Mitochondrial protein import: from transport pathways to an
... Mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell, import most of their proteins from the cytosol. It was originally assumed that mitochondria imported precursor proteins via a general pathway but recent studies have revealed a remarkable variety of import pathways and mechanisms. Currently, five different ...
... Mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell, import most of their proteins from the cytosol. It was originally assumed that mitochondria imported precursor proteins via a general pathway but recent studies have revealed a remarkable variety of import pathways and mechanisms. Currently, five different ...
Subcellular Localization and Functional Analysis
... membrane-bound compartments are vital to the cell and are accomplished through complex and tightly regulated pathways. Trafficking pathways and their players have been extensively described in yeast and mammalian cells but are still poorly characterized in plants. The main effectors and regulators o ...
... membrane-bound compartments are vital to the cell and are accomplished through complex and tightly regulated pathways. Trafficking pathways and their players have been extensively described in yeast and mammalian cells but are still poorly characterized in plants. The main effectors and regulators o ...
T cell metabolism drives immunity
... modulation of gene expression and the acquisition of new functions.These changes range from increased production of cytokines and cytolytic molecules to the ability to undergo cell division and migration. Intimately integrated into this program of activation is the regulation of cellular metabolism. ...
... modulation of gene expression and the acquisition of new functions.These changes range from increased production of cytokines and cytolytic molecules to the ability to undergo cell division and migration. Intimately integrated into this program of activation is the regulation of cellular metabolism. ...
The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa
... ü Identify at least one significant difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella and cilia, cell walls, plasma membranes, and cytoplasm. ...
... ü Identify at least one significant difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella and cilia, cell walls, plasma membranes, and cytoplasm. ...
Identification of Pexl3p, a Peroxisomal Membrane Receptor for the
... were shown to be essential for peroxisome assembly (for review see Erdmann and Kunau, 1992; Lazarow, 1993). It remains to be determined whether some of these peroxins are structural components of the peroxisomal protein import machinery as well. We have previously purified a peroxisomai membrane fra ...
... were shown to be essential for peroxisome assembly (for review see Erdmann and Kunau, 1992; Lazarow, 1993). It remains to be determined whether some of these peroxins are structural components of the peroxisomal protein import machinery as well. We have previously purified a peroxisomai membrane fra ...
Plant grafting: Insights into tissue regeneration
... Box 2. A time course for graft formation. A representative time course based on tomato and Sedum grafting (Lindsay, Yeoman, & Brown, 1974; Moore & Walker, ...
... Box 2. A time course for graft formation. A representative time course based on tomato and Sedum grafting (Lindsay, Yeoman, & Brown, 1974; Moore & Walker, ...
Induction and Activation of Plant Secondary Metabolism by External
... breakdown of phosphatidylinositol in the plasma membrane of carrot cells takes place upon contact with elicitor molecules, resulting in the liberation of two types of second messengers, IP3 and diacyl glycerol. 2.4 Role of cyclic AMP as a second messenger In contrast to Ca2+, the role of cyclic AMP ...
... breakdown of phosphatidylinositol in the plasma membrane of carrot cells takes place upon contact with elicitor molecules, resulting in the liberation of two types of second messengers, IP3 and diacyl glycerol. 2.4 Role of cyclic AMP as a second messenger In contrast to Ca2+, the role of cyclic AMP ...
High Peak SAR Exposure Unit With Tight Exposure and
... and wire-patch systems [8]. Rectangular waveguides were employed in [17] for the DCS frequency band, and cylindrical waveguides were applied in [3] for personal communication services (PCS). Schönborn et al. [16] have qualitatively compared the performance of the TEM cell, RF chamber, RTL, wire-patc ...
... and wire-patch systems [8]. Rectangular waveguides were employed in [17] for the DCS frequency band, and cylindrical waveguides were applied in [3] for personal communication services (PCS). Schönborn et al. [16] have qualitatively compared the performance of the TEM cell, RF chamber, RTL, wire-patc ...
Ethylene - Carleton University
... The Discovery of Ethylene • The oldest identified growth regulator • Was used by the ancient Egyptians to cause fig ripening • The Chinese burned incense in closed rooms to cause pear ripening • Discovered in 1901 by Dimitry Neljubow • In 1910 H. H. Cousins showed that plants can produce their own ...
