antoniadi_et_al._2015.
... is strongest in the procambium and quiescent center (QC), respectively (Kuroha et al., 2009), whereas root expression of CYP735A2 is predominantly in the vasculature (Kiba et al., 2013). Analysis of GUS patterns reveals that CKX4 is expressed in guard cells and root cap, CKX5 in axillary buds, and C ...
... is strongest in the procambium and quiescent center (QC), respectively (Kuroha et al., 2009), whereas root expression of CYP735A2 is predominantly in the vasculature (Kiba et al., 2013). Analysis of GUS patterns reveals that CKX4 is expressed in guard cells and root cap, CKX5 in axillary buds, and C ...
J., Schornack, S., Spallek, T., Geldner, N., Chory
... patterns (PAMPs) are triggers of these host subcellular changes in penetration resistance (Gus-Mayer et al., 1998; Xu et al., 1998). Successful pathogens overcome the first layer of cellular defence and develop specialized hyphae, referred to as haustoria, which are projected inside host cells (O’Co ...
... patterns (PAMPs) are triggers of these host subcellular changes in penetration resistance (Gus-Mayer et al., 1998; Xu et al., 1998). Successful pathogens overcome the first layer of cellular defence and develop specialized hyphae, referred to as haustoria, which are projected inside host cells (O’Co ...
Determination of the Structure and Composition of the ` Sulphur
... In general the observations of the granules obtained from the above cases of actinomycosis corresponded to those made by other workers (Conant et al. 1954). Attempts to section a granule in its entirety generally resulted in its partial destruction; either it shattered or was torn from the paraffin. ...
... In general the observations of the granules obtained from the above cases of actinomycosis corresponded to those made by other workers (Conant et al. 1954). Attempts to section a granule in its entirety generally resulted in its partial destruction; either it shattered or was torn from the paraffin. ...
Stage-Specific Histone Modification Profiles Reveal Global
... Our knowledge about the epigenetic changes, which accompany the determination of definitive somatic cell lineages in the mammalian embryo, are derived largely from in vitro differenti- ...
... Our knowledge about the epigenetic changes, which accompany the determination of definitive somatic cell lineages in the mammalian embryo, are derived largely from in vitro differenti- ...
Cardiolipin-Mediated Mitochondrial Dynamics and
... comparable steps of lipid bilayer remodeling, such as local disruption, bending, and bridging (Palmer et al., 2011). Thus, it is not surprising that dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) are at the core of both mitochondrial fusion and fission machines (Chan, 2012). In contrast to typical animal and yeast ...
... comparable steps of lipid bilayer remodeling, such as local disruption, bending, and bridging (Palmer et al., 2011). Thus, it is not surprising that dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) are at the core of both mitochondrial fusion and fission machines (Chan, 2012). In contrast to typical animal and yeast ...
Mechanosensitive Channels:
... This region seems to be the main business end of the MscS. Just like in MscL, this region is occupied by a lot of hydrophobic amino acids. The pore is almost totally hydrophobic with the exception of ARG 88 and GLN 112. Both groups present –NH3 groups to the pore surface, and it could be these posit ...
... This region seems to be the main business end of the MscS. Just like in MscL, this region is occupied by a lot of hydrophobic amino acids. The pore is almost totally hydrophobic with the exception of ARG 88 and GLN 112. Both groups present –NH3 groups to the pore surface, and it could be these posit ...
Living together in biofilms: the microbial cell factory and its
... lactic acid, and succinic acid) or during wastewater treatment or bioremediation. Thus far, the biofilms used to obtain industrial products are typically those of single species, which allows the controlled growth conditions needed to maximize the production of the desired compound [59–61]. In biofi ...
... lactic acid, and succinic acid) or during wastewater treatment or bioremediation. Thus far, the biofilms used to obtain industrial products are typically those of single species, which allows the controlled growth conditions needed to maximize the production of the desired compound [59–61]. In biofi ...
Antimicrobial Pseudo peptides with Synthesis of Novel Selective
... cells per 1 mL of 2×-concentrated medium for use as the inoculum.Peptide solution was added to the wells of a 96-well plate (100μL per well) and serially diluted 2-fold.The final concentration of peptide mixture ranged from 0.2 to 500 μg/mL. After inoculation (200 μL per well,5×103 cells per mL) th ...
