Climate change in size-structured ecosystems
... scenario used [1]. Predicted increases in global mean temperature conceal, of course, considerable regional and local variation. For example, land surfaces, mountain ranges and arctic regions are experiencing stronger increases in temperature than other areas [1]. A pressing issue is predicting the ...
... scenario used [1]. Predicted increases in global mean temperature conceal, of course, considerable regional and local variation. For example, land surfaces, mountain ranges and arctic regions are experiencing stronger increases in temperature than other areas [1]. A pressing issue is predicting the ...
3. Plant health
... to determine the role of climate change in the future epidemiology of other diseases and it may take many years before accurate estimates are available. Water-related issues. Aside from flooding, a number of other water-related issues are also important. Heavy precipitation has been linked to a numb ...
... to determine the role of climate change in the future epidemiology of other diseases and it may take many years before accurate estimates are available. Water-related issues. Aside from flooding, a number of other water-related issues are also important. Heavy precipitation has been linked to a numb ...
Sweden facing climate change - Government Offices of Sweden
... Extreme weather events in recent years ................................. 92 ...
... Extreme weather events in recent years ................................. 92 ...
Climate Change, Energy and South Africa`s Foreign Policy
... particularly carbon intensive, depending on coal-fired power stations for over 90% of its electricity. As Winkler points out: About 70% of total primary energy supply in South Africa derives from coal. Coal-fired power-stations provide 93% of electricity production. Given its coal-based energy econo ...
... particularly carbon intensive, depending on coal-fired power stations for over 90% of its electricity. As Winkler points out: About 70% of total primary energy supply in South Africa derives from coal. Coal-fired power-stations provide 93% of electricity production. Given its coal-based energy econo ...
Evolution of Marine Organisms under Climate Change
... Water 2014, 6, 3545-3574; doi:10.3390/w6113545 ...
... Water 2014, 6, 3545-3574; doi:10.3390/w6113545 ...
The effects of buffer and temperature feedback on the
... atmospheric CO2 concentration. The buffer feedback would result in an increase of 95 ppm in the atmospheric CO2 concentration and a decrease of 236 GtC absorbed by the oceans from the atmosphere between year 2000 and 2100 under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenario IS92e. By ...
... atmospheric CO2 concentration. The buffer feedback would result in an increase of 95 ppm in the atmospheric CO2 concentration and a decrease of 236 GtC absorbed by the oceans from the atmosphere between year 2000 and 2100 under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenario IS92e. By ...
Executive Summary CHILE`S FIRST BIENNIAL UPDATE REPORT
... information on their progress in tackling climate change. Chile submitted its Second National Communication on Climate Change in 2011, compiling the actions performed in the country in the first decade of 21st century. Although not much time has passed, the recent developments in institutionalizing ...
... information on their progress in tackling climate change. Chile submitted its Second National Communication on Climate Change in 2011, compiling the actions performed in the country in the first decade of 21st century. Although not much time has passed, the recent developments in institutionalizing ...
Special events
... corresponds to the appearance of numerous mammals (including primates) and the extinction or temporary disappearance of many deep-sea species. ...
... corresponds to the appearance of numerous mammals (including primates) and the extinction or temporary disappearance of many deep-sea species. ...
The runaway greenhouse: implications for future climate change
... (a positive feedback). Accelerating this, by implication, would boil the entire ocean. Historically, this possibility was discussed by Sagan [2] and Gold [3], but some of the earliest modern-era climate models [4] showed that while water vapour feedback is an important positive feedback for Earth, i ...
... (a positive feedback). Accelerating this, by implication, would boil the entire ocean. Historically, this possibility was discussed by Sagan [2] and Gold [3], but some of the earliest modern-era climate models [4] showed that while water vapour feedback is an important positive feedback for Earth, i ...
Special events
... hydrate in the upper hundreds of m of continental slope sediments before the latest Paleocene thermal maximum, during which ocean waters warmed by 7 to 14 degrees. ...
... hydrate in the upper hundreds of m of continental slope sediments before the latest Paleocene thermal maximum, during which ocean waters warmed by 7 to 14 degrees. ...
Ecosystem services - International Risk Governance Council
... change discussed above, often interact to increase their impacts; climate change, for example, can lead to more invasive species and more rapid habitat changes, thereby complicating governance issues. Habitat change The conversion of natural ecosystems into anthropogenic ecosystems (such as farmland ...
... change discussed above, often interact to increase their impacts; climate change, for example, can lead to more invasive species and more rapid habitat changes, thereby complicating governance issues. Habitat change The conversion of natural ecosystems into anthropogenic ecosystems (such as farmland ...
The role of discourse in the quest for low
... as, for the market proponent, a relevant valuation and internalisation of environmental costs is the efficient way to solve environmental problems (Dryzek, 2005). Thus, while there is little preoccupation with effectiveness, the market discourse can be characterised by a ‘‘progressive gospel of effi ...
... as, for the market proponent, a relevant valuation and internalisation of environmental costs is the efficient way to solve environmental problems (Dryzek, 2005). Thus, while there is little preoccupation with effectiveness, the market discourse can be characterised by a ‘‘progressive gospel of effi ...
Document Title - Sanjeev Sabhlok
... You can only explain REALITY. You can't impose theory on reality. That's not how science works. (Of course, religion does work that way, whereby you take theory and impose it on reality. Such approaches are guaranteed to lead us astray.) So we must focus on finding out what is real, before we make u ...
... You can only explain REALITY. You can't impose theory on reality. That's not how science works. (Of course, religion does work that way, whereby you take theory and impose it on reality. Such approaches are guaranteed to lead us astray.) So we must focus on finding out what is real, before we make u ...
