![Methane emission in various wetland habitats in the Biebrza Valley](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/007919281_1-7d41e77d2a213dbff657dde50cec087d-300x300.png)
Methane emission in various wetland habitats in the Biebrza Valley
... Peatlands become carbon sinks (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000). Due to anaerobic conditions and high saturation of properly developing, natural peatlands, slow decomposition of organic matter induces organic carbon accumulation. In result, the methane (CH4) and the carbon dioxide (CO2), that become a si ...
... Peatlands become carbon sinks (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000). Due to anaerobic conditions and high saturation of properly developing, natural peatlands, slow decomposition of organic matter induces organic carbon accumulation. In result, the methane (CH4) and the carbon dioxide (CO2), that become a si ...
- UNDP Climate Change Adaptation
... B.1. Description of Financial Elements of the Project / Programme 5. The Government of Pakistan is requesting full concessionality of GCF resources to carry out the proposed interventions. Without grant resources, the proposed interventions would not be financed. First, with a debt of about 62% of i ...
... B.1. Description of Financial Elements of the Project / Programme 5. The Government of Pakistan is requesting full concessionality of GCF resources to carry out the proposed interventions. Without grant resources, the proposed interventions would not be financed. First, with a debt of about 62% of i ...
Turn Down the Heat - Open Knowledge Repository
... and wet season (JJA, bottom) precipitation for RCP2.6 (left) and RCP8.5 (right) for South East Asia by 2071–2099 relative to 1951–80 4.7 Regional sea-level rise projections for 2081–2100 (relative to 1986–2005) under RCP8.5 4.8 Local sea-level rise above 1986–2005 mean level as a result of globa ...
... and wet season (JJA, bottom) precipitation for RCP2.6 (left) and RCP8.5 (right) for South East Asia by 2071–2099 relative to 1951–80 4.7 Regional sea-level rise projections for 2081–2100 (relative to 1986–2005) under RCP8.5 4.8 Local sea-level rise above 1986–2005 mean level as a result of globa ...
R Cook Master Thesis 2010
... negotiate a post 2012 agreement on global climate change.1 It was the largest environmental negotiation to have taken place2 and the most contentious. The expectations were extremely high, yet the outcome was disappointing. However, the size of the negotiations and the acute disagreement between par ...
... negotiate a post 2012 agreement on global climate change.1 It was the largest environmental negotiation to have taken place2 and the most contentious. The expectations were extremely high, yet the outcome was disappointing. However, the size of the negotiations and the acute disagreement between par ...
DRAFT P W
... under the hydrologic conditions pertaining to the year 2002. They admit that the results could be very different if the failure occurred in a different month of the year or under different hydrologic conditions. Thus, it is of interest in this regard to predict the impact of levee failure under diff ...
... under the hydrologic conditions pertaining to the year 2002. They admit that the results could be very different if the failure occurred in a different month of the year or under different hydrologic conditions. Thus, it is of interest in this regard to predict the impact of levee failure under diff ...
Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook MODULE 10: Climate-smart fisheries and aquaculture
... fisheries (see Box 10.3), while Bell et al., (2011) focused on the vulnerability of species, food webs and ecosystems, and explored the issues related to tunas, their food web, coral reefs, mangroves, freshwater habitats and fisheries activities in the tropical Pacific islands. Cinner et al. (2012) ...
... fisheries (see Box 10.3), while Bell et al., (2011) focused on the vulnerability of species, food webs and ecosystems, and explored the issues related to tunas, their food web, coral reefs, mangroves, freshwater habitats and fisheries activities in the tropical Pacific islands. Cinner et al. (2012) ...
Protected Areas: Buffering nature against climate change
... glacial-interglacial swings of the Pleistocene, and biodiversity came through without major extinctions. In contrast, the present day anthropogenic warming of the planet threatens extinctions of large numbers of species through negative synergies between climate change and the loss and fragmentation ...
... glacial-interglacial swings of the Pleistocene, and biodiversity came through without major extinctions. In contrast, the present day anthropogenic warming of the planet threatens extinctions of large numbers of species through negative synergies between climate change and the loss and fragmentation ...
Chapter 7: Human Health
... increasing as the climate continues to change. For example, climate-sensitive diseases (e.g. Lyme disease) and vectors are moving northward into Canada and will likely continue to expand their range. In addition, new research suggests climate change will exacerbate air pollution issues in some parts ...
