do coleoptile tips produce auxin?
... The source of the auxins present in guttation fluid seems likely to be the seed. Seeds of Avena and Zea are known to be rich in auxin (Pohl, 1935, 1936; Hemberg, 1955; Hamilton, Bandurski and Grigsby, 1961). The acidic ether-extractable fraction of Zea seeds contains IAA and other zones of auxin act ...
... The source of the auxins present in guttation fluid seems likely to be the seed. Seeds of Avena and Zea are known to be rich in auxin (Pohl, 1935, 1936; Hemberg, 1955; Hamilton, Bandurski and Grigsby, 1961). The acidic ether-extractable fraction of Zea seeds contains IAA and other zones of auxin act ...
Floriculture Test Bank B
... ____ 13. Geophytes include any species that form modified plant _____ for _______ storage including bulbs, corms, tubers, tuberous roots, rhizomes, and pseudobulbs. a. fungus, oxygen c. organs, nitrogen b. organs carbohydrate d. fungus, nitrogen ____ 14. _______ induces adventitious roots to form o ...
... ____ 13. Geophytes include any species that form modified plant _____ for _______ storage including bulbs, corms, tubers, tuberous roots, rhizomes, and pseudobulbs. a. fungus, oxygen c. organs, nitrogen b. organs carbohydrate d. fungus, nitrogen ____ 14. _______ induces adventitious roots to form o ...
The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition
... generally 2–3-pinnate, generally oblong to narrowly triangular; segments generally small, ± flat or abaxially concave (from recurved margins). Sporangia: along margin, in discrete patches to continuous, partly to completely covered by recurved margin (generally not recurved in Myriopteris cooperae). ...
... generally 2–3-pinnate, generally oblong to narrowly triangular; segments generally small, ± flat or abaxially concave (from recurved margins). Sporangia: along margin, in discrete patches to continuous, partly to completely covered by recurved margin (generally not recurved in Myriopteris cooperae). ...
nucleus ............. nucleus
... a t the midline where it disappears. The deep layer runs dorsomedially from the sulcus limitans to the midline and, at the midline, turns dorsally so that, with its fellow of the opposite side, it separates the vagal lobes (fig. 14 a). a. T h e w d e u s of the inferior commissure of Huller (fig. 14 ...
... a t the midline where it disappears. The deep layer runs dorsomedially from the sulcus limitans to the midline and, at the midline, turns dorsally so that, with its fellow of the opposite side, it separates the vagal lobes (fig. 14 a). a. T h e w d e u s of the inferior commissure of Huller (fig. 14 ...
Glossary of Botanical Terms Used in the OpenKey Project
... by an edging of another. (Compare with edged.) [modified from RDMB, p. 150] Bract – A modified, usually reduced leaf, often occurring at the base of a flower or inflorescence. [modified from H&H, p. 18] Branch – A division or subdivision of a stem or other axis. [modified from H&K, p. 6] Branchlet – ...
... by an edging of another. (Compare with edged.) [modified from RDMB, p. 150] Bract – A modified, usually reduced leaf, often occurring at the base of a flower or inflorescence. [modified from H&H, p. 18] Branch – A division or subdivision of a stem or other axis. [modified from H&K, p. 6] Branchlet – ...
Orchids Found ONLY in Mexico
... Barkeria uniflora This small epiphyte from the Mexican states of Nayarit, Jalisco, Michoacan, Mexico, Guerrero and Oaxaca at elevations of 670 to 1300 meters is found on trees and shrubs along dry creekbeds as a miniature to large sized, hot to warm growing epiphyte with a very thin, 4 to 9 noded p ...
... Barkeria uniflora This small epiphyte from the Mexican states of Nayarit, Jalisco, Michoacan, Mexico, Guerrero and Oaxaca at elevations of 670 to 1300 meters is found on trees and shrubs along dry creekbeds as a miniature to large sized, hot to warm growing epiphyte with a very thin, 4 to 9 noded p ...
Monograph of Psidium guajava L. leaves
... epidermis and 3-4 rows abutting the lower epidermis followed by 3-4 layers of thin walled parenchyma with distinct intercellular spaces. The parenchyma cells contain few prisms and numerous clusters of calcium oxalate. Shizosenous and schizolysigenous oil glands are also present. The pericycle is fo ...
... epidermis and 3-4 rows abutting the lower epidermis followed by 3-4 layers of thin walled parenchyma with distinct intercellular spaces. The parenchyma cells contain few prisms and numerous clusters of calcium oxalate. Shizosenous and schizolysigenous oil glands are also present. The pericycle is fo ...