... The Discovery of Ethylene • The oldest identified growth regulator • Was used by the ancient Egyptians to cause fig ripening • The Chinese burned incense in closed rooms to cause pear ripening • Discovered in 1901 by Dimitry Neljubow • In 1910 H. H. Cousins showed that plants can produce their own ...
Lymphadenosis Benigna Cutis or Cutaneous Lymphoid Hyperplasia
... proliferation of neoplastic centrocytes and centroblasts.[13] Follicle compostion in follicular lymphoma is neoplastic, monomorphous and clonal, whereas in cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia it is benign, polymorphous and polyclonal.[14] Other IHC markers which can be applied to these cases can be CD19+ ...
... proliferation of neoplastic centrocytes and centroblasts.[13] Follicle compostion in follicular lymphoma is neoplastic, monomorphous and clonal, whereas in cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia it is benign, polymorphous and polyclonal.[14] Other IHC markers which can be applied to these cases can be CD19+ ...
Annexins: multifunctional components of growth and adaptation
... 1991; Balasubramanian et al., 2001). In plants, hydrophobic interactions are also involved in membrane binding. AnxCa32 attachment to membranes involves the hydrogen bonding of several amino acid residues to the phospholipid headgroup and glycerol backbone (Dabitz et al., 2005). Site-directed mutage ...
... 1991; Balasubramanian et al., 2001). In plants, hydrophobic interactions are also involved in membrane binding. AnxCa32 attachment to membranes involves the hydrogen bonding of several amino acid residues to the phospholipid headgroup and glycerol backbone (Dabitz et al., 2005). Site-directed mutage ...
BH3-only proteins: key regulators of neuronal apoptosis
... observation that the BimEL protein substantially increases in level in sympathetic neurons and CGNs deprived of survival factors.15,17 Several different Bim isoforms have been described. BimEL, BimL and BimS are the major variants (see Figure 1a), generated as a result of alternate splicing of bim t ...
... observation that the BimEL protein substantially increases in level in sympathetic neurons and CGNs deprived of survival factors.15,17 Several different Bim isoforms have been described. BimEL, BimL and BimS are the major variants (see Figure 1a), generated as a result of alternate splicing of bim t ...
Lecture Notes - Pitt Honors Human Physiology
... result, cardiac muscle cells have a tendency to contract very weakly. When blood fills a heart chamber, however, the cardiac muscle is stretched and brought closer to its optimal length. As a result, the tension of contraction increases. This principle is the fundamental basis for the Frank-Starling ...
... result, cardiac muscle cells have a tendency to contract very weakly. When blood fills a heart chamber, however, the cardiac muscle is stretched and brought closer to its optimal length. As a result, the tension of contraction increases. This principle is the fundamental basis for the Frank-Starling ...
In-vivo detection of binary PKA network interactions upon activation
... systems. We first analyzed the suitability of a simple but genetically well defined eukaryote, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Studies of dynamic PPIs using enzymatic biosensors are limited in these cells due to their thick cell wall and low expression levels of PPI reporters. We chose S ...
... systems. We first analyzed the suitability of a simple but genetically well defined eukaryote, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Studies of dynamic PPIs using enzymatic biosensors are limited in these cells due to their thick cell wall and low expression levels of PPI reporters. We chose S ...
Protein aggregation in bacteria: the thin boundary
... amorphous. This observation does not dismiss the fact that IBs might indeed have an amyloid structure, because even amyloids do not incorporate their entire polypeptide length into the highly packed b-sheet structure as seen in yeast prions (Morgan et al., 2008). The secondary structure content anal ...
... amorphous. This observation does not dismiss the fact that IBs might indeed have an amyloid structure, because even amyloids do not incorporate their entire polypeptide length into the highly packed b-sheet structure as seen in yeast prions (Morgan et al., 2008). The secondary structure content anal ...
Programmed Cell Death in Neurons
... the SCG are obtained from embryonic-day-21 rats and are maintained in culture in the presence of NGF for 5–7 days; the removal of NGF initiates PCD and causes the apoptotic death of all neurons 24 – 48 hr after NGF deprivation in culture (16). The advantage of this model is that its relatively homog ...