... increasing as the climate continues to change. For example, climate-sensitive diseases (e.g. Lyme disease) and vectors are moving northward into Canada and will likely continue to expand their range. In addition, new research suggests climate change will exacerbate air pollution issues in some parts ...
Science Plan - IGOS Cryosphere
... determine ice thickness, composition and distribution. We do not know how accurate present model predictions of the sea ice responses to climate change are, since the representation of much of the physics is incomplete in many models, and it will be necessary to improve coupled models considerably t ...
... determine ice thickness, composition and distribution. We do not know how accurate present model predictions of the sea ice responses to climate change are, since the representation of much of the physics is incomplete in many models, and it will be necessary to improve coupled models considerably t ...
Implications of Climate Change for Biodiversity
... depends on understanding what the nature of the change might be and where the potential for future persistence of biodiversity may be greatest. The scope of the challenge of adapting biodiversity management to climate change is shaped by the magnitude and extent of future climate change across Austr ...
... depends on understanding what the nature of the change might be and where the potential for future persistence of biodiversity may be greatest. The scope of the challenge of adapting biodiversity management to climate change is shaped by the magnitude and extent of future climate change across Austr ...
Application of environmentally sound technologies for adaptation to
... associated with climate variability and climate change, it is important to consider a diverse portfolio of potential technologies for adaptation. This is essential to retain the flexibility to transfer and adopt needed technology. Barriers, such as lack of information, lack of financial and human ca ...
... associated with climate variability and climate change, it is important to consider a diverse portfolio of potential technologies for adaptation. This is essential to retain the flexibility to transfer and adopt needed technology. Barriers, such as lack of information, lack of financial and human ca ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... using a detailed forest succession model for a site in southern Sweden, Sykes & Prentice (1996) found that compared with perfect migration, zero migration resulted in communities with fewer tree species, lower forest biomass and increased abundance of early successional species. Unfortunately, despi ...
... using a detailed forest succession model for a site in southern Sweden, Sykes & Prentice (1996) found that compared with perfect migration, zero migration resulted in communities with fewer tree species, lower forest biomass and increased abundance of early successional species. Unfortunately, despi ...
Synthesis of Climate Change Knowledge and Planning Practices
... highly significant habitats. For example, the climate change threat to biodiversity has been especially well documented for the Wet Tropics rainforests (Hilbert et al., 2001; Kanowski, 2001; Williams et al., 2003; Hilbert et al., 2004; Williams et al., 2008). However, other climate related informati ...
... highly significant habitats. For example, the climate change threat to biodiversity has been especially well documented for the Wet Tropics rainforests (Hilbert et al., 2001; Kanowski, 2001; Williams et al., 2003; Hilbert et al., 2004; Williams et al., 2008). However, other climate related informati ...
Wyoming v. USDA: A Look Down the Road at Management of
... development. 15 However, neither fully addresses the threat that climate change poses to forest ecosystems. Since the Forest Service analyzed the effects of the Rule in its 2000 final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), there has been a proliferation of literature on the effects of climate change ...
... development. 15 However, neither fully addresses the threat that climate change poses to forest ecosystems. Since the Forest Service analyzed the effects of the Rule in its 2000 final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), there has been a proliferation of literature on the effects of climate change ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources
... Figure 9 Change in average annual and first percentile rainfall for the ‘best’ case projections (ECHO-G GCM) and low emissions ......................................................................................... 29 Figure 10. Change in average annual and first percentile rainfall for the ‘best’ ...
... Figure 9 Change in average annual and first percentile rainfall for the ‘best’ case projections (ECHO-G GCM) and low emissions ......................................................................................... 29 Figure 10. Change in average annual and first percentile rainfall for the ‘best’ ...
Implications of global change for Important Bird Areas in South Africa
... species (those with global distributions of < 50,000 km2), (3) a significant component of a group of species whose distributions are largely or wholly confined to one biome, or (4) significant numbers of one or more congregatory species. The IBAs program guidelines emphasize that IBAs should complem ...
... species (those with global distributions of < 50,000 km2), (3) a significant component of a group of species whose distributions are largely or wholly confined to one biome, or (4) significant numbers of one or more congregatory species. The IBAs program guidelines emphasize that IBAs should complem ...