Biotic and abiotic factors that determine the emission of volatile organic
... that enhance flower location by pollinators. They also provide information about the plant species, flower state, and available floral rewards. Some floral volatiles can play roles other than attraction, such as defense against herbivores. This duality of roles of floral emissions converts floral sc ...
... that enhance flower location by pollinators. They also provide information about the plant species, flower state, and available floral rewards. Some floral volatiles can play roles other than attraction, such as defense against herbivores. This duality of roles of floral emissions converts floral sc ...
COMPARISON OF Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch.
... the media was adjusted to 5.7 before autoclaving. The cultures were maintained at 22°C, with light intensity of 35 µmol·m-2·s-1 from 40 W fluorescent lamps LF and in 16-h photoperiod. Shoot induction from inflorescence stem sections and basal part of leaves. Inflorescence buds surrounded by 5–6 leav ...
... the media was adjusted to 5.7 before autoclaving. The cultures were maintained at 22°C, with light intensity of 35 µmol·m-2·s-1 from 40 W fluorescent lamps LF and in 16-h photoperiod. Shoot induction from inflorescence stem sections and basal part of leaves. Inflorescence buds surrounded by 5–6 leav ...
Plants Practice Test
... 118. Root pressure causes guttation, which is the exuding of water droplets seen in the morning on blades of grass and on the leaf edges of some monocots. Why does guttation not occur in the leaves of trees? ...
... 118. Root pressure causes guttation, which is the exuding of water droplets seen in the morning on blades of grass and on the leaf edges of some monocots. Why does guttation not occur in the leaves of trees? ...
guidelines for control plot tests and field inspection of
... In siting control plots, the Designated Authority or its agent must take care to ensure that the field is suitable. There must be no risk of contamination from volunteer plants of the same or closely related species or similar crop groups. This is done by checking the previous cropping of the field ...
... In siting control plots, the Designated Authority or its agent must take care to ensure that the field is suitable. There must be no risk of contamination from volunteer plants of the same or closely related species or similar crop groups. This is done by checking the previous cropping of the field ...
Full PDF - IOSR Journal of Pharmacy
... The first true leaves are dull green and may be covered with fine granules on the upper surface. Leaves of this species are extremely variable, possibly reflecting variability in soil moisture and fertility. The most common leaf type is hastate or sagittate, which means they have distinctive arrowhe ...
... The first true leaves are dull green and may be covered with fine granules on the upper surface. Leaves of this species are extremely variable, possibly reflecting variability in soil moisture and fertility. The most common leaf type is hastate or sagittate, which means they have distinctive arrowhe ...
Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ
... Gutierrez et al., 2009). It has been shown that microtubule arrays are sensitive to rapid ...
... Gutierrez et al., 2009). It has been shown that microtubule arrays are sensitive to rapid ...
A role for the F-box protein HAWAIIAN SKIRT in plant
... To confirm that HWS acts upstream of miRNA-regulated transcription factors, we introduced a miR156 resistant SPL9 (rSPL9) transgene into hws mutants. This transgene expresses a version of SPL9 that avoids regulation by miR156 due to the presence of five base substitutions in its miR156 target site ( ...
... To confirm that HWS acts upstream of miRNA-regulated transcription factors, we introduced a miR156 resistant SPL9 (rSPL9) transgene into hws mutants. This transgene expresses a version of SPL9 that avoids regulation by miR156 due to the presence of five base substitutions in its miR156 target site ( ...
Melatonin stimulates the expansion of etiolated lupin cotyledons
... receptors in plant cells cannot be discarded. Nevertheless, more specific studies such as those previously suggested (Arnao and Hernández-Ruiz 2006) are necessary to establish the exact role of melatonin in plants. Special attention should be focused on melatonin metabolism in plants (the possible ...
... receptors in plant cells cannot be discarded. Nevertheless, more specific studies such as those previously suggested (Arnao and Hernández-Ruiz 2006) are necessary to establish the exact role of melatonin in plants. Special attention should be focused on melatonin metabolism in plants (the possible ...
Effect of bulb size on growth and flowering of tuberose cv. single
... and large (1.5-2.0, 2.1-2.5 and 2.6-3.0 cm in diameter respectively) on the growth and flowering of tuberose cv. Single. Bulbs of tuberose cv. Single were planted at the spacing of 30X20 cm. The result of the experiment revealed that bulb size had significant influence on all parameters studied .Pla ...
... and large (1.5-2.0, 2.1-2.5 and 2.6-3.0 cm in diameter respectively) on the growth and flowering of tuberose cv. Single. Bulbs of tuberose cv. Single were planted at the spacing of 30X20 cm. The result of the experiment revealed that bulb size had significant influence on all parameters studied .Pla ...