... the SCG are obtained from embryonic-day-21 rats and are maintained in culture in the presence of NGF for 5–7 days; the removal of NGF initiates PCD and causes the apoptotic death of all neurons 24 – 48 hr after NGF deprivation in culture (16). The advantage of this model is that its relatively homog ...
PDF
... The observations reported in this investigation were made on the indifferent gonad and newly formed ovarian tissue removed from larvae and mature ovarian material excised from adult females of Xenopus laevis. The premetamorphic animals were staged according to the scheme proposed by Nieuwkoop & Fabe ...
... The observations reported in this investigation were made on the indifferent gonad and newly formed ovarian tissue removed from larvae and mature ovarian material excised from adult females of Xenopus laevis. The premetamorphic animals were staged according to the scheme proposed by Nieuwkoop & Fabe ...
Pontin and Reptin regulate cell proliferation in early Xenopus
... Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex C.U. de Strasbourg, France. ...
... Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex C.U. de Strasbourg, France. ...
Changes in the Nuclear Envelope Environment Affect
... The Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear membrane is part of a complex nuclear envelope environment also containing chromatin, integral and peripheral membrane proteins, and large structures such as nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and the spindle pole body. To study how properties of the nuclear membrane ...
... The Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear membrane is part of a complex nuclear envelope environment also containing chromatin, integral and peripheral membrane proteins, and large structures such as nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and the spindle pole body. To study how properties of the nuclear membrane ...
Enhancement of photovoltaic performance of quasi-solid state dye sensitized solar cell
... performs particularly well when sensitized with Rose Bengal [22]. Being an organic dye, there are no concerns about environmental damage, as it does not contain any noble metal, such as ruthenium. RB dye has been successfully used by several groups for DSSCs structures. It has high extinction coeffi ...
... performs particularly well when sensitized with Rose Bengal [22]. Being an organic dye, there are no concerns about environmental damage, as it does not contain any noble metal, such as ruthenium. RB dye has been successfully used by several groups for DSSCs structures. It has high extinction coeffi ...
Plasma membrane of Beta vulgaris storage root shows high water
... reduced by medium acidification. Moreover, intravesicular acidification (corresponding to the cytoplasmic face of the membrane) shut down the aquaporins. De-phosphorylation was discounted as a regulatory mechanism in this preparation. On the other hand, among divalent cations, only calcium showed a cl ...
... reduced by medium acidification. Moreover, intravesicular acidification (corresponding to the cytoplasmic face of the membrane) shut down the aquaporins. De-phosphorylation was discounted as a regulatory mechanism in this preparation. On the other hand, among divalent cations, only calcium showed a cl ...
Specification of the C. elegans MS blastomere by the T
... significant maternal contribution of the MED genes exists, explaining this discrepancy (M.F.M., G.B.-M., I. Mengarelli and J. Rothman, unpublished). In addition to MED-1,2, we and others have further shown that Caudal/PAL-1 and the Wnt effector TCF/POP-1 also contribute to E specification (Maduro et ...
... significant maternal contribution of the MED genes exists, explaining this discrepancy (M.F.M., G.B.-M., I. Mengarelli and J. Rothman, unpublished). In addition to MED-1,2, we and others have further shown that Caudal/PAL-1 and the Wnt effector TCF/POP-1 also contribute to E specification (Maduro et ...
chapter 9 telomeres and telomerase in adult stem cells and
... of adult stem cells (SC) to regenerate and repair tissues, as well as that leads to cell loss via induction of cell senescence and apoptosis.16‑19 During development cells gradually lose their self‑renewal and differentiation capacities, however, differentiated somatic cells can be reverted to a mor ...
... of adult stem cells (SC) to regenerate and repair tissues, as well as that leads to cell loss via induction of cell senescence and apoptosis.16‑19 During development cells gradually lose their self‑renewal and differentiation capacities, however, differentiated somatic cells can be reverted to a mor ...
2010118-1045242010PJ..
... This comprehensive overview of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) family of genes and proteins in bryophytes, based on research using genomic resources that are newly available for the moss Physcomitrella patens, provides new insights into plant evolution. In angiosperms, the XTH ge ...
... This comprehensive overview of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) family of genes and proteins in bryophytes, based on research using genomic resources that are newly available for the moss Physcomitrella patens, provides new insights into plant evolution. In angiosperms, the XTH ge ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.