- Wiley Online Library
... octamer of highly conserved core histones: H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. The binding of linker histone H1 to DNA entry/exit points of nucleosomes and linker DNA between two nucleosomes facilitates further compaction of chromatin into a higher-order structure. The accessibility and compaction of chromatin in ...
... octamer of highly conserved core histones: H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. The binding of linker histone H1 to DNA entry/exit points of nucleosomes and linker DNA between two nucleosomes facilitates further compaction of chromatin into a higher-order structure. The accessibility and compaction of chromatin in ...
Neutrophil trails guide influenza-specific CD8+ T cells in the airways
... the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune cells during the initial infection (1, 5–7) and little is known about how these innate immunederived chemotactic signals are present in the tissue microenvironment and how they act to recruit T c ...
... the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune cells during the initial infection (1, 5–7) and little is known about how these innate immunederived chemotactic signals are present in the tissue microenvironment and how they act to recruit T c ...
Plastid and Stromule Morphogenesis in Tomato
... plastid morphology as revealed by GFP ¯uorescence in fresh tissue since they are external to the plant and easily viewed in fresh epidermal peels. Two types of glandular trichome are present in the tomato epidermis (McCaskill and Croteau, 1999): pointed trichomes and those with a globular structure ...
... plastid morphology as revealed by GFP ¯uorescence in fresh tissue since they are external to the plant and easily viewed in fresh epidermal peels. Two types of glandular trichome are present in the tomato epidermis (McCaskill and Croteau, 1999): pointed trichomes and those with a globular structure ...
HL-1 Myocytes Exhibit PKC and K Channel-Dependent Delta Opioid Preconditioning
... damage by limiting infarct size and enhancing functional recovery in whole-heart models [8, 9]. In addition, isolated myocyte models indicate that opioids can enhance cell viability [10 –12] and function [13]. Although the end effectors of acute opioid preconditioning remain elusive, early events fo ...
... damage by limiting infarct size and enhancing functional recovery in whole-heart models [8, 9]. In addition, isolated myocyte models indicate that opioids can enhance cell viability [10 –12] and function [13]. Although the end effectors of acute opioid preconditioning remain elusive, early events fo ...
PDF
... Gentamycin and 10 % foetal bovine serum (GIBCO) were added, and the pH adjusted with one or two drops of 1 M-NaOH. This was made up freshly, and remained fluid during the course of dissection if maintained at 4°C. A thin layer of collagen was poured into a sterile Sykes-Moore chamber (Bellco Glass I ...
... Gentamycin and 10 % foetal bovine serum (GIBCO) were added, and the pH adjusted with one or two drops of 1 M-NaOH. This was made up freshly, and remained fluid during the course of dissection if maintained at 4°C. A thin layer of collagen was poured into a sterile Sykes-Moore chamber (Bellco Glass I ...
Cell death by autophagy: facts and apparent artefacts
... and metazoans, and involves the action of the canonical Atg genes as described above. The process of autophagic/ vacuolar cell death in plants resembles metazoan autophagy, and examples of autophagic/vacuolar cell deaths during plant development and under stress conditions are beginning to be reveal ...
... and metazoans, and involves the action of the canonical Atg genes as described above. The process of autophagic/ vacuolar cell death in plants resembles metazoan autophagy, and examples of autophagic/vacuolar cell deaths during plant development and under stress conditions are beginning to be reveal ...
Building and Breaking Bridges between Sister Chromatids
... tension, which is counteracted by cohesion between the sisters. No tension is generated if both sister kinetochores have been attached to microtubules from the same pole, known as syntelic attachment. (B) The cohesin cycle. Cohesin complexes are loaded onto chromosomes before the onset of DNA replic ...
... tension, which is counteracted by cohesion between the sisters. No tension is generated if both sister kinetochores have been attached to microtubules from the same pole, known as syntelic attachment. (B) The cohesin cycle. Cohesin complexes are loaded onto chromosomes before the onset of DNA replic ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... polarization and the orientation of the dipole moment in the molecules that interact with the laser light. The novelty of this work is (1) uncovering the unusual structure of S. erythropus leaves, including diverse chloroplasts, various cell types and micromophology, which are consistent with observ ...
... polarization and the orientation of the dipole moment in the molecules that interact with the laser light. The novelty of this work is (1) uncovering the unusual structure of S. erythropus leaves, including diverse chloroplasts, various cell types and micromophology, which are consistent with observ ...
Synthetic Physical Interactions Map Kinetochore
... especially effective for SAC activation. To systematically identify such associations we made use of SPI technology to create binary links between Mad2 and most other members of the proteome (Ólafsson and Thorpe 2015). In brief, ectopically expressed MAD2 is linked to the sequence encoding a GFP-bin ...
