Slide 1
... enzymes safely isolating them from the rest of the cytoplasm. -fuse to food vacuoles and digest the contents. -fuse to “captured” vacuoles and ...
... enzymes safely isolating them from the rest of the cytoplasm. -fuse to food vacuoles and digest the contents. -fuse to “captured” vacuoles and ...
Light Modulates the Biosynthesis and
... HL (Supplemental Fig. S3). The thylakoid membranes form regular multiple parallel layers surrounding the cytoplasm. The carboxysomes were observed as dark polyhedral particles (arrows) in the cytoplasm. Stronger light leads to the increase in carboxysome numbers in cells. Bar = 1 mm. C, Computationa ...
... HL (Supplemental Fig. S3). The thylakoid membranes form regular multiple parallel layers surrounding the cytoplasm. The carboxysomes were observed as dark polyhedral particles (arrows) in the cytoplasm. Stronger light leads to the increase in carboxysome numbers in cells. Bar = 1 mm. C, Computationa ...
Truncated Photosystem Chlorophyll Antenna Size in the Green
... even at light intensities corresponding to full sunlight at about 2,000 mmol photons m22 s21. For the purposes of this work, Pmax in the tla3 mutant was defined as the rate of oxygen evolution achieved at 2,000 mmol photons m22 s21 [Pmax = 210 mmol oxygen (mol Chl)21 s21]. The rate of photosynthesis ...
... even at light intensities corresponding to full sunlight at about 2,000 mmol photons m22 s21. For the purposes of this work, Pmax in the tla3 mutant was defined as the rate of oxygen evolution achieved at 2,000 mmol photons m22 s21 [Pmax = 210 mmol oxygen (mol Chl)21 s21]. The rate of photosynthesis ...
Functional interaction between a novel protein phosphatase 2A
... inhibitors of cell cycle progression. It is well documented that their growth-inhibitory activity can be abolished by phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues by cyclin dependent kinases. In contrast, very little is known about the dephosphorylation of retinoblastoma-family proteins. We repo ...
... inhibitors of cell cycle progression. It is well documented that their growth-inhibitory activity can be abolished by phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues by cyclin dependent kinases. In contrast, very little is known about the dephosphorylation of retinoblastoma-family proteins. We repo ...
Multiple Roles of the Cytoskeleton in Bacterial Autophagy
... interference with microtubules has a profound impact on autophagy. Listeria ActA can recruit LaXp180/CC1, a binding partner of the microtubule-sequestering protein stathmin [21]. An ActA-LaXp180-stathmin interaction could destabilize microtubules, prevent autophagosome trafficking, and facilitate ba ...
... interference with microtubules has a profound impact on autophagy. Listeria ActA can recruit LaXp180/CC1, a binding partner of the microtubule-sequestering protein stathmin [21]. An ActA-LaXp180-stathmin interaction could destabilize microtubules, prevent autophagosome trafficking, and facilitate ba ...
Quality control in the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication
... reside at origins for significant periods of time before the helicase is activated and DNA replication commences [37]. Activation of the helicase is a complex and still poorly characterized step that involves the reconfiguration of Mcm2-7 so that the double hexamer separates and the individual hexam ...
... reside at origins for significant periods of time before the helicase is activated and DNA replication commences [37]. Activation of the helicase is a complex and still poorly characterized step that involves the reconfiguration of Mcm2-7 so that the double hexamer separates and the individual hexam ...
reciprocal space
... •Reciprocal lattice vector with components h, k, l is orthogonal to plane (hkl), and its magnitude scales inversely with the distance between consecutive (hkl) planes. Wednesday, October 12, 11 ...
... •Reciprocal lattice vector with components h, k, l is orthogonal to plane (hkl), and its magnitude scales inversely with the distance between consecutive (hkl) planes. Wednesday, October 12, 11 ...
Histology-Based Screen for Zebrafish Mutants with Abnormal Cell
... sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic screening. F1 carriers that generated half-tetrad progeny with interesting phenotypes were then outcrossed for further study, including confirmation of Mendelian inheritance. m, mutant. Fig. 2. vos specifically affects the photore ...
... sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic screening. F1 carriers that generated half-tetrad progeny with interesting phenotypes were then outcrossed for further study, including confirmation of Mendelian inheritance. m, mutant. Fig. 2. vos specifically affects the photore ...
