A study of greenhouse production techniques for evergreen Disas /
... D. stachyoides provides protection against lightning. Disas also have great potential for cut flowers and pot plants, as they flower during the summer months when many other orchids are in vegetative growth. The largest orchid group in Southern Africa, namely the group including the Red Disa, is a u ...
... D. stachyoides provides protection against lightning. Disas also have great potential for cut flowers and pot plants, as they flower during the summer months when many other orchids are in vegetative growth. The largest orchid group in Southern Africa, namely the group including the Red Disa, is a u ...
The living cycads - The Arizona Palm and Cycad Association
... is extremely slow and must always prevent ...
... is extremely slow and must always prevent ...
10. Vegetative Propagation
... to four nodes (buds) above ground. Poles are much longer and are also driven deep enough so they can be in contact with the water table, but the aboveground stem is much longer. Hardwood pole cuttings of Erythrina, Gliricidia, and other species are commonly used this way for windbreaks, living fence ...
... to four nodes (buds) above ground. Poles are much longer and are also driven deep enough so they can be in contact with the water table, but the aboveground stem is much longer. Hardwood pole cuttings of Erythrina, Gliricidia, and other species are commonly used this way for windbreaks, living fence ...
Campanula - MyTeleflora.com
... • Purchase stems that have one-quarter to one-third of the flowers open. Avoid stems that have broken tips or discolored leaves. • Remove bundle ties or rubber bands and remove lower leaves. Re-cut 1 inch from stem end. Treat with an ethylene inhibitor and then condition in a tepid floral food solut ...
... • Purchase stems that have one-quarter to one-third of the flowers open. Avoid stems that have broken tips or discolored leaves. • Remove bundle ties or rubber bands and remove lower leaves. Re-cut 1 inch from stem end. Treat with an ethylene inhibitor and then condition in a tepid floral food solut ...
Identification
... challenging to identify as seedlings. Key identifying features to be considered include a prominent vein down the centre of the leaf and a red/purple tinge often appearing at the base of the stems. ...
... challenging to identify as seedlings. Key identifying features to be considered include a prominent vein down the centre of the leaf and a red/purple tinge often appearing at the base of the stems. ...
BIOL 202 Principles of Biology II: Unit 1 Learning Objectives
... Unit I includes biochemicals, enzymes, cells, cellular respiration, metabolism, and molecular genetics. When you are prepared for Exam I, you will be able to: 1. 1. Identify the universal solvent of life and its characteristics. 2. 2. Differentiate between acids and bases by description. 3. 3. Ident ...
... Unit I includes biochemicals, enzymes, cells, cellular respiration, metabolism, and molecular genetics. When you are prepared for Exam I, you will be able to: 1. 1. Identify the universal solvent of life and its characteristics. 2. 2. Differentiate between acids and bases by description. 3. 3. Ident ...
Mutagenesis of Plants Overexpressing CONSTANS
... The order in which genes act within a single floweringtime pathway has been difficult to assess genetically because each mutation causes a similar phenotype. The order of gene action was determined genetically in other plant signaling pathways, such as the ethylene signaling pathway in which repress ...
... The order in which genes act within a single floweringtime pathway has been difficult to assess genetically because each mutation causes a similar phenotype. The order of gene action was determined genetically in other plant signaling pathways, such as the ethylene signaling pathway in which repress ...
Final published version
... morning glory (Ipomoea nil) vines because this species exhibits indeterminate growth, thus allowing us to test the predictions of the Münch model for a wide range of tube lengths (L). Moreover, its growth pattern is easy to manipulate, and it loads various fluorophores into its phloem. To simplify ...
... morning glory (Ipomoea nil) vines because this species exhibits indeterminate growth, thus allowing us to test the predictions of the Münch model for a wide range of tube lengths (L). Moreover, its growth pattern is easy to manipulate, and it loads various fluorophores into its phloem. To simplify ...
Testing the Mьnch hypothesis of long distance phloem transport in
... morning glory (Ipomoea nil) vines because this species exhibits indeterminate growth, thus allowing us to test the predictions of the Münch model for a wide range of tube lengths (L). Moreover, its growth pattern is easy to manipulate, and it loads various fluorophores into its phloem. To simplify ...
... morning glory (Ipomoea nil) vines because this species exhibits indeterminate growth, thus allowing us to test the predictions of the Münch model for a wide range of tube lengths (L). Moreover, its growth pattern is easy to manipulate, and it loads various fluorophores into its phloem. To simplify ...
