Serotonin synchronises convergent extension of
... detected with a pharmacology indistinguishable from that determined in 5-ht2Dro transfected COS-1 cells membranes (Colas et al., 1995) and with a maximum of 18 fmol of receptor/mg of total protein from stage-7 embryos (Table 1). The peak of 5-HT, corresponding to a global concentration of 51.5 fmol/ ...
... detected with a pharmacology indistinguishable from that determined in 5-ht2Dro transfected COS-1 cells membranes (Colas et al., 1995) and with a maximum of 18 fmol of receptor/mg of total protein from stage-7 embryos (Table 1). The peak of 5-HT, corresponding to a global concentration of 51.5 fmol/ ...
Lecture 11 Part 2
... – Promotes the retention of H20 by the kidneys. – Alcohol inhibits release of ADH = increased urination – Works to maintain blood pressure by regulation of water in blood » Increases blood pressure – via contraction of SM ...
... – Promotes the retention of H20 by the kidneys. – Alcohol inhibits release of ADH = increased urination – Works to maintain blood pressure by regulation of water in blood » Increases blood pressure – via contraction of SM ...
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... shape [3]. Importantly, the centrosome also governs the position and activity of this second MTOC through a physical tether, the striated fiber [15]. During mitosis in tachyzoites, a polar striated fiber emerges from each centrosome and at its other end gives rise to the MTOC that defines the daught ...
... shape [3]. Importantly, the centrosome also governs the position and activity of this second MTOC through a physical tether, the striated fiber [15]. During mitosis in tachyzoites, a polar striated fiber emerges from each centrosome and at its other end gives rise to the MTOC that defines the daught ...
Chapter 4 Powerpoint Show
... Learning objectives: Compare/contrast cell walls of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, archaea, and mycoplasmas. Differentiate between protoplast, spheroplast, and L form. ...
... Learning objectives: Compare/contrast cell walls of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, archaea, and mycoplasmas. Differentiate between protoplast, spheroplast, and L form. ...
LIU-THESIS - eCommons@USASK
... Plant species in the temperate zones are vulnerable to natural low temperatures and cold hardy plants first freeze outside the plasma membrane in the extracellular space of the apoplast (cell wall, middle lamella) (Levitt, 1980). Water inside the cells will then migrate out to freeze in the apoplas ...
... Plant species in the temperate zones are vulnerable to natural low temperatures and cold hardy plants first freeze outside the plasma membrane in the extracellular space of the apoplast (cell wall, middle lamella) (Levitt, 1980). Water inside the cells will then migrate out to freeze in the apoplas ...
Structural requirements of KTS-disintegrins for inhibition of α1β1
... between cells and extracellular adhesion molecules. In humans, 18 α and eight β integrin subunits combine in a restricted manner to form at least 24 dimers, each of which exhibits a distinct ligandbinding profile [1–3]. Integrins transduce bidirectional signals across the plasma membrane, between th ...
... between cells and extracellular adhesion molecules. In humans, 18 α and eight β integrin subunits combine in a restricted manner to form at least 24 dimers, each of which exhibits a distinct ligandbinding profile [1–3]. Integrins transduce bidirectional signals across the plasma membrane, between th ...
Chapter 4 Powerpoint lecture
... • Glycocalyx surround animal cells (strength, attachment to other cells) • Carbohydrates extending from animal plasma membrane • Bonded to proteins and lipids in membrane Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... • Glycocalyx surround animal cells (strength, attachment to other cells) • Carbohydrates extending from animal plasma membrane • Bonded to proteins and lipids in membrane Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Identification of the Protein Storage Vacuole
... These studies clearly demonstrate that multiple types of vacuoles occur not only in a single plant species but also in a single cell. The biological roles of the lytic vacuole present in most cells and PSVs in seed cells are rather clear (Herman and Larkins, 1999; Marty, 1999). The lytic vacuole is ...
... These studies clearly demonstrate that multiple types of vacuoles occur not only in a single plant species but also in a single cell. The biological roles of the lytic vacuole present in most cells and PSVs in seed cells are rather clear (Herman and Larkins, 1999; Marty, 1999). The lytic vacuole is ...
Planta
... acids that are metabolized within hours by soil microorganisms (Jones et al. 2003), while specialized microbes, referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), generate an array of biologically active compounds that elicit growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants ...
... acids that are metabolized within hours by soil microorganisms (Jones et al. 2003), while specialized microbes, referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), generate an array of biologically active compounds that elicit growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants ...
