Snorter Dwarf Calf with Brachygnathia Inferior Condition
... inferior (parrot mouth) was identied in Holstein and Simmental breed calves due to polygenic inheritance (Girfth et al., loc. cit; Woollen, loc. cit). Based on the above ndings the present case could be classied as Snorter dwarf calf. Viral infection, teratogenic drugs and alkaloids of plants of ...
... inferior (parrot mouth) was identied in Holstein and Simmental breed calves due to polygenic inheritance (Girfth et al., loc. cit; Woollen, loc. cit). Based on the above ndings the present case could be classied as Snorter dwarf calf. Viral infection, teratogenic drugs and alkaloids of plants of ...
Cost-Sharing for Emergency Animal disease Responses
... animal diseases . . . . . “ Moves towards a new funding arrangement commenced in 1997 with a report commissioned by Animal Health Australia that proposed principles and a framework for a new government/industry agreement. During subsequent discussions on a new Agreement, Animal Health Australia’s go ...
... animal diseases . . . . . “ Moves towards a new funding arrangement commenced in 1997 with a report commissioned by Animal Health Australia that proposed principles and a framework for a new government/industry agreement. During subsequent discussions on a new Agreement, Animal Health Australia’s go ...
DO Before using this template, delete this statement. If
... An individual must be able to demonstrate the knowledge required to perform the tasks outlined in the elements and performance criteria of this unit. This includes knowledge of: • legal and ethical requirements (national, state/territory) for pharmacy work, and how these are applied in organisations ...
... An individual must be able to demonstrate the knowledge required to perform the tasks outlined in the elements and performance criteria of this unit. This includes knowledge of: • legal and ethical requirements (national, state/territory) for pharmacy work, and how these are applied in organisations ...
Use of antimicrobials in dairy farming
... country through the world, but they are allowed by the federal government of Canada and not all antimicrobials have to be prescribed by a veterinarian, but they can also be bought by Over The Counter (OTC) sale and administered to food producing animals without the interference of a veterinarian (He ...
... country through the world, but they are allowed by the federal government of Canada and not all antimicrobials have to be prescribed by a veterinarian, but they can also be bought by Over The Counter (OTC) sale and administered to food producing animals without the interference of a veterinarian (He ...
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD):Layout 1
... Symptoms almost always appear in older animals, but incubation (prion accumulation) times are likely the driving factor. That is, did the animal contract the disease as a fawn, yearling, or adult? As more fawns or yearlings become infected, the chance of seeing older, wild deer with symptoms should ...
... Symptoms almost always appear in older animals, but incubation (prion accumulation) times are likely the driving factor. That is, did the animal contract the disease as a fawn, yearling, or adult? As more fawns or yearlings become infected, the chance of seeing older, wild deer with symptoms should ...
5 Uses of antimicrobial drugs in food animals
... Because few drugs are approved for sheep, much antimicrobial use is extra-label. In mature ewes in western Canada, mastitis is one of the most important and frequent diseases requiring antimicrobial treatment. In lambs, pneumonia and coccidiosis are common indications for treatment. The use of antim ...
... Because few drugs are approved for sheep, much antimicrobial use is extra-label. In mature ewes in western Canada, mastitis is one of the most important and frequent diseases requiring antimicrobial treatment. In lambs, pneumonia and coccidiosis are common indications for treatment. The use of antim ...
Whirling disease - Department of Agriculture and Water Resources
... This disease strategy for the control and eradication of whirling disease is an integral part of the Australian Aquatic Veterinary Emergency Plan, or AQUAVETPLAN. AQUAVETPLAN disease strategy manuals are response manuals and do not include information about preventing the introduction of disease. ...
... This disease strategy for the control and eradication of whirling disease is an integral part of the Australian Aquatic Veterinary Emergency Plan, or AQUAVETPLAN. AQUAVETPLAN disease strategy manuals are response manuals and do not include information about preventing the introduction of disease. ...
lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas
... subclinical, control measures are to be applied to eradicate the infection itself rather than to suppress the symptoms. Economically IBR is a very important disease. Alongside other dangerous infectious diseases, IBR control is regulated by Part II of Annex E to Directive of the European Union 64/43 ...
