TIBS Review - Structural Genomics Consortium
... deregulation in disease. Here we review recent advancements in our understanding of BET proteins, their structural organization and their involvement in disease as well as the translation of their small molecule inhibitors to the clinic. ...
... deregulation in disease. Here we review recent advancements in our understanding of BET proteins, their structural organization and their involvement in disease as well as the translation of their small molecule inhibitors to the clinic. ...
Regulation Of Glut4 Biogenesis In Muscle Evidence For
... terminus (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). For MEF2D, the blots were probed with a monoclonal antibody (Transduction Laboratories). This was followed by incubation with appropriate horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-IgG antibody. Antibody-bound protein was detected using enhanced chemiluminescence. An ...
... terminus (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). For MEF2D, the blots were probed with a monoclonal antibody (Transduction Laboratories). This was followed by incubation with appropriate horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-IgG antibody. Antibody-bound protein was detected using enhanced chemiluminescence. An ...
Biogenesis of the Protein Storage Vacuole Crystalloid
... surface of the 68% sucrose cushion from the second gradient were pelleted at 10,000 and 100,000 g, respectively. Each pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of ethanol/benzene 90:1 and dried thoroughly at 35⬚C under a stream of nitrogen. The fatty acyl components of lipids in the dried pellets were conver ...
... surface of the 68% sucrose cushion from the second gradient were pelleted at 10,000 and 100,000 g, respectively. Each pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of ethanol/benzene 90:1 and dried thoroughly at 35⬚C under a stream of nitrogen. The fatty acyl components of lipids in the dried pellets were conver ...
Biogenesis of the Protein Storage Vacuole Crystalloid
... surface of the 68% sucrose cushion from the second gradient were pelleted at 10,000 and 100,000 g, respectively. Each pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of ethanol/benzene 90:1 and dried thoroughly at 35⬚C under a stream of nitrogen. The fatty acyl components of lipids in the dried pellets were conver ...
... surface of the 68% sucrose cushion from the second gradient were pelleted at 10,000 and 100,000 g, respectively. Each pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of ethanol/benzene 90:1 and dried thoroughly at 35⬚C under a stream of nitrogen. The fatty acyl components of lipids in the dried pellets were conver ...
Detection of plum pox potyviral protein–protein interactions in planta
... analysed using different YTH systems (Hong et al., 1995; Li et al., 1997; Guo et al., 1999; Merits et al., 1999; UrcuquiInchima et al., 1999; Choi et al., 2000; López et al., 2001; Roudet-Tavert et al., 2002; Yambao et al., 2003; Seo et al., 2010). Moreover, complete interaction maps of potyviral p ...
... analysed using different YTH systems (Hong et al., 1995; Li et al., 1997; Guo et al., 1999; Merits et al., 1999; UrcuquiInchima et al., 1999; Choi et al., 2000; López et al., 2001; Roudet-Tavert et al., 2002; Yambao et al., 2003; Seo et al., 2010). Moreover, complete interaction maps of potyviral p ...
The Dual Function of Sugar Carriers: Transport and Sugar
... Detailed transport studies using radioactive tracers have subsequently allowed determination of kinetic properties, pH optima, inhibitor sensitivity, and substrate specificity of various SUT genes. All plant sucrose transporters identified so far are energy dependent and sensitive to protonophores, ...
... Detailed transport studies using radioactive tracers have subsequently allowed determination of kinetic properties, pH optima, inhibitor sensitivity, and substrate specificity of various SUT genes. All plant sucrose transporters identified so far are energy dependent and sensitive to protonophores, ...
Meaningful relationships: the regulation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK
... Rac, a small G-protein that binds and activates p21cdc42\rac1activated serine\threonine kinase (PAK) [29]. PAK-3 has recently been shown to phosphorylate Raf-1 on serine-338, one of the sites whose phosphorylation is required for activation [36]. The other site is tyrosine-341, which is targeted by ...
... Rac, a small G-protein that binds and activates p21cdc42\rac1activated serine\threonine kinase (PAK) [29]. PAK-3 has recently been shown to phosphorylate Raf-1 on serine-338, one of the sites whose phosphorylation is required for activation [36]. The other site is tyrosine-341, which is targeted by ...
protease (NS34A) and an RNA polymerase
... the PINK1–parkin pathway, the role of direct phosphorylation of parkin by PINK1 seems more complex. Koyano and colleagues report that modification of both ubiquitin and parkin at serine-65 is necessary for full activation of parkin in cells. But Kane and colleagues found evidence that modification o ...
... the PINK1–parkin pathway, the role of direct phosphorylation of parkin by PINK1 seems more complex. Koyano and colleagues report that modification of both ubiquitin and parkin at serine-65 is necessary for full activation of parkin in cells. But Kane and colleagues found evidence that modification o ...