Subcellular localization of peroxidase in tomato fruit skin and the
... 2000). However, this procedure may not distinguish between peroxidases bound to the cell wall and those bound to other membranes such as the plasma membrane or tonoplast, or symplastic peroxidases that may bind non-speci®cally to exposed cell walls when released from the cytosol during sample macera ...
... 2000). However, this procedure may not distinguish between peroxidases bound to the cell wall and those bound to other membranes such as the plasma membrane or tonoplast, or symplastic peroxidases that may bind non-speci®cally to exposed cell walls when released from the cytosol during sample macera ...
Role of Polycomb Group Protein Cbx2/M33 in Meiosis Onset and
... However, Cbx2(XX−/−) females exhibited small ovaries (Figure 1C) compared to control Cbx2(XX+/+) females (Figure 1B). Importantly, in contrast to wild type controls (Figure 1D; n = 14) chromosomally male Cbx2(XY−/−) mutant fetuses (n = 14) exhibited severe testicular growth retardation accompanied b ...
... However, Cbx2(XX−/−) females exhibited small ovaries (Figure 1C) compared to control Cbx2(XX+/+) females (Figure 1B). Importantly, in contrast to wild type controls (Figure 1D; n = 14) chromosomally male Cbx2(XY−/−) mutant fetuses (n = 14) exhibited severe testicular growth retardation accompanied b ...
ROS-talk – how the apoplast, the chloroplast, and the nucleus get
... response is evident in various model systems and processes (Joo et al., 2005; Vahisalu et al., 2010), although it is mechanistically still largely unexplained. The results suggest that the apoplastic ROS signal is transduced to the chloroplasts, where a secondary ROS production is initiated. This si ...
... response is evident in various model systems and processes (Joo et al., 2005; Vahisalu et al., 2010), although it is mechanistically still largely unexplained. The results suggest that the apoplastic ROS signal is transduced to the chloroplasts, where a secondary ROS production is initiated. This si ...
Membrane vesicle-mediated release of bacterial
... Furthermore, Northern blot analysis using probe vc2478,5 on extractions from the density gradient purified vesicle fractions also showed that fractions with RNA contained HTRRs (Supplementary Fig. S2B, right panel: lanes 3 and 4). To ensure that the DNAse I treatment could remove any contaminating D ...
... Furthermore, Northern blot analysis using probe vc2478,5 on extractions from the density gradient purified vesicle fractions also showed that fractions with RNA contained HTRRs (Supplementary Fig. S2B, right panel: lanes 3 and 4). To ensure that the DNAse I treatment could remove any contaminating D ...
GSK-3 Promotes Cell Survival, Growth, and PAX3 Levels in Human
... phosphorylation and increased levels of PAX3. Mol Cancer Res; 10(8); 1065–76. 2012 AACR. ...
... phosphorylation and increased levels of PAX3. Mol Cancer Res; 10(8); 1065–76. 2012 AACR. ...
EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID CONCENTRATION ON
... of the important factors to regulate passing cell through cell cycle [Potters et al. 2002]. Dehydroascorbate (DHA), an oxidized molecule, is a redox-active related to development of cell cycle. Potters et al. [2000] have shown that DHA revival is capable to influence on normal development of plant c ...
... of the important factors to regulate passing cell through cell cycle [Potters et al. 2002]. Dehydroascorbate (DHA), an oxidized molecule, is a redox-active related to development of cell cycle. Potters et al. [2000] have shown that DHA revival is capable to influence on normal development of plant c ...
K-ras modulates the cell cycle via both positive and negative
... through growth factor receptor pathways. Therefore, when cells are grown in media containing a high concentration (10%) of serum, the eect of the activated K-ras transgene (i.e. the transfected activated K-ras) may not be apparent unless the cells were subjected to treatment with media containing a ...
... through growth factor receptor pathways. Therefore, when cells are grown in media containing a high concentration (10%) of serum, the eect of the activated K-ras transgene (i.e. the transfected activated K-ras) may not be apparent unless the cells were subjected to treatment with media containing a ...
Global phosphoproteomic effects of natural tyrosine kinase inhibitor
... Genistein is a natural protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor that exerts anti-cancer effect by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis. However, the phosphotyrosine signaling pathways mediated by genistein are largely unknown. In this study, we combined tyrosine phosphoprotein enrichment with MS-based quanti ...
... Genistein is a natural protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor that exerts anti-cancer effect by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis. However, the phosphotyrosine signaling pathways mediated by genistein are largely unknown. In this study, we combined tyrosine phosphoprotein enrichment with MS-based quanti ...
