physiological and chemical architecture of a lobster ganglion with
... of this assay have already been published (15). With large inhibitory cell bodies the sample could be divided, so that a control tube containing aminooxyacetic acid could be run to give tissue blank levels of fluorescence. Glutamate was determined by dividing the sample in half and treating one port ...
... of this assay have already been published (15). With large inhibitory cell bodies the sample could be divided, so that a control tube containing aminooxyacetic acid could be run to give tissue blank levels of fluorescence. Glutamate was determined by dividing the sample in half and treating one port ...
The role of cytoplasmic streaming in symplastic transport
... ‘tow’ phenomenon; and so also would be selective coupling of myosin to some particular type of macromolecule (or vesicle) and the subsequent translocation of the macromolecule along actin trackways. Obviously, when the towed entities are dragged through a fluid, convection will result. Obviously als ...
... ‘tow’ phenomenon; and so also would be selective coupling of myosin to some particular type of macromolecule (or vesicle) and the subsequent translocation of the macromolecule along actin trackways. Obviously, when the towed entities are dragged through a fluid, convection will result. Obviously als ...
PDF
... shape during which time the luminal surface of the neuroepithelial sheet is curved in the opposite direction from its eventual definitive form. From this point until approximately the 5-somite stage, the folds continue to elevate and gradually lose their convexity. Then, at the 5-somite stage, they ...
... shape during which time the luminal surface of the neuroepithelial sheet is curved in the opposite direction from its eventual definitive form. From this point until approximately the 5-somite stage, the folds continue to elevate and gradually lose their convexity. Then, at the 5-somite stage, they ...
Involvement of the Vacuoles of the Endodermis in
... the cortex, the endodermis, and the stele containing vascular tissues are arranged in a radially symmetrical manner progressing from the outside to the inside. The sgr1 (shoot gravitropism 1) and sgr7 mutants, whose inflorescence stems and hypocotyls both lack gravitropic ability, also lack the norm ...
... the cortex, the endodermis, and the stele containing vascular tissues are arranged in a radially symmetrical manner progressing from the outside to the inside. The sgr1 (shoot gravitropism 1) and sgr7 mutants, whose inflorescence stems and hypocotyls both lack gravitropic ability, also lack the norm ...
Osmo-Sensitive and Stretch-Activated Calcium
... cells could sense the osmotic change-induced cell turgor changes or membrane stretch and further transduce osmotic signals (MacRobbie, 1995). It is also suggested that the ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways might work together to regulate guard cell turgor under osmotic stress conditions (Li ...
... cells could sense the osmotic change-induced cell turgor changes or membrane stretch and further transduce osmotic signals (MacRobbie, 1995). It is also suggested that the ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways might work together to regulate guard cell turgor under osmotic stress conditions (Li ...
A cellular backline: specialization of host membranes for defence
... and location of callose synthesis in response to pathogen penetration. Another scenario which has implicated membrane composition in callose deposition is the production of lipase by the pathogen Fusarium graminarum. Production of the lipase reduces callose deposition during pathogen infection of sp ...
... and location of callose synthesis in response to pathogen penetration. Another scenario which has implicated membrane composition in callose deposition is the production of lipase by the pathogen Fusarium graminarum. Production of the lipase reduces callose deposition during pathogen infection of sp ...
Nervous Tissue Review Slides
... Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells of the CNS that have long processes. Many of these processes extend to blood vessels where they expand and cover much of the external wall. The expanded endings of the astrocyte processes are known as end-feet. While the blood-brain-barrier is formed by tight j ...
... Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells of the CNS that have long processes. Many of these processes extend to blood vessels where they expand and cover much of the external wall. The expanded endings of the astrocyte processes are known as end-feet. While the blood-brain-barrier is formed by tight j ...
Chapter 20: Protists
... • Protist- any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote. • Protists are eukaryotes, and most are unicellular. • The first eukaryotic organisms on Earth were protists (1.5 billion years ago). ...
... • Protist- any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote. • Protists are eukaryotes, and most are unicellular. • The first eukaryotic organisms on Earth were protists (1.5 billion years ago). ...
B. Sc. (Hons) Biotechnology - Agricultural University Peshawar
... Cell and Molecular Biology, Karp, 3rd Edition. 2002. John Wiley and Sons. Molecular Biology of the Cell, B. Alberts. D. Bray, J. Lewis. M. Raff, K. Roberts and J.D. Watson, Third Edition(1994), Garland Publishers. ...