... subclinical, control measures are to be applied to eradicate the infection itself rather than to suppress the symptoms. Economically IBR is a very important disease. Alongside other dangerous infectious diseases, IBR control is regulated by Part II of Annex E to Directive of the European Union 64/43 ...
Bio: Dr. Kate Hurley - Million Cat Challenge
... Guidelines for Standards of Care in Animal Shelters, and co-editing the textbook Infectious Disease Management in Animal Shelters. She also co-authored the first-ever vaccine guidelines specifically for shelter dogs and cats. Hurley co-chaired the organizing committee for a specialty in shelter medi ...
... Guidelines for Standards of Care in Animal Shelters, and co-editing the textbook Infectious Disease Management in Animal Shelters. She also co-authored the first-ever vaccine guidelines specifically for shelter dogs and cats. Hurley co-chaired the organizing committee for a specialty in shelter medi ...
Understanding the Veterinary Feed Directive
... The veterinarian issues a VFD by filling out a preprinted, multipart form (preapproved by the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine) supplied by the drug sponsor. These forms will be available for downloading at the drug sponsor’s website. The producer then presents this form to the feed supplier, wh ...
... The veterinarian issues a VFD by filling out a preprinted, multipart form (preapproved by the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine) supplied by the drug sponsor. These forms will be available for downloading at the drug sponsor’s website. The producer then presents this form to the feed supplier, wh ...
oral pathology - Buffalo Academy of Veterinary Medicine
... approximately 60% of cats over 6 years of age have at least one, and those that have one typically have more. These lesions are caused by odontoclasts which are cells that are responsible for the normal remodelling of tooth structure. These cells are activated and do not down regulate, resulting in ...
... approximately 60% of cats over 6 years of age have at least one, and those that have one typically have more. These lesions are caused by odontoclasts which are cells that are responsible for the normal remodelling of tooth structure. These cells are activated and do not down regulate, resulting in ...
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 277-288 (1996)
... They were interspersed with periods of almost normal enzyme activity. It is postulated that this pattern may reflect episodes of severe cellular damage, during which individual hepatocytes are destroyed, these being followed by replacement with non-active fibrous tissue. The result is a decrease in ...
... They were interspersed with periods of almost normal enzyme activity. It is postulated that this pattern may reflect episodes of severe cellular damage, during which individual hepatocytes are destroyed, these being followed by replacement with non-active fibrous tissue. The result is a decrease in ...
Survival of pathogenic micro-organisms and parasites in
... worse there is, especially in the case of salmonellosis, a tendency for these pathogens to occur in slurries of livestock which have never shown any sign of clinical illness. After the second and third microbiological examination of the same slurries, the salmonellas are not isolated again (33, 42, ...
... worse there is, especially in the case of salmonellosis, a tendency for these pathogens to occur in slurries of livestock which have never shown any sign of clinical illness. After the second and third microbiological examination of the same slurries, the salmonellas are not isolated again (33, 42, ...
Wildlife health investigations: needs, challenges and
... lance, there are a number of alternative methods for accessing health information. Data from slaughtered farmed wildlife such as deer of from domestic animals potentially exposed to wildlife pathogens provide evidence of pathology as well as samples of blood and parasites [18,22-24]. Appropriate dia ...
... lance, there are a number of alternative methods for accessing health information. Data from slaughtered farmed wildlife such as deer of from domestic animals potentially exposed to wildlife pathogens provide evidence of pathology as well as samples of blood and parasites [18,22-24]. Appropriate dia ...
Resistance to infectious diseases is a heritable trait in rabbits1
... a French action plan for “the reduction of the risks of antibiotic resistance in veterinary medicine” was published. The plan aims to reduce the quantity of antibiotics used in animal production by 25% within 5 yr and to promote alternative methods to maintain health in breeding farms (French Minist ...
... a French action plan for “the reduction of the risks of antibiotic resistance in veterinary medicine” was published. The plan aims to reduce the quantity of antibiotics used in animal production by 25% within 5 yr and to promote alternative methods to maintain health in breeding farms (French Minist ...
prevalence of antibody against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus
... infected previously with IBR virus (LUDWIG and GREGERSEN, 1986) . The prevalence of reactors in NTT and NTB were 12.6% and 4.3% respectively. KAHRS (1977) stated that cattle with antibody prevalence between 10% to 96% are potential sources of IBR infection . Sentinel cattle in NTT could therefore be ...