Tubulin folding is altered by mutations in a putative GTP binding motif
... 1992; Fontalba et al., 1993, 1995; Campo et al., 1994; Fig. 1). Soon after tubulin is synthesized it is bound to a TCP-1-containing chaperone particle (C900). Pulse-chase experiments have shown that, in the presence of nucleotides tubulin dimers and release factors, the disappearance of C900 complex ...
... 1992; Fontalba et al., 1993, 1995; Campo et al., 1994; Fig. 1). Soon after tubulin is synthesized it is bound to a TCP-1-containing chaperone particle (C900). Pulse-chase experiments have shown that, in the presence of nucleotides tubulin dimers and release factors, the disappearance of C900 complex ...
Molecular paleontology and complexity in the last eukaryotic
... kinesin and dynein motors (not shown for clarity). It possessed a complex and likely very flexible, metabolism and a fully functional mitochondrion. Endomembrane compartments would have been essentially indistinguishable from modern cells, and included the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, e ...
... kinesin and dynein motors (not shown for clarity). It possessed a complex and likely very flexible, metabolism and a fully functional mitochondrion. Endomembrane compartments would have been essentially indistinguishable from modern cells, and included the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, e ...
The Spatial Pattern of Cochlear Amplification
... Hudspeth, 2005). Another force-generating mechanism specific to the outer hair cell of mammals is somatic motility or electromotility: changes in membrane potential rapidly alter the cylindrical cell’s length (Brownell et al., 1985). This behavior is mediated by voltage-dependent conformational chan ...
... Hudspeth, 2005). Another force-generating mechanism specific to the outer hair cell of mammals is somatic motility or electromotility: changes in membrane potential rapidly alter the cylindrical cell’s length (Brownell et al., 1985). This behavior is mediated by voltage-dependent conformational chan ...
Stress-induced electrolyte leakage: the role of K+
... Electrolyte leakage accompanies plant response to stresses, such as salinity, pathogen attack, drought, heavy metals, hyperthermia, and hypothermia; however, the mechanism and physiological role of this phenomenon have only recently been clarified. Accumulating evidence shows that electrolyte leakag ...
... Electrolyte leakage accompanies plant response to stresses, such as salinity, pathogen attack, drought, heavy metals, hyperthermia, and hypothermia; however, the mechanism and physiological role of this phenomenon have only recently been clarified. Accumulating evidence shows that electrolyte leakag ...
spleen-facilitated vesiculation Hemoglobin loss
... half of the RBC life span.2 In accordance, RBC cohort studies using isotope-labeled glycine demonstrated a continuous presence of the label in hemoglobin degradation products with an increase during the second half of the RBC life span. Concomitantly, the label concentration in the RBC decreased,3,4 ...
... half of the RBC life span.2 In accordance, RBC cohort studies using isotope-labeled glycine demonstrated a continuous presence of the label in hemoglobin degradation products with an increase during the second half of the RBC life span. Concomitantly, the label concentration in the RBC decreased,3,4 ...
Glycan-independent Role of Calnexin in the Intracellular
... thesis of a longer altered protein (inherited peripheral mutation database IPNMDB, molgen-www.uia.ac.be/CMTMutations/). Other mutations are predicted to alter the splicing process and generate a nonfunctional protein. Overall, Gas3/ PMP22 point mutations responsible for hereditary neuropathy with li ...
... thesis of a longer altered protein (inherited peripheral mutation database IPNMDB, molgen-www.uia.ac.be/CMTMutations/). Other mutations are predicted to alter the splicing process and generate a nonfunctional protein. Overall, Gas3/ PMP22 point mutations responsible for hereditary neuropathy with li ...
making endothelial cells move – a study of angiomotin and
... ‘Genome instability & mutations’ and ‘Tumor-promoting inflammation’, in Figure 1, are not Hallmarks per se, but are events that drive tumor progression and facilitate acquisition of the Hallmarks. During the last decades, major research efforts have focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying ...
... ‘Genome instability & mutations’ and ‘Tumor-promoting inflammation’, in Figure 1, are not Hallmarks per se, but are events that drive tumor progression and facilitate acquisition of the Hallmarks. During the last decades, major research efforts have focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying ...
From filaments to function: The role of the plant actin cytoskeleton in
... trafficking, while actin-dependent, functions independently of microtubules. In a parallel study, Ribeiro et al. (2013) came to a similar conclusion, demonstrating that nucleoprotein trafficking is actin-dependent and microtubule-independent, while further showing that actin was not required for the a ...
... trafficking, while actin-dependent, functions independently of microtubules. In a parallel study, Ribeiro et al. (2013) came to a similar conclusion, demonstrating that nucleoprotein trafficking is actin-dependent and microtubule-independent, while further showing that actin was not required for the a ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.