... Cell and Molecular Biology, Karp, 3rd Edition. 2002. John Wiley and Sons. Molecular Biology of the Cell, B. Alberts. D. Bray, J. Lewis. M. Raff, K. Roberts and J.D. Watson, Third Edition(1994), Garland Publishers. ...
Smooth
... and irregularly packed together, most often so that the narrower portion of one fiber lies against the wider portion of its neighbor. These fibers have connections, the plasma membranes of two neighboring fibers form gap junctions that act as low resistance pathway for the rapid spread of electrical ...
... and irregularly packed together, most often so that the narrower portion of one fiber lies against the wider portion of its neighbor. These fibers have connections, the plasma membranes of two neighboring fibers form gap junctions that act as low resistance pathway for the rapid spread of electrical ...
Origin and shaping of the laterality organ in zebrafish - MPI
... were attached to overlying dorsal marginal EVL cells via ZO-1rich subcellular structures at 80% epiboly (Fig. 2C,C⬘). After reaching the vegetal pole during the final phase of epiboly, the cluster became separated from the overlying dorsal marginal EVL cells, most likely owing to dorsal marginal dee ...
... were attached to overlying dorsal marginal EVL cells via ZO-1rich subcellular structures at 80% epiboly (Fig. 2C,C⬘). After reaching the vegetal pole during the final phase of epiboly, the cluster became separated from the overlying dorsal marginal EVL cells, most likely owing to dorsal marginal dee ...
Cell Energy and Cell Division Study Guide The test will consist of a
... 45. Organisms that harvest energy from either sunlight or chemicals in order to make food molecules are called ____________________. 46. Following replication of its DNA, each chromosome contains two ____________________, which are attached to each other by a centromere. 47. The sequence of events t ...
... 45. Organisms that harvest energy from either sunlight or chemicals in order to make food molecules are called ____________________. 46. Following replication of its DNA, each chromosome contains two ____________________, which are attached to each other by a centromere. 47. The sequence of events t ...
Role of bilateral zones of ingressing superficial cells
... two lateral endodermal crests, to which it is firmly attached, closer together. Marks placed on the notochord, near its junction with the lateral endodermal crest, are not covered by migrating edges of endoderm (Vogt, 1929), but remain visible on the surface of the archenteron roof until the notocho ...
... two lateral endodermal crests, to which it is firmly attached, closer together. Marks placed on the notochord, near its junction with the lateral endodermal crest, are not covered by migrating edges of endoderm (Vogt, 1929), but remain visible on the surface of the archenteron roof until the notocho ...
OsPRP3, a flower specific proline-rich protein of rice, determines
... 1991), and with fruit development (Santino et al. 1997). A potato gene, StGCPRP, was expressed in a highly differentiated cell type such as guard cells (Menke et al. 2000) and AtPRP3 in Arabidopsis was detected exclusively in root (Fowler et al. 1999). Expression of PRPs is also influenced by factor ...
... 1991), and with fruit development (Santino et al. 1997). A potato gene, StGCPRP, was expressed in a highly differentiated cell type such as guard cells (Menke et al. 2000) and AtPRP3 in Arabidopsis was detected exclusively in root (Fowler et al. 1999). Expression of PRPs is also influenced by factor ...
Infection of cells by Sindbis virus at low
... the endocytic pathway measure the lack of products of late events such as RNA or protein synthesis to determine that penetration has not taken place. These are events which occur several steps after penetration is completed and raise the possibility that the defect in virus production may occur afte ...
... the endocytic pathway measure the lack of products of late events such as RNA or protein synthesis to determine that penetration has not taken place. These are events which occur several steps after penetration is completed and raise the possibility that the defect in virus production may occur afte ...
as a PDF
... which are plant pathogens are often highly specialized and are pathogenic on only one or a few species of plants. Most "host—specific" pathogen species have a number of races, each of which is distinct from the others in its ability to attack various varieties (cultivars) of its host plant species. ...
... which are plant pathogens are often highly specialized and are pathogenic on only one or a few species of plants. Most "host—specific" pathogen species have a number of races, each of which is distinct from the others in its ability to attack various varieties (cultivars) of its host plant species. ...
Adherens Junctions, Desmosomes and Tight
... within the cross-linked cornified envelope. Nevertheless, these corneodesmosomes (Fig. 2) remain functional and their ordinate digestion will eventually permit dissociation of the horny layer and desquamation of superficial corneocytes [19, ...
