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Parasitic Skin Diseases Part 1
... an isolated fly or mosquito bite, or severe, as in the case of generalized demodicosis or canine scabies. When ectoparasites are vectors or intermediate hosts of bacterial, rickettsia, or parasitic diseases, they become more important than when they produce only their own effect. ...
... an isolated fly or mosquito bite, or severe, as in the case of generalized demodicosis or canine scabies. When ectoparasites are vectors or intermediate hosts of bacterial, rickettsia, or parasitic diseases, they become more important than when they produce only their own effect. ...
Human Brucella canis outbreak linked to infection in dogs
... infected dogs have been shown to remain bacteraemic for long periods of time, these results also suggest a risk of human infection in this area. Considering the few reports of human global cases in the past 20 years, B. canis is probably either not tested for or not reported [5]. Since routine human ...
... infected dogs have been shown to remain bacteraemic for long periods of time, these results also suggest a risk of human infection in this area. Considering the few reports of human global cases in the past 20 years, B. canis is probably either not tested for or not reported [5]. Since routine human ...
English
... where diagnosis was based only on clinical signs, the incidence of bovine anaplasmosis over a oneyear period was found to be 15–57 % (Mulei & Rege 1989). These findings could not have been accurate, as diagnosis based on clinical signs is not sensitive enough and subclinical cases and carrier animal ...
... where diagnosis was based only on clinical signs, the incidence of bovine anaplasmosis over a oneyear period was found to be 15–57 % (Mulei & Rege 1989). These findings could not have been accurate, as diagnosis based on clinical signs is not sensitive enough and subclinical cases and carrier animal ...
Tay-Sachs disease in Jacob sheep - Tay
... These individuals are referred to as Sandhoff disease whether they are of late-infantile, juvenile, or adult onset. Another component, GM2activator protein, also encoded on chromosome 5, is also required for the action of Hex A on GM2-ganglioside. In a few very rare instances, GM2-gangliosidosis has ...
... These individuals are referred to as Sandhoff disease whether they are of late-infantile, juvenile, or adult onset. Another component, GM2activator protein, also encoded on chromosome 5, is also required for the action of Hex A on GM2-ganglioside. In a few very rare instances, GM2-gangliosidosis has ...
The EU referendum and the UK veterinary profession
... between the United Kingdom and the European Union: Animal Health and Welfare and Food Safety Report, which summarises the findings of the consultation with key partners, including the veterinary profession. The report includes a lot of detail on existing European issues and covers the following them ...
... between the United Kingdom and the European Union: Animal Health and Welfare and Food Safety Report, which summarises the findings of the consultation with key partners, including the veterinary profession. The report includes a lot of detail on existing European issues and covers the following them ...
emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases
... The phenomenon of globalization has been one of the most remarkable changes in our lives over the last quarter of a century. Globalization has been the driving force that has profoundly impacted international trade, economics, and cultural interactions. The spatial mobility of the average human has ...
... The phenomenon of globalization has been one of the most remarkable changes in our lives over the last quarter of a century. Globalization has been the driving force that has profoundly impacted international trade, economics, and cultural interactions. The spatial mobility of the average human has ...
Insecticide Causes Mad Cow Disease
... political clout to block research into any cause other than the infective model. Indeed no substantive alternative research has been done. British BSE disease management and research bodies have taken decisions that do not seem guided by spirited scientific enquiry. Mysterious prions that jump spec ...
... political clout to block research into any cause other than the infective model. Indeed no substantive alternative research has been done. British BSE disease management and research bodies have taken decisions that do not seem guided by spirited scientific enquiry. Mysterious prions that jump spec ...
Mycobacterium bovis: Characteristics of Wildlife Reservoir Hosts
... 2008). Wild animals are susceptible to infection by many of the same pathogens that afflict domestic animals, and transmission between domestic animals and wildlife can occur in both directions. Nevertheless, the original event was often the transmission of a domestic animal disease to wildlife (Dob ...
... 2008). Wild animals are susceptible to infection by many of the same pathogens that afflict domestic animals, and transmission between domestic animals and wildlife can occur in both directions. Nevertheless, the original event was often the transmission of a domestic animal disease to wildlife (Dob ...
General
... biosecurity limits veterinary visits, formal rules of communication must be established between vet and farmer. Veterinary prescriptions should precisely state the dose, dosing intervals, duration, withdrawal periods and total drug used (OIE) and the vet should be available for follow-up after presc ...
... biosecurity limits veterinary visits, formal rules of communication must be established between vet and farmer. Veterinary prescriptions should precisely state the dose, dosing intervals, duration, withdrawal periods and total drug used (OIE) and the vet should be available for follow-up after presc ...
Roseola infantum (exanthem subitum) Authors Cécile Tremblay, MD
... ●Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a rash that is prominent on the cheeks (picture 6A-B). The facial rash may be followed by a "lacelike" rash (reticulated blanching erythema) on the trunk and extremities (picture 7), which may recur. Erythema infectiosum usually affects school age children. ...
... ●Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a rash that is prominent on the cheeks (picture 6A-B). The facial rash may be followed by a "lacelike" rash (reticulated blanching erythema) on the trunk and extremities (picture 7), which may recur. Erythema infectiosum usually affects school age children. ...
