Journal Biology 2004 3 (1).pmd - Mongolian Journal of Biological
... In order to discover CAM plants from the Mongolian flora, four species, Orostachys spinosa (L.) C. A. Mey., O. malacophylla (Pall.) Fisch., O. thyrsiflora Fisch. and Sedum aizoon L. of Crassulaceae D.C. family were examined in terms of their leaf anatomy, photosynthesis and transpiration intensity f ...
... In order to discover CAM plants from the Mongolian flora, four species, Orostachys spinosa (L.) C. A. Mey., O. malacophylla (Pall.) Fisch., O. thyrsiflora Fisch. and Sedum aizoon L. of Crassulaceae D.C. family were examined in terms of their leaf anatomy, photosynthesis and transpiration intensity f ...
Genetic Regulation of Vascular Tissue Patterning in Arabidopsis
... McHale, 1996; Przemeck et al., 1996). Although these studies clearly indicate a role for auxin in vascular tissue differentiation, it has not been demonstrated that stochastic auxin transport is the sole determinant of vascular tissue patterns during normal development. To investigate the extent of ...
... McHale, 1996; Przemeck et al., 1996). Although these studies clearly indicate a role for auxin in vascular tissue differentiation, it has not been demonstrated that stochastic auxin transport is the sole determinant of vascular tissue patterns during normal development. To investigate the extent of ...
Bio-inspiration from Plants` Roots
... Plant-inspired space probes could hopefully represent a new generation of planetary robotic explorers. A plantoid, or eventually many plantoids, disseminated like seeds in large lands, extending their roots in the ground, can autonomously analyse the composition of soil and detect the presence of a ...
... Plant-inspired space probes could hopefully represent a new generation of planetary robotic explorers. A plantoid, or eventually many plantoids, disseminated like seeds in large lands, extending their roots in the ground, can autonomously analyse the composition of soil and detect the presence of a ...
Ground Tissue - Effingham County Schools
... Epidermis: protective outer layer of cells of leaves, stems, flowers, seeds, and roots Cuticle: The waxy material covering plants Cork: Specialized cells in woody stems and roots contain a waxy substance that prevent water loss ...
... Epidermis: protective outer layer of cells of leaves, stems, flowers, seeds, and roots Cuticle: The waxy material covering plants Cork: Specialized cells in woody stems and roots contain a waxy substance that prevent water loss ...
Introduction What Is a Seed? Development of the Seed
... composition, these proteins are strongly hydrophilic and might serve to maintain aqueous domains associated with cell membranes. The proteins may also have other roles, for example binding certain ions or having enzymic activity (protein kinases). The LEAs certainly have an important part to play in ...
... composition, these proteins are strongly hydrophilic and might serve to maintain aqueous domains associated with cell membranes. The proteins may also have other roles, for example binding certain ions or having enzymic activity (protein kinases). The LEAs certainly have an important part to play in ...
- Wiley Online Library
... to the bottom fiower on the axis. They may be detected perhaps up to the fifth or sixth, but I have never seen them attain development the whole way up the infiorescence i. Similar non-vascular bract structures are also frequently found in the Wallfiower (Figs. 1-2). Again in some cases, in addition ...
... to the bottom fiower on the axis. They may be detected perhaps up to the fifth or sixth, but I have never seen them attain development the whole way up the infiorescence i. Similar non-vascular bract structures are also frequently found in the Wallfiower (Figs. 1-2). Again in some cases, in addition ...
SWP73 Subunits of Arabidopsis SWI/SNF
... the swp73a-1 or swp73a-2 allele failed to reveal any distinguishing trait compared with the wild type during germination, seedling, organ development, and detailed monitoring of leaf shape, leaf blade extension, and root elongation. By contrast, the swp73b-1 and swp73b-2 mutations caused comparably ...
... the swp73a-1 or swp73a-2 allele failed to reveal any distinguishing trait compared with the wild type during germination, seedling, organ development, and detailed monitoring of leaf shape, leaf blade extension, and root elongation. By contrast, the swp73b-1 and swp73b-2 mutations caused comparably ...
