. Adler, R. F., G. J. Huffman, D. T. Bolvin, S. Curtis, and E. J. Nelkin, 2000: Tropical rainfall distributions determined using TRMM combined with other satellite and raingauge information. J. Appl. Meteor. (TRMM Special Issue), 39, 2007-2023. 46. Curtis, S., and R. Adler, 2000: ENSO indices base ...
Predicting organismal vulnerability to climate warming: roles of
... to perturbations and its potential to adapt to change. These vulnerability criteria require behavioural, physiological and genetic data. With this information in hand, biologists can predict organisms most at risk from environmental change. Biologists and managers can then target organisms and habit ...
... to perturbations and its potential to adapt to change. These vulnerability criteria require behavioural, physiological and genetic data. With this information in hand, biologists can predict organisms most at risk from environmental change. Biologists and managers can then target organisms and habit ...
Atmospheric Sciences:
... surface of the Earth, and some of this heat goes into warming the air near the surface. The heated air rises and spreads up through the atmosphere. So the air temperature is highest near the surface and decreases as altitude increases. The pressure of the air can be related to the weight of the air ...
... surface of the Earth, and some of this heat goes into warming the air near the surface. The heated air rises and spreads up through the atmosphere. So the air temperature is highest near the surface and decreases as altitude increases. The pressure of the air can be related to the weight of the air ...
Joint projections of temperature and precipitation change from
... horizontal resolution is of the order of 250 km along the longitude and latitude directions. For our analysis we average the grid point output within the regions of interest. We then analyse one region and one season at a time. Let Ot , t = 1, . . . , 6, be a two-component vector of observed tempera ...
... horizontal resolution is of the order of 250 km along the longitude and latitude directions. For our analysis we average the grid point output within the regions of interest. We then analyse one region and one season at a time. Let Ot , t = 1, . . . , 6, be a two-component vector of observed tempera ...
Climatic change in mountain regions: a review of
... climatic (e.g., CO2, radiation) and environmental factors, such as differences in soil types. In some mountain regions, it has been shown that there is an elevation dependency on temperature trends and anomalies (e.g., Beniston and Rebetez, 1996 for the Alps; Giorgi et al., 1997), a feature that is ...
... climatic (e.g., CO2, radiation) and environmental factors, such as differences in soil types. In some mountain regions, it has been shown that there is an elevation dependency on temperature trends and anomalies (e.g., Beniston and Rebetez, 1996 for the Alps; Giorgi et al., 1997), a feature that is ...
REPORT Gridded 1 x 1 km climate and hydrological
... What will happen to water resources in Norway in a changing climate? That was one of the keys questions that the government-commissioned report ‘Klima i Norge 2100’ (HanssenBauer et al., 2015) attempted to answer. This report gives a brief description of the highresolution climate and hydrological p ...
... What will happen to water resources in Norway in a changing climate? That was one of the keys questions that the government-commissioned report ‘Klima i Norge 2100’ (HanssenBauer et al., 2015) attempted to answer. This report gives a brief description of the highresolution climate and hydrological p ...
nullius in verba - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... renewable energy do merit substantial levels of R&D investment and could well become key parts of the UK strategy for sustainable energy supply; initiatives to promote efficiency and conservation do have a part to play. But, in the light of this study, the Royal Society and the Royal Academy are con ...
... renewable energy do merit substantial levels of R&D investment and could well become key parts of the UK strategy for sustainable energy supply; initiatives to promote efficiency and conservation do have a part to play. But, in the light of this study, the Royal Society and the Royal Academy are con ...
declining mountain snowpack in western north america
... temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), and 1930, . . . 1960), but in the interest of space we focus precipitation are the only variables needed; for this on 1 April 1950–97 (Fig. 1). For the model, trends are study, a new meteorological dataset has been devel- not shown at low elevations, w ...
... temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), and 1930, . . . 1960), but in the interest of space we focus precipitation are the only variables needed; for this on 1 April 1950–97 (Fig. 1). For the model, trends are study, a new meteorological dataset has been devel- not shown at low elevations, w ...
LOCAL PRODUCT IMPLEMENTATION UPDATE Repackaging CPC …
... NWS mission does not include projections of climate change for the future decades: maximum lead of NWS climate outlooks is 12.5 months for 3 month average temperature or total precipitation NWS local staff is able to provides different educational materials on local customers: – Fact sheets on Clima ...
... NWS mission does not include projections of climate change for the future decades: maximum lead of NWS climate outlooks is 12.5 months for 3 month average temperature or total precipitation NWS local staff is able to provides different educational materials on local customers: – Fact sheets on Clima ...
Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?
... global mean CO2, 385 ppm, is already in the dangerous zone. Despite rapid current CO2 growth, ~2 ppm/year, we show that it is conceivable to reduce CO2 this century to less than the current amount, but only via prompt policy changes. 1.1. Climate Sensitivity A global climate forcing, measured in W/m ...
... global mean CO2, 385 ppm, is already in the dangerous zone. Despite rapid current CO2 growth, ~2 ppm/year, we show that it is conceivable to reduce CO2 this century to less than the current amount, but only via prompt policy changes. 1.1. Climate Sensitivity A global climate forcing, measured in W/m ...
GDI 12 – Warming Core
... considerable gap in expertise between the two groups. An alternative measure of the quality and credibility of a scientist's contribution is the number of times their work is cited by other scientists. Again, there is a considerable gap between the number of citations of papers by convinced scientis ...
... considerable gap in expertise between the two groups. An alternative measure of the quality and credibility of a scientist's contribution is the number of times their work is cited by other scientists. Again, there is a considerable gap between the number of citations of papers by convinced scientis ...
PFCs
... Over the long term, projected increases in other greenhouse gases could increasingly influence the ozone layer by cooling the stratosphere and changing stratospheric circulation. As a result of the cooling effect and reducing ODS concentrations, ozone is likely to increase over much of the stratosph ...
... Over the long term, projected increases in other greenhouse gases could increasingly influence the ozone layer by cooling the stratosphere and changing stratospheric circulation. As a result of the cooling effect and reducing ODS concentrations, ozone is likely to increase over much of the stratosph ...
EUROSION_Climate Change and Coastal and Beach Management
... global climate change. Islands often depend on rainwater, and are vulnerable to changes and distribution in rainfall. The role of biodiversity and ecosystem services in supporting the provision of economic services is discussed and illustrated in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. This is also an ...
... global climate change. Islands often depend on rainwater, and are vulnerable to changes and distribution in rainfall. The role of biodiversity and ecosystem services in supporting the provision of economic services is discussed and illustrated in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. This is also an ...
Impacts, Adaptations and Uncertainty in the face of Anthropogenic
... disease. In 2010 roughly 3.15 million hectares of forest area was burned in Canada, much of it the boreal forest (Natural Resources Canada, 2011)18. Fire disturbances are influenced by weather conditions. Increases in warm and dry weather conditions should result in increased frequency and severity ...
... disease. In 2010 roughly 3.15 million hectares of forest area was burned in Canada, much of it the boreal forest (Natural Resources Canada, 2011)18. Fire disturbances are influenced by weather conditions. Increases in warm and dry weather conditions should result in increased frequency and severity ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.