The SPOROCYTELESS/NOZZLE Gene Is
... that ectopic expression of SPL/NZZ not only affects flower development in the wild-type background but also leads to the transformation of petal-like organs into stamen-like organs in flowers of ap2-1, a weak ap2 mutant allele. Moreover, our loss-offunction analysis indicates that the spl/nzz mutant ...
... that ectopic expression of SPL/NZZ not only affects flower development in the wild-type background but also leads to the transformation of petal-like organs into stamen-like organs in flowers of ap2-1, a weak ap2 mutant allele. Moreover, our loss-offunction analysis indicates that the spl/nzz mutant ...
Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 19: Eukaryotic Genomes
... B) unequal crossing over events. C) meiotic errors that result in polyploidy. D) A and B only E) A, B, and C Topic: Concept 19.5 Skill: Comprehension 60) Which description below is not a way that transposable elements can contribute to genome evolution? A) by introducing homologous sequences into va ...
... B) unequal crossing over events. C) meiotic errors that result in polyploidy. D) A and B only E) A, B, and C Topic: Concept 19.5 Skill: Comprehension 60) Which description below is not a way that transposable elements can contribute to genome evolution? A) by introducing homologous sequences into va ...
Boundless Study Slides
... • abscisic acid a plant hormone that functions in many plant developmental processes, including bud dormancy, inhibition of seed germination, and plant stress tolerance. • amyloplast a non-pigmented organelle found in some plant cells that is responsible for the synthesis and storage of starch granu ...
... • abscisic acid a plant hormone that functions in many plant developmental processes, including bud dormancy, inhibition of seed germination, and plant stress tolerance. • amyloplast a non-pigmented organelle found in some plant cells that is responsible for the synthesis and storage of starch granu ...
Cell-to-Cell and Long-Distance Trafficking of the Green Fluorescent
... can also mediate its own cell-to-cell transport through plasmodesmata (Ishiwatari et al., 1998). In this study, we provide direct evidence that in Arabidopsis, a 27-kD nonphloem protein, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from jellyfish (Chalfie et al., 1994), can migrate from cell to cell through ...
... can also mediate its own cell-to-cell transport through plasmodesmata (Ishiwatari et al., 1998). In this study, we provide direct evidence that in Arabidopsis, a 27-kD nonphloem protein, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from jellyfish (Chalfie et al., 1994), can migrate from cell to cell through ...
Broadleaf - Kelly Green Lawn Care
... Birdsfoot Trefoil - is a perennial weed, which has a low mat-forming growth habit. The leaves of birdsfoot trefoil alternate on the stems, forming in a trifoliolate pattern, but containing 2 leaf lets at the base of the leaf. The leaves are oblanceolate shape and usually have smooth edges. The stems ...
... Birdsfoot Trefoil - is a perennial weed, which has a low mat-forming growth habit. The leaves of birdsfoot trefoil alternate on the stems, forming in a trifoliolate pattern, but containing 2 leaf lets at the base of the leaf. The leaves are oblanceolate shape and usually have smooth edges. The stems ...
Signaling and Communication in Plant Symbiosis
... the flavone luteolin which is produced by the S. meliloti host Medicago sativa; this response did not occur with naringenin or apigenin, two closely related flavonoids not produced by M. sativa (Caetano-Anolles et al. 1988). Additionally, flavonoid production in host roots is increased upon the addi ...
... the flavone luteolin which is produced by the S. meliloti host Medicago sativa; this response did not occur with naringenin or apigenin, two closely related flavonoids not produced by M. sativa (Caetano-Anolles et al. 1988). Additionally, flavonoid production in host roots is increased upon the addi ...
The mating game: pollination and fertilization in flowering plants
... requires a distinct set of genes; mutation of a MADS-box gene (AGL8 or FRUITFULL) was recently shown to interrupt fruit development, without affecting the formation of seeds [53]. ...
... requires a distinct set of genes; mutation of a MADS-box gene (AGL8 or FRUITFULL) was recently shown to interrupt fruit development, without affecting the formation of seeds [53]. ...
FLOWER INDUCTION AND FLOWER BUD DEVELOPMENT IN
... first indication for the transition of the buds from vegetative into reproductive state represents a ‘critical number of nodes’. This number is varying depending on cultivar, from 16 to 20 (55, 57, 62, 80). The total number of appendages formed by the appearance of the sepals of the apical flower in ...
... first indication for the transition of the buds from vegetative into reproductive state represents a ‘critical number of nodes’. This number is varying depending on cultivar, from 16 to 20 (55, 57, 62, 80). The total number of appendages formed by the appearance of the sepals of the apical flower in ...