... especially effective for SAC activation. To systematically identify such associations we made use of SPI technology to create binary links between Mad2 and most other members of the proteome (Ólafsson and Thorpe 2015). In brief, ectopically expressed MAD2 is linked to the sequence encoding a GFP-bin ...
Title in Title Case and Bolded
... phosphate (Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)•5H2O, OCP, minor). Further annealing at 300℃, OCP disappeared and only HA was clearly identified on the HA/TiO2 coated specimens. Annealing above 500℃, composite coatings maintain HA crystal phase, didn’t occur phase transformation, as showed in Fig.1. The potentiodynamic ...
... phosphate (Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)•5H2O, OCP, minor). Further annealing at 300℃, OCP disappeared and only HA was clearly identified on the HA/TiO2 coated specimens. Annealing above 500℃, composite coatings maintain HA crystal phase, didn’t occur phase transformation, as showed in Fig.1. The potentiodynamic ...
Glycerolipid transfer for the building of membranes in plant cells.
... ten times faster than in membranes that do not contain proteins. This movement is sensitive to proteases [14] but it is unclear whether it involves a dedicated type of enzymes or the mere presence of proteins. Interestingly, peptides that mimic the α-helices of transmembrane proteins can stimulate p ...
... ten times faster than in membranes that do not contain proteins. This movement is sensitive to proteases [14] but it is unclear whether it involves a dedicated type of enzymes or the mere presence of proteins. Interestingly, peptides that mimic the α-helices of transmembrane proteins can stimulate p ...
Churchill, a Zinc Finger Transcriptional Activator, Regulates the
... bryos. At or before stage 8 (Figure 2A), staining is detected in the cytoplasm; however, the protein becomes strongly concentrated in the nucleus at stage 81⁄2 after midblastula transition (Figure 2B). Likewise, chick embryos electroporated with a tagged expression construct reveal nuclear localizat ...
... bryos. At or before stage 8 (Figure 2A), staining is detected in the cytoplasm; however, the protein becomes strongly concentrated in the nucleus at stage 81⁄2 after midblastula transition (Figure 2B). Likewise, chick embryos electroporated with a tagged expression construct reveal nuclear localizat ...
Extracellular O2 Probe
... 30°C) volume to each well. This increases assay sensitivity by minimizing interference from ambient oxygen. 3.2. Measurement 3.2.1. Insert the prepared plate into a fluorescence plate reader pre-set to 30°C. 3.2.2. Measure Extracellular O2 Probe signal at 1.5 min intervals for 30-200 min using excit ...
... 30°C) volume to each well. This increases assay sensitivity by minimizing interference from ambient oxygen. 3.2. Measurement 3.2.1. Insert the prepared plate into a fluorescence plate reader pre-set to 30°C. 3.2.2. Measure Extracellular O2 Probe signal at 1.5 min intervals for 30-200 min using excit ...
Insights into the Role of Specific Lipids in the
... yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells, enriched in ergosterol, have also been reported (Bagnat et al., 2000, 2001). Recent reports clearly indicate that microdomains enriched in sterols and sphingolipids also exist in the PM of plant cells (Peskan et al., 2000; Mongrand et al., 2004; Bhat and Panst ...
... yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells, enriched in ergosterol, have also been reported (Bagnat et al., 2000, 2001). Recent reports clearly indicate that microdomains enriched in sterols and sphingolipids also exist in the PM of plant cells (Peskan et al., 2000; Mongrand et al., 2004; Bhat and Panst ...
Control of cell pattern in the neural tube: regulation of cell
... from more ventral regions (Figures 4C and 4D). &l-l mRNA was restricted to the nervous system at this stage of development (data not shown). The restricted expression of dsl-1 mRNA in the spinal cord persisted after the onset of neuronal differentiation (Figures 4E-EF), and by E5, the latest stage e ...
... from more ventral regions (Figures 4C and 4D). &l-l mRNA was restricted to the nervous system at this stage of development (data not shown). The restricted expression of dsl-1 mRNA in the spinal cord persisted after the onset of neuronal differentiation (Figures 4E-EF), and by E5, the latest stage e ...
Protein sorting at the ER–Golgi interface
... resident membrane proteins (Jackson et al., 2012). However, the F-subcomplex may yet function in cargo binding: the β- and δ-subunits are important for sorting of Arg-based retrieval signals (Michelsen et al., 2007), and aromatic amino acids on the small cytoplasmic tails of the p24 family of protei ...
... resident membrane proteins (Jackson et al., 2012). However, the F-subcomplex may yet function in cargo binding: the β- and δ-subunits are important for sorting of Arg-based retrieval signals (Michelsen et al., 2007), and aromatic amino acids on the small cytoplasmic tails of the p24 family of protei ...
Western et al., 2001 - UBC Blogs
... coat at 7 DAP. The amyloplasts are larger (arrow) and are found in the center of the epidermal cells, surrounded by pale pink-staining mucilage. D, Wild-type seed coat at 10 DAP. In the epidermal cells, the pink stain is more intense and amyloplasts occupy a vertical column in the center of the cell ...