... cells per 1 mL of 2×-concentrated medium for use as the inoculum.Peptide solution was added to the wells of a 96-well plate (100μL per well) and serially diluted 2-fold.The final concentration of peptide mixture ranged from 0.2 to 500 μg/mL. After inoculation (200 μL per well,5×103 cells per mL) th ...
Moss and liverwort xyloglucans contain galacturonic
... The moss Physcomitrella has become a model for studying many aspects of plant biology in part because of the ease with which it can be genetically modified (Schaefer and Zrÿd 2001; Huether et al. 2005; Quatrano et al. 2007). To evaluate the value of Physcomitrella as a model for cell wall studies, ...
... The moss Physcomitrella has become a model for studying many aspects of plant biology in part because of the ease with which it can be genetically modified (Schaefer and Zrÿd 2001; Huether et al. 2005; Quatrano et al. 2007). To evaluate the value of Physcomitrella as a model for cell wall studies, ...
appearance and function of endogenous peroxidase in fetal rat thyroid
... tain the dark cytochemical reaction product . A number of small vesicular inclusions lying along the peripheral borders of the cells also contain the reaction product (Fig . 7) . Although the origin of these inclusions cannot always be ascertained, many of them have been identified as cross-sectione ...
... tain the dark cytochemical reaction product . A number of small vesicular inclusions lying along the peripheral borders of the cells also contain the reaction product (Fig . 7) . Although the origin of these inclusions cannot always be ascertained, many of them have been identified as cross-sectione ...
Expression of collagenolytic/gelatinolytic metalloproteinases
... immunologically related to a gelatinasc synthesized by macrophages and ncutrophils which has been called both type IV and type V collagenasc. The second gelatinase species is related to a second enzyme, the product of a different gene, which has also been called type IV collagenasc. The elcctrophorc ...
... immunologically related to a gelatinasc synthesized by macrophages and ncutrophils which has been called both type IV and type V collagenasc. The second gelatinase species is related to a second enzyme, the product of a different gene, which has also been called type IV collagenasc. The elcctrophorc ...
Enzyme Activities Associated with Carbohydrate
... antinotransferase. This enzyme may be a point of control for chitin synthesis. The results in Fig. 2 ( d ) were obtained with concentrations of fructose-6-phosphate and glutamine giving maximum enzyme activity. Study of the relative enzyme activity shown by the ratio of the activity in the two forms ...
... antinotransferase. This enzyme may be a point of control for chitin synthesis. The results in Fig. 2 ( d ) were obtained with concentrations of fructose-6-phosphate and glutamine giving maximum enzyme activity. Study of the relative enzyme activity shown by the ratio of the activity in the two forms ...
1. Describe the steps of the scientific method. 2. Define the terms
... What are carbohydrates and what functions do they perform? What are proteins and what functions do they perform? What are lipids and what functions do they perform? What are nucleic acids and what functions do they perform? What is a plasma membrane? What is it composed of? What functions does it se ...
... What are carbohydrates and what functions do they perform? What are proteins and what functions do they perform? What are lipids and what functions do they perform? What are nucleic acids and what functions do they perform? What is a plasma membrane? What is it composed of? What functions does it se ...
Introduction to Biology Pacing Guide
... Compare and contrast atoms, ions, elements, molecules, and compounds in terms of the relationship of the bond types (e.g., ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds) to chemical activity and explain how this is relevant to biological activity. (DOK 2) ...
... Compare and contrast atoms, ions, elements, molecules, and compounds in terms of the relationship of the bond types (e.g., ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds) to chemical activity and explain how this is relevant to biological activity. (DOK 2) ...
Identification of Primary Lysosomes in Human
... vesicles similar to, but more extensive than those seen early in maturation. The cytoplasm ...
... vesicles similar to, but more extensive than those seen early in maturation. The cytoplasm ...
... CRP1 is a member of cysteine-rich protein family that has two LIM domains connected by a flexible linker region [23,24]. The LIM domain, named after three founding proteins lin-11, Isl-1, and mec-3, is comprised of two zinc fingers, which are tightly packed via hydrophobic interaction [25,26,27,28]. ...