Prevalence, disease description and epidemiological factors
... Characterization and classification of skin lesions Skin lesions were located on the forelimb of 98.6% of giraffes examined. Involvement of both forelimbs (bilateral lesions) was common (90.7%, n=91). Lesions were less commonly observed on the brisket (11%), and rarely observed on the hindlimbs, hin ...
... Characterization and classification of skin lesions Skin lesions were located on the forelimb of 98.6% of giraffes examined. Involvement of both forelimbs (bilateral lesions) was common (90.7%, n=91). Lesions were less commonly observed on the brisket (11%), and rarely observed on the hindlimbs, hin ...
University of Minnesota - Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
... animal diagnosticians support this program. The caseload includes a wide variety of domestic, wild and exotic animals, birds, and laboratory rodents submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and the Masonic Cancer Center Comparative Pathology Shared Resource. The total diagnostic case load i ...
... animal diagnosticians support this program. The caseload includes a wide variety of domestic, wild and exotic animals, birds, and laboratory rodents submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and the Masonic Cancer Center Comparative Pathology Shared Resource. The total diagnostic case load i ...
CNA Unit 3 - Lesson 3rev-20
... protection when it is likely that eyes will be splashed with body substances. Use a mask to protect the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth. Discard masks after use and place reusable goggles/face shields in a specified container for cleaning. ...
... protection when it is likely that eyes will be splashed with body substances. Use a mask to protect the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth. Discard masks after use and place reusable goggles/face shields in a specified container for cleaning. ...
Fasciolosis
Fasciolosis (also known as fascioliasis, fasciolasis, distomatosis and liver rot) is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis, and is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). It affects humans, but its main host is ruminants such as cattle and sheep. The disease progresses through four distinct phases; an initial incubation phase of between a few days up to three months with little or no symptoms; an invasive or acute phase which may manifest with: fever, malaise, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, anemia, jaundice, and respiratory symptoms. The disease later progresses to a latent phase with less symptoms and ultimately into a chronic or obstructive phase months to years later. In the chronic state the disease causes inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder and may cause gall stones as well as fibrosis. While chronic inflammation is connected to increased cancer rates it is unclear whether fasciolosis is associated with increased cancer risk.Up to half of those infected display no symptoms, and diagnosis is difficult because eggs are often missed in fecal examination. The methods of detection are through fecal examination, parasite-specific antibody detection, radiological diagnosis as well as laparotomy. In case of a suspected outbreak it may be useful to keep track of dietary history, which is also useful for exclusion of differential diagnoses. Fecal examination is generally not helpful because eggs can seldom be detected in the chronic phase of the infection and detection of eggs. Eggs appear in the feces first between 9–11 weeks post-infection. The cause of this is unknown, and the it is also difficult to distinguish between the different species of fasciola as well distinguishing them from Echinostomes and Fasciolopsis. Most immunodiagnostic tests detect infection with very high sensitivity and as concentration drops after treatment it is a very good diagnostic method. Clinically it is not possible to differentiate from other liver and bile diseases. Radiological methods can detect lesions in both acute and chronic infection, while laparotomy will detect lesions and also occasionally eggs and live worms.Because of the size of the parasite (adult F. hepatica: 20–30 × 13 mm, adult F. gigantica: 25–75×12 mm) fasciolosis is a big concern. The amount of symptoms depend on how many worms and what stage the infection is in. The death rate is significant in both sheep and cattle, but generally low among humans. Treatment with triclabendazole is highly effective against the adult worms as well as various developing stages. Praziquantel is not effective, and older drugs such as bithionol are moderately effective but also cause more side effects. Secondary bacterial infection causing cholangitis is also a concern and can be treated with antibiotics, and toxaemia may be treated with prednisolone.Humans are infected by eating watergrown plants, primarily wild grown watercress in Europe and morning glory in Asia. Infection may also occur by drinking contaminated water with floating young fasciola or when using utensils washed with contaminated water. Cultivated plants do not spread the disease in the same capacity. Human infection is rare even if the infection rate is high among animals. Especially high rates of human infection have been found in Bolivia, Peru and Egypt, and this may be due to consumption of certain foods. No vaccine is available to protect people against Fasciola infection. Preventative measures are primarily treating and immunization the livestock – which are required for the live cycle of the worms. Veterinary vaccines are in development and their use is being considered by a number of countries on account of the risk to human health and economic losses resulting from livestock infection. Other methods include using molluscicides to decrease the amount of snails that act as vectors, but it is not practical. Educational methods to decrease consumption of wild watercress and other waterplants has been shown to work in areas with a high disease burden. In some areas of the world where fascioliasis is found (endemic), special control programs are in place or are planned. The types of control measures depend on the setting (such as epidemiologic, ecologic, and cultural factors). Strict control of the growth and sale of watercress and other edible water plants is important.Individual people can protect themselves by not eating raw watercress and other water plants, especially from endemic grazing areas. Travelers to areas with poor sanitation should avoid food and water that might be contaminated (tainted). Vegetables grown in fields that might have been irrigated with polluted water should be thoroughly cooked, as should viscera from potentially infected animals. Fascioliasis occurs in Europe, Africa, the Americas as well as Oceania. Recently, worldwide losses in animal productivity due to fasciolosis were conservatively estimated at over US$3.2 billion per annum. Fasciolosis is now recognized as an emerging human disease: the World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola, and a further 180 million are at risk of infection.