... infected previously with IBR virus (LUDWIG and GREGERSEN, 1986) . The prevalence of reactors in NTT and NTB were 12.6% and 4.3% respectively. KAHRS (1977) stated that cattle with antibody prevalence between 10% to 96% are potential sources of IBR infection . Sentinel cattle in NTT could therefore be ...
Fasciolosis
Fasciolosis (also known as fascioliasis, fasciolasis, distomatosis and liver rot) is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis, and is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). It affects humans, but its main host is ruminants such as cattle and sheep. The disease progresses through four distinct phases; an initial incubation phase of between a few days up to three months with little or no symptoms; an invasive or acute phase which may manifest with: fever, malaise, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, anemia, jaundice, and respiratory symptoms. The disease later progresses to a latent phase with less symptoms and ultimately into a chronic or obstructive phase months to years later. In the chronic state the disease causes inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder and may cause gall stones as well as fibrosis. While chronic inflammation is connected to increased cancer rates it is unclear whether fasciolosis is associated with increased cancer risk.Up to half of those infected display no symptoms, and diagnosis is difficult because eggs are often missed in fecal examination. The methods of detection are through fecal examination, parasite-specific antibody detection, radiological diagnosis as well as laparotomy. In case of a suspected outbreak it may be useful to keep track of dietary history, which is also useful for exclusion of differential diagnoses. Fecal examination is generally not helpful because eggs can seldom be detected in the chronic phase of the infection and detection of eggs. Eggs appear in the feces first between 9–11 weeks post-infection. The cause of this is unknown, and the it is also difficult to distinguish between the different species of fasciola as well distinguishing them from Echinostomes and Fasciolopsis. Most immunodiagnostic tests detect infection with very high sensitivity and as concentration drops after treatment it is a very good diagnostic method. Clinically it is not possible to differentiate from other liver and bile diseases. Radiological methods can detect lesions in both acute and chronic infection, while laparotomy will detect lesions and also occasionally eggs and live worms.Because of the size of the parasite (adult F. hepatica: 20–30 × 13 mm, adult F. gigantica: 25–75×12 mm) fasciolosis is a big concern. The amount of symptoms depend on how many worms and what stage the infection is in. The death rate is significant in both sheep and cattle, but generally low among humans. Treatment with triclabendazole is highly effective against the adult worms as well as various developing stages. Praziquantel is not effective, and older drugs such as bithionol are moderately effective but also cause more side effects. Secondary bacterial infection causing cholangitis is also a concern and can be treated with antibiotics, and toxaemia may be treated with prednisolone.Humans are infected by eating watergrown plants, primarily wild grown watercress in Europe and morning glory in Asia. Infection may also occur by drinking contaminated water with floating young fasciola or when using utensils washed with contaminated water. Cultivated plants do not spread the disease in the same capacity. Human infection is rare even if the infection rate is high among animals. Especially high rates of human infection have been found in Bolivia, Peru and Egypt, and this may be due to consumption of certain foods. No vaccine is available to protect people against Fasciola infection. Preventative measures are primarily treating and immunization the livestock – which are required for the live cycle of the worms. Veterinary vaccines are in development and their use is being considered by a number of countries on account of the risk to human health and economic losses resulting from livestock infection. Other methods include using molluscicides to decrease the amount of snails that act as vectors, but it is not practical. Educational methods to decrease consumption of wild watercress and other waterplants has been shown to work in areas with a high disease burden. In some areas of the world where fascioliasis is found (endemic), special control programs are in place or are planned. The types of control measures depend on the setting (such as epidemiologic, ecologic, and cultural factors). Strict control of the growth and sale of watercress and other edible water plants is important.Individual people can protect themselves by not eating raw watercress and other water plants, especially from endemic grazing areas. Travelers to areas with poor sanitation should avoid food and water that might be contaminated (tainted). Vegetables grown in fields that might have been irrigated with polluted water should be thoroughly cooked, as should viscera from potentially infected animals. Fascioliasis occurs in Europe, Africa, the Americas as well as Oceania. Recently, worldwide losses in animal productivity due to fasciolosis were conservatively estimated at over US$3.2 billion per annum. Fasciolosis is now recognized as an emerging human disease: the World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola, and a further 180 million are at risk of infection.