Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of Selected Dicot
... time. These plants are characteristics of desert and semi desert regions. Xerophytes are the plants which are able to survive in an environment with a limited supply of water as compared to hydrophytes and mesophytes. These plants develop certain structural, anatomical and physiological adaptations ...
... time. These plants are characteristics of desert and semi desert regions. Xerophytes are the plants which are able to survive in an environment with a limited supply of water as compared to hydrophytes and mesophytes. These plants develop certain structural, anatomical and physiological adaptations ...
Auxin? - Hatboro
... prevention or promotion of stem elongation; color enhancement of fruit; prevention of leafing and/or leaf fall; and many other conditions. ...
... prevention or promotion of stem elongation; color enhancement of fruit; prevention of leafing and/or leaf fall; and many other conditions. ...
Gravitropism in Leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.
... stems and roots from mutational analyses (Okada and Shimura 1992, reviewed by Fukaki et al. 1996a, Tasaka et al. 1999, Terao-Morita and Tasaka 2004). The graviresponse is not always independent of other environmental factors in plants. Light is known to modulate gravitropism in roots, stems, apical ...
... stems and roots from mutational analyses (Okada and Shimura 1992, reviewed by Fukaki et al. 1996a, Tasaka et al. 1999, Terao-Morita and Tasaka 2004). The graviresponse is not always independent of other environmental factors in plants. Light is known to modulate gravitropism in roots, stems, apical ...
review paper / pregledni članak
... mutations, many of which were localized on a genetic map. Many synonyms in designations of mutants available in different germplasm collections arose. However, most of these mutations were not characterized on molecular level. The most up-to-date review of known mutations, with most of binomials uni ...
... mutations, many of which were localized on a genetic map. Many synonyms in designations of mutants available in different germplasm collections arose. However, most of these mutations were not characterized on molecular level. The most up-to-date review of known mutations, with most of binomials uni ...
![Chapter 8 How Do Organisms ... class SLOW LEARNERS]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008915317_1-cc5361cdbbe0f2bdb10ded1cda35df8a-300x300.png)
Chapter 8 How Do Organisms ... class SLOW LEARNERS]
... 1. Fertilization restores the number of chromosomes. 2. It brings variation in the Offsprings. The methods of fertilization as seen in a flowering plant are as follows: In plants pollination is followed by fertilization. The pollen grains are deposited on stigma and form tubes called the pollen tube ...
... 1. Fertilization restores the number of chromosomes. 2. It brings variation in the Offsprings. The methods of fertilization as seen in a flowering plant are as follows: In plants pollination is followed by fertilization. The pollen grains are deposited on stigma and form tubes called the pollen tube ...
International Journal of Applied Biological Research 2016 Val
... germination and seedling characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Var. 01M was analyzed in this study. The seeds were treated with different extract concentrations (i.e. 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera. The allelopathic study of Vernonia amygdalina and Mori ...
... germination and seedling characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Var. 01M was analyzed in this study. The seeds were treated with different extract concentrations (i.e. 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera. The allelopathic study of Vernonia amygdalina and Mori ...
open access - Max-Planck-Institut für Pflanzenzüchtungsforschung
... Arabidopsis lineage, rather than conserved features of angiosperm flower development. For example, the functions of AP1 in sepal and petal development in A. thaliana may involve LFYindependent activation of AP1 that is specific to this lineage (Ye et al., 2016). Moreover, because LFY activity is req ...
... Arabidopsis lineage, rather than conserved features of angiosperm flower development. For example, the functions of AP1 in sepal and petal development in A. thaliana may involve LFYindependent activation of AP1 that is specific to this lineage (Ye et al., 2016). Moreover, because LFY activity is req ...
Characterization of the Possible Roles for B Class MADS Box Genes
... Yao et al., 2008). In addition to forming dimers, AP3 and PI were able to interact with other MADS box proteins, such as SEPALLATA1 (SEP1), SEP2, and SEP3, to regulate petal and stamen development (Pelaz et al., 2000; Honma and Goto, 2001; Theißen and Saedler, 2001; Castillejo et al., 2005). Orchids ...