Climate Change and Tourism - United Nations Department of
... With its close connections to the environment and climate itself, tourism is considered to be a highly climatesensitive economic sector similar to agriculture, insurance, energy, and transportation. 13 The regional manifestations of climate change will be highly ...
... With its close connections to the environment and climate itself, tourism is considered to be a highly climatesensitive economic sector similar to agriculture, insurance, energy, and transportation. 13 The regional manifestations of climate change will be highly ...
PDF
... The scenarios were designed around four dimensions. The first dimension was the presence of climate change. Some scenarios included impacts of climate change estimated from the IPCC scenario A2. However, there are significant uncertainties around future climate change and the impacts on agricultural ...
... The scenarios were designed around four dimensions. The first dimension was the presence of climate change. Some scenarios included impacts of climate change estimated from the IPCC scenario A2. However, there are significant uncertainties around future climate change and the impacts on agricultural ...
Federal Climate Change Legislation as If the States Matter
... points of departure. The bills all require steep cuts in emissions over a series of steps ending in 2050 with GHG emissions about 20 to 35 percent below current levels. These goals are consistent with the science indicating emission reductions are needed to avoid serious damage to the climate system ...
... points of departure. The bills all require steep cuts in emissions over a series of steps ending in 2050 with GHG emissions about 20 to 35 percent below current levels. These goals are consistent with the science indicating emission reductions are needed to avoid serious damage to the climate system ...
The greenhouse effect and terrestrial ecosystems of the
... Figure 4. A simple global carbon budget. Note that most of the numbers given here are known only approximately ...
... Figure 4. A simple global carbon budget. Note that most of the numbers given here are known only approximately ...
PDF
... cope with the negative consequences of climate change. The policy focus is now gradually moving from mitigation only to mitigation and adaptation (Carraro and Sgobbi, 2008), as highlighted also by many recent international and national initiatives, such as for example the European White Paper on cli ...
... cope with the negative consequences of climate change. The policy focus is now gradually moving from mitigation only to mitigation and adaptation (Carraro and Sgobbi, 2008), as highlighted also by many recent international and national initiatives, such as for example the European White Paper on cli ...
Application of Self-Organizing-Maps Technique in Downscaling
... In order to capture the climate change issues relevant for agricultural production, location-based assessments are needed to complement the broad impact assessments such as those provided by Global Climate Models (GCMs) (Feenstra et al., 1997). GCMs represent physical processes in the atmosphere, o ...
... In order to capture the climate change issues relevant for agricultural production, location-based assessments are needed to complement the broad impact assessments such as those provided by Global Climate Models (GCMs) (Feenstra et al., 1997). GCMs represent physical processes in the atmosphere, o ...
world climate programme
... Framework for Climate Services (GFCS). The GFCS has evolved over recent years as a Framework through which all stakeholders (including UN agencies, research and academic organizations, etc) could work together to address the concerns, amongst people, communities, ...
... Framework for Climate Services (GFCS). The GFCS has evolved over recent years as a Framework through which all stakeholders (including UN agencies, research and academic organizations, etc) could work together to address the concerns, amongst people, communities, ...
the relationships between marine phytoplankton
... the geological environment, but they also produce deep and long-lasting effects on this same environment. This theoretical standpoint is part of the explanation of why Lovelock and colleagues (1972) saw, in Fred Challenger’s observation that many marine organisms release dimethylsulphide (DMS), a re ...
... the geological environment, but they also produce deep and long-lasting effects on this same environment. This theoretical standpoint is part of the explanation of why Lovelock and colleagues (1972) saw, in Fred Challenger’s observation that many marine organisms release dimethylsulphide (DMS), a re ...
Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi
... The high latitude regions of the northern hemisphere have been undergoing significant changes during the last few decades [1–4]. The arctic regions are highly vulnerable to modifications in the climate system and are influenced by changes in temperature and precipitation regimes, as well as snow and ...
... The high latitude regions of the northern hemisphere have been undergoing significant changes during the last few decades [1–4]. The arctic regions are highly vulnerable to modifications in the climate system and are influenced by changes in temperature and precipitation regimes, as well as snow and ...
Past and future influence of climate change on spatially
... northwest arid regions and the Tibetan Plateau. In the Northeast Plain and Loess Plateau, however, the simulated NPP was higher than MODIS NPP. On one hand, both remote sensing interpretation and LPJ-DGVM simulation have a certain uncertainty. On the other hand, the LPJ-DGVM may under-estimate the n ...
... northwest arid regions and the Tibetan Plateau. In the Northeast Plain and Loess Plateau, however, the simulated NPP was higher than MODIS NPP. On one hand, both remote sensing interpretation and LPJ-DGVM simulation have a certain uncertainty. On the other hand, the LPJ-DGVM may under-estimate the n ...
Adaptation
... To do what: hard vs soft adaptation On the other hand there is the need of establishing those prerequisites for a succefull adaptation i.e. of adaptive capacity building. In a loose sense => more knowledge and awareness key role of education at different levels. - In the short term: awareness rai ...
... To do what: hard vs soft adaptation On the other hand there is the need of establishing those prerequisites for a succefull adaptation i.e. of adaptive capacity building. In a loose sense => more knowledge and awareness key role of education at different levels. - In the short term: awareness rai ...
UNRIC Library Backgrounder: Climate Change
... INTERVIEW with Patricia Espinosa (UNFCCC): 'Climate change is really about the wellbeing of people' (17 August 2016): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=54696 Shifting from climate change reaction to prevention saves lives for healthier, sustainable future, Secretary-General says, in messa ...
... INTERVIEW with Patricia Espinosa (UNFCCC): 'Climate change is really about the wellbeing of people' (17 August 2016): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=54696 Shifting from climate change reaction to prevention saves lives for healthier, sustainable future, Secretary-General says, in messa ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).