Societal Adaptation to Abrupt Climate Change and Monsoon
... were interspersed with abrupt climate changes such as rapid cooling, warming, wetting and drying1-3, due to the forcing of Earth system across thresholds4. Thus, even though future man-made global warming may come gradually, it may be interspersed with large droughts and floods5. These societally di ...
... were interspersed with abrupt climate changes such as rapid cooling, warming, wetting and drying1-3, due to the forcing of Earth system across thresholds4. Thus, even though future man-made global warming may come gradually, it may be interspersed with large droughts and floods5. These societally di ...
Economic Analysis of Climate-Proofing Investment Projects
... pertaining to climate change projections, the presence of uncertainty about climate change does not invalidate the conduct of the economic analysis of an investment project and climate-proofing measures, nor does it require a new type of economic analysis. While better and more accurate information ...
... pertaining to climate change projections, the presence of uncertainty about climate change does not invalidate the conduct of the economic analysis of an investment project and climate-proofing measures, nor does it require a new type of economic analysis. While better and more accurate information ...
Full-Text PDF
... terrestrial ecosystems. Vegetation growth is influenced by the climate conditions, such as temperature and precipitation and also by ecosystem disturbances such as drought or fire. Climate change is increasing the frequency of such disturbances [1], which alters vegetation dynamics. Many earlier stu ...
... terrestrial ecosystems. Vegetation growth is influenced by the climate conditions, such as temperature and precipitation and also by ecosystem disturbances such as drought or fire. Climate change is increasing the frequency of such disturbances [1], which alters vegetation dynamics. Many earlier stu ...
The Impact of Climate Change and Population Growth
... methods and engineering inference designed to produce a realistic estimate within limited time and budget constraints. No new climate modeling or projections were developed. Instead, the work plan specified that estimates should be based upon available material published through the United States Cl ...
... methods and engineering inference designed to produce a realistic estimate within limited time and budget constraints. No new climate modeling or projections were developed. Instead, the work plan specified that estimates should be based upon available material published through the United States Cl ...
Democracy as it Should Be
... carbon. We are presently on course to increase global temperature by 4 degrees Celsius within the next three or four generations, perhaps sooner. According to climate expert Kevin Anderson, a 4C world is so radically different that it is "incompatible with organized global community, is likely to be ...
... carbon. We are presently on course to increase global temperature by 4 degrees Celsius within the next three or four generations, perhaps sooner. According to climate expert Kevin Anderson, a 4C world is so radically different that it is "incompatible with organized global community, is likely to be ...
Carnegie Mellon University
... In that way… …I could construct a PDF and CDF for future San Diego rainfall that would look roughly like this. ...
... In that way… …I could construct a PDF and CDF for future San Diego rainfall that would look roughly like this. ...
Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre Act, 2015
... 1990, and 46/169 of 19 December 1991 on the protection of global climate for present and future generations of mankind; Noting also the provisions of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 44/206 of 22 December 1989 on the possible adverse effects of sea-level rise on developing islands and coas ...
... 1990, and 46/169 of 19 December 1991 on the protection of global climate for present and future generations of mankind; Noting also the provisions of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 44/206 of 22 December 1989 on the possible adverse effects of sea-level rise on developing islands and coas ...
2006–2012 Climate Change Action Plan
... Certain naturally present gases in our atmosphere help retain the sun’s heat near the surface of Earth. They are known as “greenhouse gases” or GHGs. Without their presence, the average temperature in the lower levels of the atmosphere would be approximately -18 °C instead of +15 °C, and life as we ...
... Certain naturally present gases in our atmosphere help retain the sun’s heat near the surface of Earth. They are known as “greenhouse gases” or GHGs. Without their presence, the average temperature in the lower levels of the atmosphere would be approximately -18 °C instead of +15 °C, and life as we ...