... Yao et al., 2008). In addition to forming dimers, AP3 and PI were able to interact with other MADS box proteins, such as SEPALLATA1 (SEP1), SEP2, and SEP3, to regulate petal and stamen development (Pelaz et al., 2000; Honma and Goto, 2001; Theißen and Saedler, 2001; Castillejo et al., 2005). Orchids ...
RANUNCULUS SP
... spontaneously in Italy. Buttercups originally had simple flowers with five petals but today there are hybrids with semi-double or double flowers Colour of flowers: Buttercup flowers may be yellow, white, orange, red or tobacco; they are characterized of brilliant tones and of a particular shininess. ...
... spontaneously in Italy. Buttercups originally had simple flowers with five petals but today there are hybrids with semi-double or double flowers Colour of flowers: Buttercup flowers may be yellow, white, orange, red or tobacco; they are characterized of brilliant tones and of a particular shininess. ...
O rchids have attracted attention of the taxnomists, ecologists
... 1. Entire plant with roots, sheathed stem, coriaceous, channeled leaves bilobed at the apex and inflorescence. 2. Raceme inflorescence showing flowers with lip, anther and spur. 3. Enlarged view of flower (lateral view) 4. Enlarged view of a flower. (Front view) Aerides maculosum Lindl. (Text. Fig. ...
... 1. Entire plant with roots, sheathed stem, coriaceous, channeled leaves bilobed at the apex and inflorescence. 2. Raceme inflorescence showing flowers with lip, anther and spur. 3. Enlarged view of flower (lateral view) 4. Enlarged view of a flower. (Front view) Aerides maculosum Lindl. (Text. Fig. ...
Zsolt Erős-Honti (Chapter
... Only indirect evidences do we have on the emergence of the first living cell. According to them, the appearance of the first cell is estimated to have occurred cca. 3.8-4 billion years ago. Though evolution biologists elaborated several theories on the main evolutionary stages of evolving of the fir ...
... Only indirect evidences do we have on the emergence of the first living cell. According to them, the appearance of the first cell is estimated to have occurred cca. 3.8-4 billion years ago. Though evolution biologists elaborated several theories on the main evolutionary stages of evolving of the fir ...
The Nonspecific Lipid Transfer Protein AtLtpI-4 Is
... phospholipid transfer between membranes in vitro, play a role in cuticle and possibly in suberin formation, and might be involved in plant pathogen defense signaling. This study focuses on the role of the lipid transfer protein AtLTPI-4 in crown gall development. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) c ...
... phospholipid transfer between membranes in vitro, play a role in cuticle and possibly in suberin formation, and might be involved in plant pathogen defense signaling. This study focuses on the role of the lipid transfer protein AtLTPI-4 in crown gall development. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) c ...
Regulation of lateral root development
... plant taxons. The root system of gymnosperms and dicotyledons is formed mostly by the main root and lateral roots, while the root system of monocotyledons is dominated by adventitious roots. Main root often lasts only a limited time or stops its growth and the root system is dominated with adventiti ...
... plant taxons. The root system of gymnosperms and dicotyledons is formed mostly by the main root and lateral roots, while the root system of monocotyledons is dominated by adventitious roots. Main root often lasts only a limited time or stops its growth and the root system is dominated with adventiti ...
The weird and wonderful ways plants reproduce
... Modified stems Cultivated forms of air potato are edible, while wild forms can be invasive and poisonous. ...
... Modified stems Cultivated forms of air potato are edible, while wild forms can be invasive and poisonous. ...
Meeusella and the origin of stamens
... and lyginopterids still retained a transitional caulome-phyllome organization of their branching pollen organs, the terminal branchlets of which bore radially disposed sporangia, sometimes proximally fused as in Feraxotheca (Millay & Taylor 1979). Slightly modified versions of this type of androclad ...
... and lyginopterids still retained a transitional caulome-phyllome organization of their branching pollen organs, the terminal branchlets of which bore radially disposed sporangia, sometimes proximally fused as in Feraxotheca (Millay & Taylor 1979). Slightly modified versions of this type of androclad ...
Body plan and diversity in form - Formatted
... and thick due to storage of reserve food. They can be further classified into following types: I. Tuberous (Single root tubers): The swollen roots do not assume a definite shape. They occur singly. e.g. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas vern. Shaker kandi) II. Fasciculated roots: The swollen roots or ro ...