Gene Section CDT1 (chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1)
... Cyclin-binding motif is the target for phosphorylation by cyclin A-dependent kinases, which results in the binding of Cdt1 to the F-box protein Skp2 and subsequent degradation. Interaction with geminin, a small regulatory protein active during S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle, protects CDT1 fro ...
... Cyclin-binding motif is the target for phosphorylation by cyclin A-dependent kinases, which results in the binding of Cdt1 to the F-box protein Skp2 and subsequent degradation. Interaction with geminin, a small regulatory protein active during S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle, protects CDT1 fro ...
NUCLEAR PROTEINS II. Similarity of Nonhistone Proteins in
... This pellet was resuspended in 10 mM Tris, pH 8, and centrifuged at 4,000 g for 10 min. The pellet was again resuspended in 10 mM Tris, pH 8, and centrifuged at 12.000 g for 10 min. These Tris washes were repeated two more times. The final pellet was termed crude chromatin. This was resuspended in T ...
... This pellet was resuspended in 10 mM Tris, pH 8, and centrifuged at 4,000 g for 10 min. The pellet was again resuspended in 10 mM Tris, pH 8, and centrifuged at 12.000 g for 10 min. These Tris washes were repeated two more times. The final pellet was termed crude chromatin. This was resuspended in T ...
The Tomato Calcium Sensor Cbl10 and Its Interacting - IBVF
... ROS burst stimulated extracellular Ca2+ influx to the cytosol (Lecourieux et al., 2002). The main enzymatic source for the oxidative bursts in Arabidopsis thaliana, the membrane-bound NADPH oxidases (also known as respiratory burst homolog [RBOH] proteins), are synergistically regulated by Ca2+ and p ...
... ROS burst stimulated extracellular Ca2+ influx to the cytosol (Lecourieux et al., 2002). The main enzymatic source for the oxidative bursts in Arabidopsis thaliana, the membrane-bound NADPH oxidases (also known as respiratory burst homolog [RBOH] proteins), are synergistically regulated by Ca2+ and p ...
Balancing between respiration and fermentation - UvA-DARE
... sourcess is inhibited by repressing synthesis of enzymes required for their utilization [98, 119]. Thee major portion of glucose is invariably catabolised via glycolysis, converting hexose phosphatee to pyruvate, a feature common to virtually ail sugar-metabolizing micro-organisms. Whilee glycolysis ...
... sourcess is inhibited by repressing synthesis of enzymes required for their utilization [98, 119]. Thee major portion of glucose is invariably catabolised via glycolysis, converting hexose phosphatee to pyruvate, a feature common to virtually ail sugar-metabolizing micro-organisms. Whilee glycolysis ...
Structure of Mammalian AMPK and its regulation by ADP
... The heterotrimeric (AMPK) has a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism; in response to a fall in intracellular ATP levels it activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes AMPK has been implicated in a number of diseases related to energy metabolism includ ...
... The heterotrimeric (AMPK) has a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism; in response to a fall in intracellular ATP levels it activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes AMPK has been implicated in a number of diseases related to energy metabolism includ ...
The protein import apparatus of chloroplasts
... translocation process. It is therefore likely that the polypeptide, fold into a certain tertiary and globular structure before translocation is initiated. Yet it is unlikely that a large globular macromolecule is able to penetrate a membrane in a specific and ordered fashion. In vivo cytosolic facto ...
... translocation process. It is therefore likely that the polypeptide, fold into a certain tertiary and globular structure before translocation is initiated. Yet it is unlikely that a large globular macromolecule is able to penetrate a membrane in a specific and ordered fashion. In vivo cytosolic facto ...
The unfolded protein response: controlling cell fate
... of eukaryotic translation initiator factor 2α (eIF2α)), activating mRNA decay by regulated inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1)dependent decay (RIDD), and activating autophagy through the IRE1α–JUN N‑terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. In a second wave of events, the UPR transcription factors activating t ...
... of eukaryotic translation initiator factor 2α (eIF2α)), activating mRNA decay by regulated inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1)dependent decay (RIDD), and activating autophagy through the IRE1α–JUN N‑terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. In a second wave of events, the UPR transcription factors activating t ...
Infusion of a biotinylated bis-glucose photolabel
... myocytes, where it has a role in basal glucose uptake (14, 41, 51), and in endothelial cells (9). GLUT1 undergoes modest translocation to the sarcolemma with insulin and ischemia (14, 51), as it does in adipocytes (50). GLUT1 is also regulated at the expression level during ischemia, in part through ...
... myocytes, where it has a role in basal glucose uptake (14, 41, 51), and in endothelial cells (9). GLUT1 undergoes modest translocation to the sarcolemma with insulin and ischemia (14, 51), as it does in adipocytes (50). GLUT1 is also regulated at the expression level during ischemia, in part through ...
Rubisco
... Pi into stroma to ensure continuous supply of inorganic phosphate for photophosphorylation ATP synthesis. It will also move NADPH synthesized by photorespiration into cytosol. NADPH will be converted to NADH during this process. ...