Climate change and the conservation of marmots
... scattered alpine meadows to the wide-spread steppe environment. All species except M. bobak and M. monax are mountain dwellers [2]. Although habitat characteristics vary, they share the following major attributes: 1) meadow or grassland for foraging; 2) eastern to southern exposure where snow melts ...
... scattered alpine meadows to the wide-spread steppe environment. All species except M. bobak and M. monax are mountain dwellers [2]. Although habitat characteristics vary, they share the following major attributes: 1) meadow or grassland for foraging; 2) eastern to southern exposure where snow melts ...
Fact-Checking Polarized Politics: Does The Fact
... whether racism is a declining force in American society or is still influential (or growing) in power; and whether the national debt is growing to a dangerous degree or remaining at a manageable level that will not cause major economic harm. Perceptions of these contested facts are not only divided ...
... whether racism is a declining force in American society or is still influential (or growing) in power; and whether the national debt is growing to a dangerous degree or remaining at a manageable level that will not cause major economic harm. Perceptions of these contested facts are not only divided ...
UNEP YEar Book 2013
... 1951-1980 baseline. The Arctic strongly amplifies global signals of cooling and warming. As global temperatures increase or decrease, so do temperatures in the Arctic, but multiplied by a factor two or three. Source: NASA/GISS 2012 ...
... 1951-1980 baseline. The Arctic strongly amplifies global signals of cooling and warming. As global temperatures increase or decrease, so do temperatures in the Arctic, but multiplied by a factor two or three. Source: NASA/GISS 2012 ...
G. NAPA Team - Global Environment Facility
... production due to sea level rise may not be perceptible before 2010. By 2030, losses can become substantial in the order of 14-24% of output of affected districts. The social costs of such output losses will be very significant. Based on the vulnerability and adaptation (V&A) assessments that have ...
... production due to sea level rise may not be perceptible before 2010. By 2030, losses can become substantial in the order of 14-24% of output of affected districts. The social costs of such output losses will be very significant. Based on the vulnerability and adaptation (V&A) assessments that have ...
A New Climate for Conservation: Nature Carbon and Climate
... Forest Ecologist Dr. Jim Pojar, who prepared the report, has extensive professional experience in applied conservation biology, forest ecology, sustainable forest management, ecological land classification, and conservation, with a wealth of field experience throughout British Columbia. The hope is ...
... Forest Ecologist Dr. Jim Pojar, who prepared the report, has extensive professional experience in applied conservation biology, forest ecology, sustainable forest management, ecological land classification, and conservation, with a wealth of field experience throughout British Columbia. The hope is ...
Multicentennial Agulhas leakage variability and links to North
... records derived from the planktic foraminifera Globigerina bulloides. However, this subsurface (50–100 m water depth) dwelling species has an affinity to nutrient availability, and its life habitat seems largely unaffected by ambient temperature, being reported from almost every SST range in the worl ...
... records derived from the planktic foraminifera Globigerina bulloides. However, this subsurface (50–100 m water depth) dwelling species has an affinity to nutrient availability, and its life habitat seems largely unaffected by ambient temperature, being reported from almost every SST range in the worl ...
Effects of temperature change on mussel, Mytilus
... that the LT50 of M. edulis from the east coast of the USA ranged from 25 to 37 °C depending on the number of exposures and time of year at which measurements were made. In summer (June), thermal tolerances were similar in air and water, but differed by up to 5 °C (lower in water) in fall (November). ...
... that the LT50 of M. edulis from the east coast of the USA ranged from 25 to 37 °C depending on the number of exposures and time of year at which measurements were made. In summer (June), thermal tolerances were similar in air and water, but differed by up to 5 °C (lower in water) in fall (November). ...
Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. (2010) Adapting Institutions to Climate Change, Twenty-eighth report
... Recent legislation and government policy does indeed require adaptation to climate change to be addressed, but little detailed attention has been given to the central issue of this study, which focuses on capabilities of institutions – on the organisations and the institutional frameworks which regu ...