The essential role of anionic transport in plant cells
... (reviewed in Barbier-Brygoo et al., 2000; Roberts, 2006; de Angeli et al., 2007). The presence of the wall has hindered electrophysiological studies, which require free access to the plasma membrane. The use of cell protoplasts, obtained by either enzymatic digestion or laser microsurgery methods (e ...
... (reviewed in Barbier-Brygoo et al., 2000; Roberts, 2006; de Angeli et al., 2007). The presence of the wall has hindered electrophysiological studies, which require free access to the plasma membrane. The use of cell protoplasts, obtained by either enzymatic digestion or laser microsurgery methods (e ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... 3d and 4d also have strong diffuse expression. (D) IoDl expression: at the 2q stage, low level cytoplasmic staining is observed in all cells of the embryo. Abundant centrosomal localization is observed in the macromeres (2ABCD). (E) At the 3q stage, all cells of the embryo have a low level of cytopl ...
... 3d and 4d also have strong diffuse expression. (D) IoDl expression: at the 2q stage, low level cytoplasmic staining is observed in all cells of the embryo. Abundant centrosomal localization is observed in the macromeres (2ABCD). (E) At the 3q stage, all cells of the embryo have a low level of cytopl ...
Intracellular and extracellular in vivo recording of
... that it often became temporarily smaller, particularly during periods of high responseviness or when action potentials rode large depolarizations like the low threshold spike (see Results). All recordings were displayed on an oscilloscope and stored on an FM tape recorder for off-line analysis and p ...
... that it often became temporarily smaller, particularly during periods of high responseviness or when action potentials rode large depolarizations like the low threshold spike (see Results). All recordings were displayed on an oscilloscope and stored on an FM tape recorder for off-line analysis and p ...
Intracellular Redox Compartmentation and ROS
... little evidence that they can produce this compound. Although mitochondria are the site of the final step of ascorbate synthesis, the compound is produced in the intermembrane space, meaning that import into the matrix is required (Szarka et al., 2013). Several lines of evidence suggest that ascorbat ...
... little evidence that they can produce this compound. Although mitochondria are the site of the final step of ascorbate synthesis, the compound is produced in the intermembrane space, meaning that import into the matrix is required (Szarka et al., 2013). Several lines of evidence suggest that ascorbat ...
Full-Text PDF
... homodimerization through disulfide linkages formed by at least one of three cysteine residues [19,20]. Glycosylation contributes to the correct transport and folding of the protein [19]. Recently, partial X-ray crystallography structures of the extracellular domain of tetherin [21–24], have confirme ...
... homodimerization through disulfide linkages formed by at least one of three cysteine residues [19,20]. Glycosylation contributes to the correct transport and folding of the protein [19]. Recently, partial X-ray crystallography structures of the extracellular domain of tetherin [21–24], have confirme ...
Mutations affecting the cytoskeletal organization
... The injection of fluorescently labeled histones provides a means of following chromosome behavior (Minden et al., 1989). During interphase, the cortical actin becomes organized in a cap between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. At this stage, microtubule networks, which originate from a centrosom ...
... The injection of fluorescently labeled histones provides a means of following chromosome behavior (Minden et al., 1989). During interphase, the cortical actin becomes organized in a cap between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. At this stage, microtubule networks, which originate from a centrosom ...
The Golgi Apparatus
... 7. Sorting and transport of biomolecules to final cellular location. N.B. Step by step ordered biochemical events in Golgi apparatus ...
... 7. Sorting and transport of biomolecules to final cellular location. N.B. Step by step ordered biochemical events in Golgi apparatus ...
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... found intracellularly, usually in the nucleus. Many of these claims were based on data obtained with immunofluorescence or cell fractionation, approaches that can easily give misleading results, as discussed below. However, a number of studies where more sophisticated techniques were employed have p ...
... found intracellularly, usually in the nucleus. Many of these claims were based on data obtained with immunofluorescence or cell fractionation, approaches that can easily give misleading results, as discussed below. However, a number of studies where more sophisticated techniques were employed have p ...
Stem Cell - Active Motif
... are derived from a population of cells in the blastocyst of a pre-implantation embryo called the inner cell mass that can differentiate into any cell type derivative of the three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm). Adult stem cells can be found throughout the post-embryonic and adult orga ...