PDF
... Aquatic systems, both marine and freshwater, have been recognized as vital in provisioning, regulating and supporting a wide range of services1 for humankind (MA, 2005). However, climate change is a growing threat to the continuous provision of these services (IPCC, 2007a). The implications of this ...
... Aquatic systems, both marine and freshwater, have been recognized as vital in provisioning, regulating and supporting a wide range of services1 for humankind (MA, 2005). However, climate change is a growing threat to the continuous provision of these services (IPCC, 2007a). The implications of this ...
Potential of semi-structural and non-structural adaptation
... 1993 and 1995 on the Meuse. ICPR (2002) provide ranges of damage reduction percentages for different flood damage mitigation measures. Kreibich et al. (2005) and Kreibich and Thieken (2009) provide data on the effectiveness of household flood-proofing measures in reducing flood damages in Dresden, G ...
... 1993 and 1995 on the Meuse. ICPR (2002) provide ranges of damage reduction percentages for different flood damage mitigation measures. Kreibich et al. (2005) and Kreibich and Thieken (2009) provide data on the effectiveness of household flood-proofing measures in reducing flood damages in Dresden, G ...
Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer
... Substantial recovery of the ozone layer from the effects of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) is expected near the middle of the 21st century, assuming global compliance with the Montreal Protocol. Recovery will occur as ODSs and reactive halogen gases in the stratosphere decrease in the coming deca ...
... Substantial recovery of the ozone layer from the effects of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) is expected near the middle of the 21st century, assuming global compliance with the Montreal Protocol. Recovery will occur as ODSs and reactive halogen gases in the stratosphere decrease in the coming deca ...
Indicators of the impact of Climate Change on Migratory Species
... in the observed changes is now clearer than ever. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report concludes that most of the observed increase in global temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely (i.e. more than 90% chance) due to the human-induced increase in greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. ...
... in the observed changes is now clearer than ever. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report concludes that most of the observed increase in global temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely (i.e. more than 90% chance) due to the human-induced increase in greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. ...
chapter 1 - UNDPCC.org
... Research on Farming Systems Change to Enable Adaptation to Climate Change ...
... Research on Farming Systems Change to Enable Adaptation to Climate Change ...
The impact of climate change on dairy production
... The dairy sector is an important contributor to the economic activity on the IOI. The export value of dairy products from the ROI exceeded 3 billion in 2014 (Bord Bia, 2015) and totalled £390 million for NI. The ending of the EU milk quota system in April 2015 presents new opportunities for growth i ...
... The dairy sector is an important contributor to the economic activity on the IOI. The export value of dairy products from the ROI exceeded 3 billion in 2014 (Bord Bia, 2015) and totalled £390 million for NI. The ending of the EU milk quota system in April 2015 presents new opportunities for growth i ...
A Realist Review of Climate Change Adaptation Programme
... However, mitigation interventions against climate change, e.g. efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, have received more attention and funding from donor countries than climate change adaptation (CCA). CCA interventions aim to lessen climate-related vulnerability and build so-called ‘adaptive c ...
... However, mitigation interventions against climate change, e.g. efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, have received more attention and funding from donor countries than climate change adaptation (CCA). CCA interventions aim to lessen climate-related vulnerability and build so-called ‘adaptive c ...
the state of city climate finance - Cities Climate Finance Leadership
... The infrastructure planning and financing decisions made today will determine the world’s climate and development outcomes for the next century. Taken together, these decisions will lead to the building of either low-emission, climate-resilient infrastructure that increases economic opportunity or m ...
... The infrastructure planning and financing decisions made today will determine the world’s climate and development outcomes for the next century. Taken together, these decisions will lead to the building of either low-emission, climate-resilient infrastructure that increases economic opportunity or m ...
Biotic and Climatic Velocity Identify Contrasting Areas of
... establish in areas with newly suitable climate, or face the prospect of extirpation [1]. Such information also allows us to evaluate whether specific sites, such as existing protected areas, will serve as refugia or face loss of species and consequent changes in ecosystem processes [2]. The most com ...
... establish in areas with newly suitable climate, or face the prospect of extirpation [1]. Such information also allows us to evaluate whether specific sites, such as existing protected areas, will serve as refugia or face loss of species and consequent changes in ecosystem processes [2]. The most com ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).