... and thick due to storage of reserve food. They can be further classified into following types: I. Tuberous (Single root tubers): The swollen roots do not assume a definite shape. They occur singly. e.g. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas vern. Shaker kandi) II. Fasciculated roots: The swollen roots or ro ...
Ethno medicinal plants used by gonds of Adilabad district, Andhra
... racemosus, entire plant powder of Hybanthus enneaspermus and bulbs of Crinum asiaticum are used as aphrodisiacs. Seed paste of Abrus precatorius is applied to reduce hair fall and improve hair growth; seed powder is used as natural contraceptive and for temporary breakdown of menstrual cycle. Stem b ...
... racemosus, entire plant powder of Hybanthus enneaspermus and bulbs of Crinum asiaticum are used as aphrodisiacs. Seed paste of Abrus precatorius is applied to reduce hair fall and improve hair growth; seed powder is used as natural contraceptive and for temporary breakdown of menstrual cycle. Stem b ...
Chapter 10- Structure and Function of Plants
... egg cell. The fertilized egg is called a zygote. For algae and some plants, fertilization can only occur if there is water in the environment. This is because the sperm cells of these plants swim through the water to the egg cells. Other plants, however, have adaptations that makes it possible for f ...
... egg cell. The fertilized egg is called a zygote. For algae and some plants, fertilization can only occur if there is water in the environment. This is because the sperm cells of these plants swim through the water to the egg cells. Other plants, however, have adaptations that makes it possible for f ...
plant
... moving down from coleoptile tip and causes cells on darker side to elongate faster than cells on brighter side • Studies of organs other than grass coleoptiles provide less support for this, but there is asymmetrical distribution of certain substances that may act as growth inhibitors, and these are ...
... moving down from coleoptile tip and causes cells on darker side to elongate faster than cells on brighter side • Studies of organs other than grass coleoptiles provide less support for this, but there is asymmetrical distribution of certain substances that may act as growth inhibitors, and these are ...
Complementary Course - Botany Instructional
... Identity the families of local plants based on their vegetative and floral characters ...
... Identity the families of local plants based on their vegetative and floral characters ...
Plant Architecture: A Dynamic, Multilevel and
... the basic structural unit of the plant body commonly called the metamer or phytomer (White, 1979; Barlow, 1989). During growth, the superposition and repetition of this elementary entity builds up the leafy axis (Fig. 1B). Plant growth may be considered in several ways according to the kind of organ ...
... the basic structural unit of the plant body commonly called the metamer or phytomer (White, 1979; Barlow, 1989). During growth, the superposition and repetition of this elementary entity builds up the leafy axis (Fig. 1B). Plant growth may be considered in several ways according to the kind of organ ...
Carpel Development - École normale supérieure de Lyon
... capture and germination of pollen grains, and below this the style conducts pollen tubes to the ovary, which houses the ovules and in which fertilisation ...
... capture and germination of pollen grains, and below this the style conducts pollen tubes to the ovary, which houses the ovules and in which fertilisation ...
Root fillings - Northway Dental Practice
... a rubber based material that goes into the space where the blood and nerve supply (called the pulp) used to be, inside a tooth, when this dies or becomes infected. Why might I need a root filling? If the pulp inside the tooth becomes infected with bacteria then a dental abscess will form. Without a ...
... a rubber based material that goes into the space where the blood and nerve supply (called the pulp) used to be, inside a tooth, when this dies or becomes infected. Why might I need a root filling? If the pulp inside the tooth becomes infected with bacteria then a dental abscess will form. Without a ...
Phloem-Specific Expression of Tyrosine/Dopa
... from young leaf blade tissue, as shown in Figure 2B. However, in situ hybridization analysis of cross-sections through the midrib of a young leaf and through young axillary buds demonstrated that both cTYDCI and CTYDC2 antisense RNA probes hybridized to mRNAs present in cells in the vascular bundles ...
... from young leaf blade tissue, as shown in Figure 2B. However, in situ hybridization analysis of cross-sections through the midrib of a young leaf and through young axillary buds demonstrated that both cTYDCI and CTYDC2 antisense RNA probes hybridized to mRNAs present in cells in the vascular bundles ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.