... coat at 7 DAP. The amyloplasts are larger (arrow) and are found in the center of the epidermal cells, surrounded by pale pink-staining mucilage. D, Wild-type seed coat at 10 DAP. In the epidermal cells, the pink stain is more intense and amyloplasts occupy a vertical column in the center of the cell ...
What Does the Microsporidian E. cuniculi Tell Us About the Origin of
... showed unexpected structural similarities to hexokinase and HSP 70 (Kabsch and Holmes 1995). These three proteins have a common nucleotide-binding motif, as they all bind ATP in the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. The ‘‘actin fold’’ was also found in the bacterial proteins FtsA and MreB (Kabs ...
... showed unexpected structural similarities to hexokinase and HSP 70 (Kabsch and Holmes 1995). These three proteins have a common nucleotide-binding motif, as they all bind ATP in the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. The ‘‘actin fold’’ was also found in the bacterial proteins FtsA and MreB (Kabs ...
Unprocessed Proinsulin Promotes Cell Survival During
... death in the neurulating chick embryo. Insulin prevents apoptotic cell death during chick embryonic development (8,18). To further characterize the tissues and cells dependent on prepancreatic insulin in vivo, we determined the spatial distribution of apoptotic cells in embryos. We blocked the insul ...
... death in the neurulating chick embryo. Insulin prevents apoptotic cell death during chick embryonic development (8,18). To further characterize the tissues and cells dependent on prepancreatic insulin in vivo, we determined the spatial distribution of apoptotic cells in embryos. We blocked the insul ...
Mapping the route from naive pluripotency to lineage specification
... mixed population of lineage progenitors cells along with pluripotent precursors [44]. EpiSCs can also be generated from ESCs by differentiation in the continuous presence of activin and Fgf2 [45]. However, stable EpiSC cultures are obtained only after passaging and the process is accompanied by hete ...
... mixed population of lineage progenitors cells along with pluripotent precursors [44]. EpiSCs can also be generated from ESCs by differentiation in the continuous presence of activin and Fgf2 [45]. However, stable EpiSC cultures are obtained only after passaging and the process is accompanied by hete ...
Melanocytes and melanogenesis - Our Dermatology Online journal
... actin-based melanosome transport. After actindependent melanosome transport, the second Rab27A effector Slp2-a promotes the anchoring of melanosomes to the plasma membrane of melanocytes through direct interaction of the C2A domain with phosphatidylserine. Melanosomes are attached to a framework of ...
... actin-based melanosome transport. After actindependent melanosome transport, the second Rab27A effector Slp2-a promotes the anchoring of melanosomes to the plasma membrane of melanocytes through direct interaction of the C2A domain with phosphatidylserine. Melanosomes are attached to a framework of ...
"Redundancy " & "Junk" for Codons
... along with its correct directions in terms of amount (expression) & longevity (dwell time)for the ribosome to make the protein possessing the correct structure/information-function [as] dictated by the “redundant” & “junk” codons/3rd letter. ...
... along with its correct directions in terms of amount (expression) & longevity (dwell time)for the ribosome to make the protein possessing the correct structure/information-function [as] dictated by the “redundant” & “junk” codons/3rd letter. ...
The caspase-cleaved DAP5 protein supports internal ribosome entry
... correlated with caspase-mediated activation of the dsRNAactivated protein kinase (PKR), which inhibits initiation of protein translation by phosphorylating eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)2␣ (6) as well as with the caspase-mediated inactivation of several translation initiation factors including e ...
... correlated with caspase-mediated activation of the dsRNAactivated protein kinase (PKR), which inhibits initiation of protein translation by phosphorylating eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)2␣ (6) as well as with the caspase-mediated inactivation of several translation initiation factors including e ...
Essential oils in food preservation
... Essential oils are aromatic and volatile liquids extracted from plants.The chemicals in essential oils are secondary metabolites, which play an important role in plant defense as they often possess antimicrobial properties. The interest in essential oils and their application in food preservation ha ...
... Essential oils are aromatic and volatile liquids extracted from plants.The chemicals in essential oils are secondary metabolites, which play an important role in plant defense as they often possess antimicrobial properties. The interest in essential oils and their application in food preservation ha ...
Xenopus ADAM13 and ADAM19 are Important for Proper
... 1.3: Schematic Diagram of an ADAM Family Member ......................................................... 16 2.1: ADAM19 expression........................................................................................................ 43 2.2: ADAM19 mRNA distribution ............................... ...
... 1.3: Schematic Diagram of an ADAM Family Member ......................................................... 16 2.1: ADAM19 expression........................................................................................................ 43 2.2: ADAM19 mRNA distribution ............................... ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.