... Recent legislation and government policy does indeed require adaptation to climate change to be addressed, but little detailed attention has been given to the central issue of this study, which focuses on capabilities of institutions – on the organisations and the institutional frameworks which regu ...
Feb 27, 2016 - Science and Environmental Policy Project
... reviewed papers which he states cast doubts on the claim that human emissions of greenhouse gases, namely CO2, are causing significant global warming/climate change. One list is for 2015, the second for 2016. TWTW has not reviewed listed papers and cannot comment on the extent to which these papers ...
... reviewed papers which he states cast doubts on the claim that human emissions of greenhouse gases, namely CO2, are causing significant global warming/climate change. One list is for 2015, the second for 2016. TWTW has not reviewed listed papers and cannot comment on the extent to which these papers ...
FORESTS, LAND MANAGEMENT AND AGRICULTURE Chapter 13
... Agriculture has existed in the ACIA region for well over a millennium, and today consists of a mixture of commercial agriculture on several thousand farms and widespread subsistence agriculture. Potatoes and forage are characteristic crops of the cooler areas, and grains and oilseed crops are restri ...
... Agriculture has existed in the ACIA region for well over a millennium, and today consists of a mixture of commercial agriculture on several thousand farms and widespread subsistence agriculture. Potatoes and forage are characteristic crops of the cooler areas, and grains and oilseed crops are restri ...
SUBSIDIARY BODY ON SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND
... environment of a nature and scale intended to counteract anthropogenic climate change and its impacts. This definition is the same as used in CBD (2012)1, and is used here without prejudice to any definition that may subsequently be agreed under the Convention. “Climate engineering” and “climate int ...
... environment of a nature and scale intended to counteract anthropogenic climate change and its impacts. This definition is the same as used in CBD (2012)1, and is used here without prejudice to any definition that may subsequently be agreed under the Convention. “Climate engineering” and “climate int ...
International Conference on Climate and Environment Change
... High rates of population increase in the region and associated socio-economic problems have been further aggravated by recent climate change impacts which have produced more stress on the water resources in the Indus River Basin system. The lower part of the Basin is now one of the most water-stress ...
... High rates of population increase in the region and associated socio-economic problems have been further aggravated by recent climate change impacts which have produced more stress on the water resources in the Indus River Basin system. The lower part of the Basin is now one of the most water-stress ...
Economics, Institutions and Adaptation to Climate Change
... different concepts of adaptation (Agrawala et al. 2008; Ackerman/Stanton 2011; Smith et al. 2011). The second major source of difficulties arises from the uncertainty and diversity that surround adaptation. Uncertainty is importantly due to missing and/or uncertain information about the possible imp ...
... different concepts of adaptation (Agrawala et al. 2008; Ackerman/Stanton 2011; Smith et al. 2011). The second major source of difficulties arises from the uncertainty and diversity that surround adaptation. Uncertainty is importantly due to missing and/or uncertain information about the possible imp ...
Draft Guidelines on Climate Change and Natura 2000
... are the coastal habitats, fresh water habitats, bogs, mires and fens, and alpine habitats. Of all Natura 2000 species, amphibians and fish are considered to be most vulnerable to climate change. For many of the invertebrates, not much is known of their response to climate change due to limited knowl ...
... are the coastal habitats, fresh water habitats, bogs, mires and fens, and alpine habitats. Of all Natura 2000 species, amphibians and fish are considered to be most vulnerable to climate change. For many of the invertebrates, not much is known of their response to climate change due to limited knowl ...
English
... environment of a nature and scale intended to counteract anthropogenic climate change and its impacts. This definition is the same as used in CBD (2012)1, and is used here without prejudice to any definition that may subsequently be agreed under the Convention. “Climate engineering” and “climate int ...
... environment of a nature and scale intended to counteract anthropogenic climate change and its impacts. This definition is the same as used in CBD (2012)1, and is used here without prejudice to any definition that may subsequently be agreed under the Convention. “Climate engineering” and “climate int ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).