... within the cross-linked cornified envelope. Nevertheless, these corneodesmosomes (Fig. 2) remain functional and their ordinate digestion will eventually permit dissociation of the horny layer and desquamation of superficial corneocytes [19, ...
the role of csf1 and zfpm1 in the preimplantation mouse
... During the preimplantation mouse development three distinctive cell lineages are set aside, that will ultimately give rise to the supporting extraembryonic tissue layers of the placenta and yolk sac as well as the embryo proper. This prompts the fundamental question how the different cell lineages c ...
... During the preimplantation mouse development three distinctive cell lineages are set aside, that will ultimately give rise to the supporting extraembryonic tissue layers of the placenta and yolk sac as well as the embryo proper. This prompts the fundamental question how the different cell lineages c ...
Synbiotic Supplement Midyear Presentation
... Prevents the growth of harmful bacteria Maintains healthy balance for homeostasis ...
... Prevents the growth of harmful bacteria Maintains healthy balance for homeostasis ...
B.Sc. I year - Maulana Azad College
... Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Maulana Azad College of Arts Science and Commerce (Department of Botany) Semester I Paper I (Diversity of Cryptogams) MCQ’s Unit-2 ALGAE 1. The stonewort’s belong to_________________ a) Oedogonials b) Vovocales c) Charales* d) Bryophytes 2. The vegetative reproduction in C ...
... Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Maulana Azad College of Arts Science and Commerce (Department of Botany) Semester I Paper I (Diversity of Cryptogams) MCQ’s Unit-2 ALGAE 1. The stonewort’s belong to_________________ a) Oedogonials b) Vovocales c) Charales* d) Bryophytes 2. The vegetative reproduction in C ...
Cell Structure Tumor Microenvironment
... • Cellular protein quality control by extracting and degrading unfolded proteins (known as a ER-associated protein degradation-ERAD) • Lipid and sterol biosynthesis • Storage of calcium ions in the ER lumen and their regulated release into the cytosol (calcium homeostasis) • Detoxification of drugs ...
... • Cellular protein quality control by extracting and degrading unfolded proteins (known as a ER-associated protein degradation-ERAD) • Lipid and sterol biosynthesis • Storage of calcium ions in the ER lumen and their regulated release into the cytosol (calcium homeostasis) • Detoxification of drugs ...
Mast cells and dendritic cells form synapses that facilitate antigen
... three types of MCs: bone marrow–derived MC (BMMC), peritoneal-derived MC (PMC), and the MC/9 cell line (Fig. S2). It is interesting to note that although the MC/9 cell line did not respond to cross-linking with the typical release of granular contents (no measureable β-hexosaminidase release; unpubl ...
... three types of MCs: bone marrow–derived MC (BMMC), peritoneal-derived MC (PMC), and the MC/9 cell line (Fig. S2). It is interesting to note that although the MC/9 cell line did not respond to cross-linking with the typical release of granular contents (no measureable β-hexosaminidase release; unpubl ...
Submembraneous microtubule cytoskeleton: biochemical and
... the plus-end-exposed b-tubulin, TRPV1 apparently stabilizes microtubules reaching the plasma membrane and thereby increases the number of pioneering microtubules within the actin cortex (Fig. 4). But stabilization induces even stronger changes. The overall cellular morphology is altered dramatically ...
... the plus-end-exposed b-tubulin, TRPV1 apparently stabilizes microtubules reaching the plasma membrane and thereby increases the number of pioneering microtubules within the actin cortex (Fig. 4). But stabilization induces even stronger changes. The overall cellular morphology is altered dramatically ...
A cell wall reference profile for Miscanthus bioenergy crops
... walls that are distinct from those found in other plant taxa. In addition to lignin, these cell walls contain high percentages of cellulose (microfibrillar 1?4-b-glucan), low percentages of xyloglucan (XG; 1?4-b-glucan substituted by xylosyl residues), mixedlinkage 1?3, 1?4-b-glucan (MLG), and a hig ...
... walls that are distinct from those found in other plant taxa. In addition to lignin, these cell walls contain high percentages of cellulose (microfibrillar 1?4-b-glucan), low percentages of xyloglucan (XG; 1?4-b-glucan substituted by xylosyl residues), mixedlinkage 1?3, 1?4-b-glucan (MLG), and a hig ...
With or Without them: Essential Roles of Cofactors in ES Cells
... A complex transcriptional network consisting of Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog maintains ESCs in undifferentiated state while being poised to be directed into different committed cell types. Recently, tremendous efforts have been made to elucidate the functions of cofactors in ESC identity and differentiation ...
... A complex transcriptional network consisting of Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog maintains ESCs in undifferentiated state while being poised to be directed into different committed cell types. Recently, tremendous efforts have been made to elucidate the functions of cofactors in ESC identity and differentiation ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.