Monomeric alpha-catenin links cadherin to the actin cytoskeleton
... affinity for F-actin only as a homodimer11,19 . The β-catenin binding site and homodimerization domain of αE-catenin overlap, suggesting that it cannot interact with β-catenin and F-actin simultaneously12,13,19,20 . These findings precipitated the view that αE-catenin may act allosterically by bindi ...
... affinity for F-actin only as a homodimer11,19 . The β-catenin binding site and homodimerization domain of αE-catenin overlap, suggesting that it cannot interact with β-catenin and F-actin simultaneously12,13,19,20 . These findings precipitated the view that αE-catenin may act allosterically by bindi ...
Biofilm formation by staphylococci and streptococci: structural
... pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellular bacterial communities embedded in a self-produced matrix of polysaccharides, protein ...
... pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellular bacterial communities embedded in a self-produced matrix of polysaccharides, protein ...
Biofilm formation by staphylococci and streptococci
... pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellular bacterial communities embedded in a self-produced matrix of polysaccharides, protein ...
... pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellular bacterial communities embedded in a self-produced matrix of polysaccharides, protein ...
cilia regeneration in tetrahymena and its inhibition
... The cilia of Tetrahymena were amputated by the use of a procedure in which the cells remained viable and regenerated cilia. Deciliated cells were nonmotile, and cilia regeneration was assessed by scoring the percentage of motile cells at intervals following deciliation. After a 30-min lag, the decil ...
... The cilia of Tetrahymena were amputated by the use of a procedure in which the cells remained viable and regenerated cilia. Deciliated cells were nonmotile, and cilia regeneration was assessed by scoring the percentage of motile cells at intervals following deciliation. After a 30-min lag, the decil ...
Lesson Overview - Diman Regional
... What are the components of the endocrine system? The endocrine system is made up of glands that release hormones into the blood. Hormones deliver messages throughout the body. ...
... What are the components of the endocrine system? The endocrine system is made up of glands that release hormones into the blood. Hormones deliver messages throughout the body. ...
Mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor
... Drosophila NK2/ventral nervous system defective (vnd) gene (Kim and Nirenberg, 1989; Price, 1993; Jimenez et al., 1995). Nkx2.2 was originally identified as a gene that is expressed in ventral regions of the developing vertebrate CNS (Price et al., 1992). In addition to Nkx2.2, five other family mem ...
... Drosophila NK2/ventral nervous system defective (vnd) gene (Kim and Nirenberg, 1989; Price, 1993; Jimenez et al., 1995). Nkx2.2 was originally identified as a gene that is expressed in ventral regions of the developing vertebrate CNS (Price et al., 1992). In addition to Nkx2.2, five other family mem ...
Orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana stomatal bHLH
... (see Tables S1 and S2 in the supplementary material). Despite strong similarity within these two domains, SPCH, MUTE and FAMA each contain unique features, allowing orthologs to be assigned unambiguously. FAMA and SPCH contain N-terminal acidic domains (with limited sequence similarity between them, ...
... (see Tables S1 and S2 in the supplementary material). Despite strong similarity within these two domains, SPCH, MUTE and FAMA each contain unique features, allowing orthologs to be assigned unambiguously. FAMA and SPCH contain N-terminal acidic domains (with limited sequence similarity between them, ...
Polar auxin transport and patterning
... examples of the beauty of nature. Around that time, anyone can pick them up and have a close look at the variety in venation patterns. For a considerable time, biologists and mathematicians went one step farther, trying to find regularities in these patterns and rules behind them. Vein organization ...
... examples of the beauty of nature. Around that time, anyone can pick them up and have a close look at the variety in venation patterns. For a considerable time, biologists and mathematicians went one step farther, trying to find regularities in these patterns and rules behind them. Vein organization ...
Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Microtubule
... Cell walls are a distinct feature of plants and their chemical constituents, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, are economically valuable. Plant fibres rich in cellulose, which mainly resides in their cell wall, are traditionally used in making paper and textiles. The changing global economic sit ...
... Cell walls are a distinct feature of plants and their chemical constituents, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, are economically valuable. Plant fibres rich in cellulose, which mainly resides in their cell wall, are traditionally used in making paper and textiles. The changing global economic sit ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.