Pleiotropic Effects of Flowering Time Genes in the Annual Crucifer
... The potential number of axillary shoots is fixed relatively early in development, before the first flower opens, although their actual development occurs after flowers are formed by the shoot apical meristem (Hempel and Feldman, 1994). Branching increases the number of independent meristems that pro ...
... The potential number of axillary shoots is fixed relatively early in development, before the first flower opens, although their actual development occurs after flowers are formed by the shoot apical meristem (Hempel and Feldman, 1994). Branching increases the number of independent meristems that pro ...
Introduction
... monocots, vascular bundles, groups of conductive tissue, are scattered throughout the stem, but in dicots, they are arranged in an outer circle. Monocots have long, narrow leaves with parallel veins. Dicot leaves are broad with branched veins. Flower parts of monocots are arranged in threes or multi ...
... monocots, vascular bundles, groups of conductive tissue, are scattered throughout the stem, but in dicots, they are arranged in an outer circle. Monocots have long, narrow leaves with parallel veins. Dicot leaves are broad with branched veins. Flower parts of monocots are arranged in threes or multi ...
Characteristics of Weeds for Weed ID
... – general structure: mat forming, spreading perennial can be found flowering during the summer – leaves: alternate leaves have a circular shape with rounded tooth along the margins. Each leaf grows on a long petiole at the center of the leaf. – flowers: occur in clusters at the ends of long stalks E ...
... – general structure: mat forming, spreading perennial can be found flowering during the summer – leaves: alternate leaves have a circular shape with rounded tooth along the margins. Each leaf grows on a long petiole at the center of the leaf. – flowers: occur in clusters at the ends of long stalks E ...
Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in
... leaves [27]. Recently, the regulation of organ elongation by the ER family genes was attributed to their function in the phloem where they perceive a signal from the endodermis [28]. This finding suggests that interlayer communication between the endodermis and phloem plays an important role in dete ...
... leaves [27]. Recently, the regulation of organ elongation by the ER family genes was attributed to their function in the phloem where they perceive a signal from the endodermis [28]. This finding suggests that interlayer communication between the endodermis and phloem plays an important role in dete ...
Review - Roots, Stems, Leaves, Adaptations and
... 32. Growth that occurs from the formation of new cells at the tip of a plant is called ____________________ ____________________. 33. Growth that causes a plant to increase in width is called ____________________ ____________________. 34. The process by which cells become specialized in form and fun ...
... 32. Growth that occurs from the formation of new cells at the tip of a plant is called ____________________ ____________________. 33. Growth that causes a plant to increase in width is called ____________________ ____________________. 34. The process by which cells become specialized in form and fun ...
ornamental geophytes and their propagation
... commercially propagated through division of clumps, rhizomes, culam cuttings and micropropagation. Tuber: Tuber is a specialized kind of swollen underground modified stem structure with a terminal and several lateral eyes which function as storage organs e.g. Gloriosa, Tuberous Begonia, Caladium and ...
... commercially propagated through division of clumps, rhizomes, culam cuttings and micropropagation. Tuber: Tuber is a specialized kind of swollen underground modified stem structure with a terminal and several lateral eyes which function as storage organs e.g. Gloriosa, Tuberous Begonia, Caladium and ...
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
... of a flower is made up of sepals. Sepals are modified leaves that protect the developing flower. They are often green but can also be brightly colored. The layer just inside the sepals is made up of petals, which are also modified leaves. Their bright colors often help attract animal pollinators. Mo ...
... of a flower is made up of sepals. Sepals are modified leaves that protect the developing flower. They are often green but can also be brightly colored. The layer just inside the sepals is made up of petals, which are also modified leaves. Their bright colors often help attract animal pollinators. Mo ...
Fertilization in Sugarcane – Lecturer Madhanzi Tendai
... The colours of the stalk seen at the internodes depend on the cane variety and environmental conditions. For example, exposure of the internodes to the sun may result in a complete change of colour. The same variety grown in different climates may exhibit different colours. All colours of the stalk ...
... The colours of the stalk seen at the internodes depend on the cane variety and environmental conditions. For example, exposure of the internodes to the sun may result in a complete change of colour. The same variety grown in different climates may exhibit different colours. All colours of the stalk ...
