Problems with making and governing global kinds of knowledge
... global physical change’ (p. 21). I am not engaging here with arguments about whether or not human agency and culture should be represented in global models and how such representations should be achieved: for example through simulation of agentbased behaviours or through capturing the dynamics of so ...
... global physical change’ (p. 21). I am not engaging here with arguments about whether or not human agency and culture should be represented in global models and how such representations should be achieved: for example through simulation of agentbased behaviours or through capturing the dynamics of so ...
Paper - System Dynamics Society
... Climate Models and Uncertainty Scientists use a variety of models to keep track of the greenhouse gasses and their impact on the climate, as explained in the box below. Some of the models combine simulations of the atmosphere, soils, biomass and ocean response to anthropogenic emissions. The more de ...
... Climate Models and Uncertainty Scientists use a variety of models to keep track of the greenhouse gasses and their impact on the climate, as explained in the box below. Some of the models combine simulations of the atmosphere, soils, biomass and ocean response to anthropogenic emissions. The more de ...
- ACE CRC
... carbon dioxide, thereby slowing the effects of carbon emissions from human activities. Since the 1960s, when most of human carbon emissions have been made, the oceans have stored 90% of the extra heat in the earth system (Bindoff et al., 2007) and nearly 30% of the total CO2 emitted from fossil-fuel ...
... carbon dioxide, thereby slowing the effects of carbon emissions from human activities. Since the 1960s, when most of human carbon emissions have been made, the oceans have stored 90% of the extra heat in the earth system (Bindoff et al., 2007) and nearly 30% of the total CO2 emitted from fossil-fuel ...
Beyond long-term averages: making biological sense of a rapidly
... poor ability to acclimate to warming temperatures [29], and some species with relatively high rates of larval dispersal (and thus high rates of genetic exchange) likewise show apparently little geographic variation in thermal tolerance [34]. Increasing emphasis is also being placed on the potential ...
... poor ability to acclimate to warming temperatures [29], and some species with relatively high rates of larval dispersal (and thus high rates of genetic exchange) likewise show apparently little geographic variation in thermal tolerance [34]. Increasing emphasis is also being placed on the potential ...
- Opus
... global warming treatment in the field. We find that plants exposed to elevated temperatures flower earlier, as predicted by photothermal models. However, contrary to life-history trade-off expectations, they also flower at a larger vegetative size, suggesting that warming probably causes acceleratio ...
... global warming treatment in the field. We find that plants exposed to elevated temperatures flower earlier, as predicted by photothermal models. However, contrary to life-history trade-off expectations, they also flower at a larger vegetative size, suggesting that warming probably causes acceleratio ...
MATCH - Status of research
... Overall conclusions • First summary of the work undertaken to date. • Not a full assessment of the uncertainty range, but an evaluation of the influence of different policy-related and scientific choices. • The influence of scientific choices is notable. Therefore research is ongoing (see papers #2 ...
... Overall conclusions • First summary of the work undertaken to date. • Not a full assessment of the uncertainty range, but an evaluation of the influence of different policy-related and scientific choices. • The influence of scientific choices is notable. Therefore research is ongoing (see papers #2 ...
Modeling dynamics of tundra plant communities on the Yamal
... the different subzones. Initial vegetation responses to climate change during transient warming are different from the long term equilibrium responses due to shifts in the controlling mechanisms (nutrient limitation versus competition) within tundra plant communities. Keywords: tundra plant communit ...
... the different subzones. Initial vegetation responses to climate change during transient warming are different from the long term equilibrium responses due to shifts in the controlling mechanisms (nutrient limitation versus competition) within tundra plant communities. Keywords: tundra plant communit ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Forcing data A set of 0.5o × 0.5o gridded monthly climate data (air temperature, precipitation, and cloudiness), obtained from the Climate Research Unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia (New et al. 2002; Mitchell and Jones 2005), were used to drive each simulation from 1901 to 2000. We used an ...
... Forcing data A set of 0.5o × 0.5o gridded monthly climate data (air temperature, precipitation, and cloudiness), obtained from the Climate Research Unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia (New et al. 2002; Mitchell and Jones 2005), were used to drive each simulation from 1901 to 2000. We used an ...
When It Rains, It Pours
... when the sun comes out after a storm, increased temperatures accelerate the rate at which moisture evaporates from the ocean surface, from soil, from plants, and from inland water bodies. Warmer air can hold more water once it has evaporated. The water-holding capacity of the air increases roughly e ...
... when the sun comes out after a storm, increased temperatures accelerate the rate at which moisture evaporates from the ocean surface, from soil, from plants, and from inland water bodies. Warmer air can hold more water once it has evaporated. The water-holding capacity of the air increases roughly e ...