... are derived from a population of cells in the blastocyst of a pre-implantation embryo called the inner cell mass that can differentiate into any cell type derivative of the three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm). Adult stem cells can be found throughout the post-embryonic and adult orga ...
GLYCOLIPID ANCHORING OF CELL SURFACE PROTEINS Mark C
... inositol fatty acid is palmitate in all cases so far determined, which is in marked contrast to the heterogeneity displayed by the rest of the PI moiety (see Table 2). The functional significance of palmitoyl-inositol is not understood, but an important consideration is that the presence of this mod ...
... inositol fatty acid is palmitate in all cases so far determined, which is in marked contrast to the heterogeneity displayed by the rest of the PI moiety (see Table 2). The functional significance of palmitoyl-inositol is not understood, but an important consideration is that the presence of this mod ...
29.9 Tanaka
... be amenable to this approach as well. We anticipate that when used in conjunction with biochemical assays and suitable detection and monitoring techniques, these systems will allow us to directly probe the intracellular membrane leaflet and processes occurring at or near it. ...
... be amenable to this approach as well. We anticipate that when used in conjunction with biochemical assays and suitable detection and monitoring techniques, these systems will allow us to directly probe the intracellular membrane leaflet and processes occurring at or near it. ...
Coordination of peptidoglycan synthesis and outer membrane
... for viability. Several prominent classes of antibiotics (e.g., β-lactams and glycopeptides) inhibit PG synthesis, causing lysis and cell death (Schneider and Sahl, 2010). In Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane (OM), an asymmetric bilayer of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides, surrounds the ...
... for viability. Several prominent classes of antibiotics (e.g., β-lactams and glycopeptides) inhibit PG synthesis, causing lysis and cell death (Schneider and Sahl, 2010). In Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane (OM), an asymmetric bilayer of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides, surrounds the ...
REVIEWS
... has been found to partially colocalize with Tat and its cellular cofactor, P-TEFb, at nuclear speckles67. In addition, the nucleosome-binding protein HMG-17, which can alter the structure of chromatin and enhance transcription, has been localized in a similar pattern to FBI-1 (REF 68). Therefore, al ...
... has been found to partially colocalize with Tat and its cellular cofactor, P-TEFb, at nuclear speckles67. In addition, the nucleosome-binding protein HMG-17, which can alter the structure of chromatin and enhance transcription, has been localized in a similar pattern to FBI-1 (REF 68). Therefore, al ...
impression cytologic analysis of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis
... Extensive nuclear pyknosis Condensation of masses of chromatin The shrinkage of the nuclear envelope from its surrounding cytoplasm ...
... Extensive nuclear pyknosis Condensation of masses of chromatin The shrinkage of the nuclear envelope from its surrounding cytoplasm ...
Open Access - Scientific Research Publishing
... cell walls maintaining the tissue integrity. The growing plant cells have been assumed to be hyper-rectangles with a defined aspect ratio of the longest side to the shortest side. The well-described developmental pace of plant cells is usually proportional to the acquired cell aspect ratios. This is ...
... cell walls maintaining the tissue integrity. The growing plant cells have been assumed to be hyper-rectangles with a defined aspect ratio of the longest side to the shortest side. The well-described developmental pace of plant cells is usually proportional to the acquired cell aspect ratios. This is ...
The Distribution of Special Cytoplasmic Differentiations of the Egg
... is the carrier of the “blue-print information,” necessary for the establishment of the spatial structure of the future embryo (Raven, 1958), it follows that these cytoplasmic differentiations must, in some way or other, be related to the ultimate pattern of cellular differentiations of the embryo. A ...
... is the carrier of the “blue-print information,” necessary for the establishment of the spatial structure of the future embryo (Raven, 1958), it follows that these cytoplasmic differentiations must, in some way or other, be related to the ultimate pattern of cellular differentiations of the embryo. A ...
Disulfide formation in plant storage vacuoles permits assembly
... (Ricinus communis agglutinin II; RCA II) and its tetrameric relative Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA I, henceforth referred to as RCA). It is known that the glycosylated 7S lectins and non-glycosylated 2S albumins are co-translationally imported into the ER and transported as precursors via the G ...
... (Ricinus communis agglutinin II; RCA II) and its tetrameric relative Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA I, henceforth referred to as RCA). It is known that the glycosylated 7S lectins and non-glycosylated 2S albumins are co-translationally imported into the ER and transported as precursors via the G ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.