Identification of genes involved in the response of Arabidopsis
... Prof. Peter Urwin, Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT. Tel: 0133432909. Email: [email protected] ...
... Prof. Peter Urwin, Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT. Tel: 0133432909. Email: [email protected] ...
Noxious Weed Management Pocket Guide
... Seeds/Fruit: One-seeded fruit (achene) is wrinkled, brown to grayish-black, tipped with a plume (pappus) of slender bristles. Leaves: Leaves are alternate, large, irregularly lobed, and have sharp yellow spikes. Rosette leaves may be up to 2 feet long and 1 foot wide. Upper and lower leaf surfaces a ...
... Seeds/Fruit: One-seeded fruit (achene) is wrinkled, brown to grayish-black, tipped with a plume (pappus) of slender bristles. Leaves: Leaves are alternate, large, irregularly lobed, and have sharp yellow spikes. Rosette leaves may be up to 2 feet long and 1 foot wide. Upper and lower leaf surfaces a ...
Reduced expression of AtNUP62 nucleoporin gene affects
... during the past few years, in particular because of its involvement in hormonal and pathogen/symbiotic signalling. In Arabidopsis thaliana, more than 30 nucleoporins have been identified, but only a few of them have been characterized. Among these, AtNUP160, AtNUP96, AtNUP58, and AtTPR have been rep ...
... during the past few years, in particular because of its involvement in hormonal and pathogen/symbiotic signalling. In Arabidopsis thaliana, more than 30 nucleoporins have been identified, but only a few of them have been characterized. Among these, AtNUP160, AtNUP96, AtNUP58, and AtTPR have been rep ...
BOTANY - University of Jammu
... about their structure, mode of development and mechanisms of multiplication will assist in manipulating these for better human utility. This course will create awareness among students about proper utilization of important plant parts. ...
... about their structure, mode of development and mechanisms of multiplication will assist in manipulating these for better human utility. This course will create awareness among students about proper utilization of important plant parts. ...
IX, X, XL - Journal of Cell Science
... I have also observed it), and by Claparede and Metschnikow4 in Spio fuliginosus; this last observation I am also able to confirm from my own investigations. Such a stage of segmentation, though different enough from what is usually found in other animals, certainly cannot be considered abnormal as i ...
... I have also observed it), and by Claparede and Metschnikow4 in Spio fuliginosus; this last observation I am also able to confirm from my own investigations. Such a stage of segmentation, though different enough from what is usually found in other animals, certainly cannot be considered abnormal as i ...
Phenological growth stages of saffron plant
... Phenological studies are important for understanding the influence of climate dynamics on vegetative growth, flowering and fruiting on plants and can be used in many scientific subjects, such as Agronomy, Botany and Plant Biology, but also Climatology as a result of the current global interest in cl ...
... Phenological studies are important for understanding the influence of climate dynamics on vegetative growth, flowering and fruiting on plants and can be used in many scientific subjects, such as Agronomy, Botany and Plant Biology, but also Climatology as a result of the current global interest in cl ...
Plant Flowers
... flower is that it is a specialized branch; a stem with leaves. The following parts are recognized: The plant stem below the flower is called the pedicel. At the very tip of this is the receptacle. The receptacle is found at the base in the center of the flower. Its internodes are short and the numbe ...
... flower is that it is a specialized branch; a stem with leaves. The following parts are recognized: The plant stem below the flower is called the pedicel. At the very tip of this is the receptacle. The receptacle is found at the base in the center of the flower. Its internodes are short and the numbe ...
Aluminium toxicity in plants: internalization of
... (meristem), followed by the distal and proximal transition zone where cells are prepared for rapid cell expansion in the elongation zone (Baluška et al., 1990, 1994, 1996; Ishikawa and Evans, 1993; Verbelen et al., 2006). Sivaguru and Horst (1998) discovered that the distal part of the transition z ...
... (meristem), followed by the distal and proximal transition zone where cells are prepared for rapid cell expansion in the elongation zone (Baluška et al., 1990, 1994, 1996; Ishikawa and Evans, 1993; Verbelen et al., 2006). Sivaguru and Horst (1998) discovered that the distal part of the transition z ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.