... Pi into stroma to ensure continuous supply of inorganic phosphate for photophosphorylation ATP synthesis. It will also move NADPH synthesized by photorespiration into cytosol. NADPH will be converted to NADH during this process. ...
Respiration - Biology Junction
... • These smaller sugars are oxidized and rearranged to form two molecules of pyruvate. • Each of the ten steps in glycolysis is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. • These steps can be divided into two phases: an energy investment phase and an energy payoff phase. Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • These smaller sugars are oxidized and rearranged to form two molecules of pyruvate. • Each of the ten steps in glycolysis is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. • These steps can be divided into two phases: an energy investment phase and an energy payoff phase. Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Characterizing the O-glycosylation landscape of human plasma
... distribution, and clustering of identified O-glycosites. As previously described in cell studies,1 we found Thr is preferentially glycosylated over Ser, whereas Tyr is only rarely glycosylated (Figure 2E). In contrast to the canonical view of O-glycosylation as a high-density mucin-type modification ...
... distribution, and clustering of identified O-glycosites. As previously described in cell studies,1 we found Thr is preferentially glycosylated over Ser, whereas Tyr is only rarely glycosylated (Figure 2E). In contrast to the canonical view of O-glycosylation as a high-density mucin-type modification ...
Campbell Biology in Focus (Urry) Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration
... than the covalent bonds in water and carbon dioxide. B) Electrons are being moved from atoms that have a lower affinity for electrons (such as C) to atoms with a higher affinity for electrons (such as O). C) The oxidation of organic compounds can be used to make ATP. D) The electrons have a higher p ...
... than the covalent bonds in water and carbon dioxide. B) Electrons are being moved from atoms that have a lower affinity for electrons (such as C) to atoms with a higher affinity for electrons (such as O). C) The oxidation of organic compounds can be used to make ATP. D) The electrons have a higher p ...
Design and application of stimulus
... novo creation of bis-amphiphilic peptides that switched states from an a-helix to a b-sheet in aqueous solution in a pH-dependent manner (Mutter et al., 1991). Peptides inspired by segments of the native proteins IsK and hen egg white lysozyme that self-assemble into gels comprising b-sheet tapes we ...
... novo creation of bis-amphiphilic peptides that switched states from an a-helix to a b-sheet in aqueous solution in a pH-dependent manner (Mutter et al., 1991). Peptides inspired by segments of the native proteins IsK and hen egg white lysozyme that self-assemble into gels comprising b-sheet tapes we ...
Intracellular Protein Degradation
... problems have remained unsolved. Important among them were: (i) the varying half-lives, (ii) the energy requirement, and (iii) the distinct response of different populations of proteins to lysosomal inhibitors. Thus, according to one model, it was proposed that different proteins have different sens ...
... problems have remained unsolved. Important among them were: (i) the varying half-lives, (ii) the energy requirement, and (iii) the distinct response of different populations of proteins to lysosomal inhibitors. Thus, according to one model, it was proposed that different proteins have different sens ...
Amyloid Deposits: Protection Against Toxic Protein
... Protein deposition as a cellular response to misfolded proteins One of the first indications that protein inclusions may protect cells from toxic misfolded proteins came from a study investigating the response of tissue culture cells to either proteasome inhibitors or to overexpression of proteins t ...
... Protein deposition as a cellular response to misfolded proteins One of the first indications that protein inclusions may protect cells from toxic misfolded proteins came from a study investigating the response of tissue culture cells to either proteasome inhibitors or to overexpression of proteins t ...
9 Pancreas + insulin Sinamis Drei Basel Noufal ……
... functional activity of insulin is lost .It is first synthesized in the beta cells as preproinsulin , which is then cleaved in the endoplasmic reticulum into proinsulin consisting of three chains of peptieds, A ,B , and C .Most of the proinsulin is further cleaved in Golgi apparatus to form (1) insul ...
... functional activity of insulin is lost .It is first synthesized in the beta cells as preproinsulin , which is then cleaved in the endoplasmic reticulum into proinsulin consisting of three chains of peptieds, A ,B , and C .Most of the proinsulin is further cleaved in Golgi apparatus to form (1) insul ...
The Ubiquitin System for Protein Degradation and Some of Its Roles
... reproduces energy-dependent protein degradation in the test tube, essential for the biochemical analysis of this system. For this purpose, we tried different sources, such as liver homogenates and extracts from cultured cells, and even from bacteria. We did not have any success in any of these attem ...
... reproduces energy-dependent protein degradation in the test tube, essential for the biochemical analysis of this system. For this purpose, we tried different sources, such as liver homogenates and extracts from cultured cells, and even from bacteria. We did not have any success in any of these attem ...
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, turn many protein enzymes on and off, thereby altering their function and activity. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification.Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes. Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of March 2015, the Medline database returns over 240,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).