Exploring pearl millet root system and its outcome for drought
... on the intervals between successive lateral roots. The three growth types correspond, though imperfectly, to the three anatomical types evidenced in the first chapter. A similar work has been performed on maize, which was used to compare these two phylogenetically close cereals. Finally, we initiate ...
... on the intervals between successive lateral roots. The three growth types correspond, though imperfectly, to the three anatomical types evidenced in the first chapter. A similar work has been performed on maize, which was used to compare these two phylogenetically close cereals. Finally, we initiate ...
Zimmer Humeral Stem Four-Part Fracture Surgical Technique
... Assess the biceps tendon. If it is badly torn and frayed from contact with the sharp bone fragments, consider releasing the tendon or tendons. Some surgeons believe it can be a source of pain, and may stick down in a fracture and cause stiffness. However, if the biceps groove is not involved in the ...
... Assess the biceps tendon. If it is badly torn and frayed from contact with the sharp bone fragments, consider releasing the tendon or tendons. Some surgeons believe it can be a source of pain, and may stick down in a fracture and cause stiffness. However, if the biceps groove is not involved in the ...
Here - 21st International Conference on Arabidopsis Research
... Universitat Munchen, Germany － Plant's long and short distance signalling for controlling the water status 17:05-17:30 Abstract C303: Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, The University of Tokyo, Japan － Regulatory networks of gene expression in abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis 17:30-17:45 Abstract C30 ...
... Universitat Munchen, Germany － Plant's long and short distance signalling for controlling the water status 17:05-17:30 Abstract C303: Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, The University of Tokyo, Japan － Regulatory networks of gene expression in abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis 17:30-17:45 Abstract C30 ...
Apomixis in Brachiaria decumbens - Wageningen UR E
... sexuality and to produce seeds by means of asexual reproduction known as apomixis. The term apomixis was first used to designate, in general,the asexual mode of reproduction in plants and animals (Winkler 1908). In this definition modes of asexual reproduction like vegetative propagation and vivipar ...
... sexuality and to produce seeds by means of asexual reproduction known as apomixis. The term apomixis was first used to designate, in general,the asexual mode of reproduction in plants and animals (Winkler 1908). In this definition modes of asexual reproduction like vegetative propagation and vivipar ...
The Epidermis-Specific Extracellular BODYGUARD Controls Cuticle
... the cuticular layer of the cell wall or in the cuticle proper. In turn, molecular cloning of several genes apparently involved in the formation of cuticle in Arabidopsis has raised further questions concerning the interrelationships between various components of the epidermal cell wall and the mecha ...
... the cuticular layer of the cell wall or in the cuticle proper. In turn, molecular cloning of several genes apparently involved in the formation of cuticle in Arabidopsis has raised further questions concerning the interrelationships between various components of the epidermal cell wall and the mecha ...
Orchids: Advances in Tissue Culture, Genetics, Phytochemistry and
... endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins in a single organ, with the IAA/cytokinin ratio favourable to auxin in the roots (Peres et al. 1997). The antiauxin, transcinnamic acid (tCA) is used to release apical buds from their dormant state, allowing them to develop into shoots (Mosich et ...
... endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins in a single organ, with the IAA/cytokinin ratio favourable to auxin in the roots (Peres et al. 1997). The antiauxin, transcinnamic acid (tCA) is used to release apical buds from their dormant state, allowing them to develop into shoots (Mosich et ...
Plant root systems and natural vegetation
... and Camphorosma monspeliacum are leaf succulents . The roots of the latter two species penetrate much deeper than the other two and therefore their supply of water to above-ground parts is constant during the whole vegetative period. Plants with succulent leaves posses a low and stable transpiration ...
... and Camphorosma monspeliacum are leaf succulents . The roots of the latter two species penetrate much deeper than the other two and therefore their supply of water to above-ground parts is constant during the whole vegetative period. Plants with succulent leaves posses a low and stable transpiration ...
Ch - CTEMSScience
... 48. Water and minerals enter a plant’s roots and move through the ____________________ into the stems and leaves. 49. In some plants, food is stored inside seed leaves called ____________________. 50. The process by which water evaporates from a plant’s leaves is known as ____________________. 51. C ...
... 48. Water and minerals enter a plant’s roots and move through the ____________________ into the stems and leaves. 49. In some plants, food is stored inside seed leaves called ____________________. 50. The process by which water evaporates from a plant’s leaves is known as ____________________. 51. C ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.