Breeding Triploid Plants: A Review
... 2001; Edger & Pires 2009). For example, some gene loss often occurs following polyploidization. Town et al. (2006) found that 35% of the genes inferred to be present when genome triplication occurred in the Brassica lineage have been lost in an interspersed pattern, most likely via a deletion mechan ...
... 2001; Edger & Pires 2009). For example, some gene loss often occurs following polyploidization. Town et al. (2006) found that 35% of the genes inferred to be present when genome triplication occurred in the Brassica lineage have been lost in an interspersed pattern, most likely via a deletion mechan ...
transverse ligament
... The Meniscal Roots: Gross Anatomic Correlation with 3-T MRI Findings Am. J. Roentgenol., May 2007; 188: W446 - W450 Jeffrey M. Brody, Michael J. Hulstyn, Braden C. Fleming, and Glenn A. Tung ...
... The Meniscal Roots: Gross Anatomic Correlation with 3-T MRI Findings Am. J. Roentgenol., May 2007; 188: W446 - W450 Jeffrey M. Brody, Michael J. Hulstyn, Braden C. Fleming, and Glenn A. Tung ...
Keys to the Common Shrubs and Herbs of the Prince George Forest
... technical terms that a field worker or outdoors person may not be familiar with, and often reproductive structures and a dissecting scope are needed to identify the plants. Plants can often be differentiated from one another by much more obvious characteristics such as leaf arrangement, shape and si ...
... technical terms that a field worker or outdoors person may not be familiar with, and often reproductive structures and a dissecting scope are needed to identify the plants. Plants can often be differentiated from one another by much more obvious characteristics such as leaf arrangement, shape and si ...
The N-end rule pathway controls multiple functions during
... Misexpression of BP in Leaves of ate1 ate2 Double-Mutant Plants. To obtain insights into the molecular mechanisms through which R-transferases control plant development, we focused on their function during leaf formation. As described above, leaves of ate1 ate2 double-mutant plants were serrated, mi ...
... Misexpression of BP in Leaves of ate1 ate2 Double-Mutant Plants. To obtain insights into the molecular mechanisms through which R-transferases control plant development, we focused on their function during leaf formation. As described above, leaves of ate1 ate2 double-mutant plants were serrated, mi ...
Alberta Invasive Plant Identification Guide
... •Leaves: Palmately compound with 5-7 toothed leaflets; relatively few basal leaves. Most leaves grow along upright stem. Leaves stalked; leaf stalk length and size decreasing toward apex. •Stems: One to several erect stems 30-60cm tall, may be branched with terminal, multi-flower inflorescence. Stem ...
... •Leaves: Palmately compound with 5-7 toothed leaflets; relatively few basal leaves. Most leaves grow along upright stem. Leaves stalked; leaf stalk length and size decreasing toward apex. •Stems: One to several erect stems 30-60cm tall, may be branched with terminal, multi-flower inflorescence. Stem ...
Weeds of the Cranberry Marsh - Wisconsin Fruit - UW
... doesn’t yield a match. It is possible to identify plants by characteristics of the leaves and stem, as well as root, if flowers aren’t present. The habitat of the plant can be important in identification. The technical terms used in the descriptions are defined in the glossary. Some terms apply spec ...
... doesn’t yield a match. It is possible to identify plants by characteristics of the leaves and stem, as well as root, if flowers aren’t present. The habitat of the plant can be important in identification. The technical terms used in the descriptions are defined in the glossary. Some terms apply spec ...
International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research
... Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), one of 12 aquatic species used as vegetable, has been cultivated for more than 2,000 years, and now has been widely cultivated Nelumbo grows as an emergent aquatic plant in water up to 2 m in depth at the margins of still lakes or ponds and in slow-moving rivers. It ...
... Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), one of 12 aquatic species used as vegetable, has been cultivated for more than 2,000 years, and now has been widely cultivated Nelumbo grows as an emergent aquatic plant in water up to 2 m in depth at the margins of still lakes or ponds and in slow-moving rivers. It ...
fiw
... the mutant (Fig. 2C), whereas the leaves appeared somewhat paler but still green even on day 47 in WT (Fig. 2F). Top view of the apical region of the fiw mutant (Fig. 1C) indicated that it had less flower buds than WT at the same age (Fig. ID). In theyhv apex, only small flower buds were observed. T ...
... the mutant (Fig. 2C), whereas the leaves appeared somewhat paler but still green even on day 47 in WT (Fig. 2F). Top view of the apical region of the fiw mutant (Fig. 1C) indicated that it had less flower buds than WT at the same age (Fig. ID). In theyhv apex, only small flower buds were observed. T ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.