Introduction – Predicting the magnitude of global climate change
... “greenhouse gases.” In recent years, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have been increasing; this has caused some concern because accumlations of these gases affect the global climate (Bolin et al. 1986). Simulations of the Earth’s climate using models that tracked natural variability in gre ...
... “greenhouse gases.” In recent years, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have been increasing; this has caused some concern because accumlations of these gases affect the global climate (Bolin et al. 1986). Simulations of the Earth’s climate using models that tracked natural variability in gre ...
Cultural Responses to Climate Change During the Late Holocene
... most natural scientists at the time because it required full acceptance of the expanse of geologic time and rejection of the prevalent views of a young Earth. Future generations of scientists, however, most notably Charles Darwin half a century later, were encouraged by this new way of thinking to i ...
... most natural scientists at the time because it required full acceptance of the expanse of geologic time and rejection of the prevalent views of a young Earth. Future generations of scientists, however, most notably Charles Darwin half a century later, were encouraged by this new way of thinking to i ...
EFFECTS OF RISING SEAWATER TEMPERATURE ON CORAL
... waters while a chlorophyll increase in mid latitude open ocean regions has been found. There was an unusually low global ocean net primary productivity in the record hot year of 1998. That productivity rose sharply in the cooler year that followed and steadily dropped in subsequent years as climate ...
... waters while a chlorophyll increase in mid latitude open ocean regions has been found. There was an unusually low global ocean net primary productivity in the record hot year of 1998. That productivity rose sharply in the cooler year that followed and steadily dropped in subsequent years as climate ...
Marine Phytoplankton Temperature versus Growth Responses from
... Such under-utilisation of model outputs is due to the current dearth of information on the physiological performance (often expressed as fitness versus environment, [3]) of many phytoplankton groups, species or ecotypes that are key players in the biogeochemical cycling of major (C, N, P) and minor ...
... Such under-utilisation of model outputs is due to the current dearth of information on the physiological performance (often expressed as fitness versus environment, [3]) of many phytoplankton groups, species or ecotypes that are key players in the biogeochemical cycling of major (C, N, P) and minor ...
Effective media reporting of sea level rise projections: 1989–2009
... future sea level rise because the effects of dynamic ice loss from glaciers and ice sheets were not taken into account (National Research Council 2010). If the effect of ice dynamic losses was included in the sea level rise projection to 2100, the average number may be larger but it will also have a ...
... future sea level rise because the effects of dynamic ice loss from glaciers and ice sheets were not taken into account (National Research Council 2010). If the effect of ice dynamic losses was included in the sea level rise projection to 2100, the average number may be larger but it will also have a ...
Print this article - Nepal Journals Online
... perceived differences in culture as an organizing principle for natural resources management. Messerschmidt (1991) provided a framework for the study of IK (Indigenous Knowledge) and illustrates it with numerous examples from forestry research in Nepal. The framework is divided into two parts. First ...
... perceived differences in culture as an organizing principle for natural resources management. Messerschmidt (1991) provided a framework for the study of IK (Indigenous Knowledge) and illustrates it with numerous examples from forestry research in Nepal. The framework is divided into two parts. First ...
Climate in the 21st century - four scenarios for
... the global temperature rise as well as on changes in the air circulation patterns in our region (Western Europe) and the related changes in the wind. Based on the most recent results from climate research, knmi presents four new climate scenarios for the Netherlands. They replace the scenarios that ...
... the global temperature rise as well as on changes in the air circulation patterns in our region (Western Europe) and the related changes in the wind. Based on the most recent results from climate research, knmi presents four new climate scenarios for the Netherlands. They replace the scenarios that ...
... atmospheric circulation patterns which in turn alter precipitation and temperature. Land development and channelization of waterways have influenced climate on a much more local scale by altering the watershed hydrology, inducing greater erosion and accelerated sedimentation, all of which generally ...
Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea
... BACC considers it plausible that this warming is at least partly related to anthropogenic factors. So far, and in the next few decades, the signal is limited to temperature and directly related variables, such as ice conditions. Later, changes in the water cycle are expected to become obvious. T ...
... BACC considers it plausible that this warming is at least partly related to anthropogenic factors. So far, and in the next few decades, the signal is limited to temperature and directly related variables, such as ice conditions. Later, changes in the water cycle are expected to become obvious. T ...
Climate-Science Communication and the Measurement Problem
... particles: it is the divided nature of people as reasoners. Every individual, I want to suggest, employs her reasoning powers to apprehend what is known to science from two parallel perspectives simultaneously: a collective-knowledge-acquisition one, and a cultural-identity-protective one. Misappreh ...
... particles: it is the divided nature of people as reasoners. Every individual, I want to suggest, employs her reasoning powers to apprehend what is known to science from two parallel perspectives simultaneously: a collective-knowledge-acquisition one, and a cultural-identity-protective one. Misappreh ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.