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... (sharing 90% amino acid similarity in their bHLH domains and 40% similarity overall), SPEECHLESS (SPCH), MUTE and FAMA, are successively required for the transitions between the major cell types in the stomatal lineage (Fig. 1) (MacAlister et al., 2007; Pillitteri et al., 2007; Ohashi-Ito and Bergma ...
... (sharing 90% amino acid similarity in their bHLH domains and 40% similarity overall), SPEECHLESS (SPCH), MUTE and FAMA, are successively required for the transitions between the major cell types in the stomatal lineage (Fig. 1) (MacAlister et al., 2007; Pillitteri et al., 2007; Ohashi-Ito and Bergma ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens- mediated Transformation of Plant Cells
... agrobacteria. In addition, chromosomally encoded virulence genes (chv for chromosomal virulence) participate in the DNA transfer processes. However, only strains of A. tumefaciens that have a Ti plasmid are capable of transforming a plant cell and causing a crown gall tumour. The T-DNA of the Ti pla ...
... agrobacteria. In addition, chromosomally encoded virulence genes (chv for chromosomal virulence) participate in the DNA transfer processes. However, only strains of A. tumefaciens that have a Ti plasmid are capable of transforming a plant cell and causing a crown gall tumour. The T-DNA of the Ti pla ...
Mitosis and Polyploid Cell Formation
... for 9 h to arrest the cells at the G1-S boundary. Then the cells were washed once with PBS and nocodazole-arrested cells in Fig. 1 was —70%prior to release. Flow cytometric analysis showed that over 70% of the control cells had transferred to normal growth medium for 18 h with nocodazole (50 ng/ml ...
... for 9 h to arrest the cells at the G1-S boundary. Then the cells were washed once with PBS and nocodazole-arrested cells in Fig. 1 was —70%prior to release. Flow cytometric analysis showed that over 70% of the control cells had transferred to normal growth medium for 18 h with nocodazole (50 ng/ml ...
Herceptin Resistance Database for Understanding
... as ‘Protein kinase superfamily’. This selection will display the present mutation in 632 genes (as mentioned in method) of BT474 cell line. Summary of cell line. This module gives details of genomic information of a cell line in its entirety. It includes a column for overexpressed genes, having ‘exp ...
... as ‘Protein kinase superfamily’. This selection will display the present mutation in 632 genes (as mentioned in method) of BT474 cell line. Summary of cell line. This module gives details of genomic information of a cell line in its entirety. It includes a column for overexpressed genes, having ‘exp ...
Brachmann et al., 2005 Mol Cell Biol. 25, 2593
... Heterotrimeric and low molecular weight GTP binding proteins have been retained and expanded during evolution because they have unstable activated states and can spontaneously return to inactive states. Inactivation can also be accelerated by GAPs. ...
... Heterotrimeric and low molecular weight GTP binding proteins have been retained and expanded during evolution because they have unstable activated states and can spontaneously return to inactive states. Inactivation can also be accelerated by GAPs. ...
DCE
... • Applications identify resources by name, without needing to know where the resources are located • DCE cells can also participate in a worldwide directory service using the DCE Global Directory (GDS), which is based on the X.500 standard, or the Internet-system Domain Name Service (DNS) ...
... • Applications identify resources by name, without needing to know where the resources are located • DCE cells can also participate in a worldwide directory service using the DCE Global Directory (GDS), which is based on the X.500 standard, or the Internet-system Domain Name Service (DNS) ...
Next-generation proteomics: towards an integrative view of
... dimethyl labelling 32, which allows highly efficient and precise quantification of all sample types, from primary cells to tissues33,34. Quantification at the MS/MS level can be multiplexed (up to octoplex), thus permitting the analysis of multiple perturbations in parallel35. However, a current unr ...
... dimethyl labelling 32, which allows highly efficient and precise quantification of all sample types, from primary cells to tissues33,34. Quantification at the MS/MS level can be multiplexed (up to octoplex), thus permitting the analysis of multiple perturbations in parallel35. However, a current unr ...
REPRODUCTION AND CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION
... be one individual, and the two daughter cells are two new separate organisms. Asexual reproduction is how bacterial cells proliferate. In addition, certain unicellular eukaryotes, such as the amoeba and baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), can reproduce asexually. A second important reason for ...
... be one individual, and the two daughter cells are two new separate organisms. Asexual reproduction is how bacterial cells proliferate. In addition, certain unicellular eukaryotes, such as the amoeba and baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), can reproduce asexually. A second important reason for ...
I SEMESTER CYTOLOGY AND GENETICS
... CYTOLOGY AND GENETICS- BTY-131 Total hours -60 Paper objective In this paper the students are made to learn the structures and purposes of basic components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Students get an idea about how these cellular components perceive the environmental signal and respond to t ...
... CYTOLOGY AND GENETICS- BTY-131 Total hours -60 Paper objective In this paper the students are made to learn the structures and purposes of basic components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Students get an idea about how these cellular components perceive the environmental signal and respond to t ...
brief notes - BioMedSearch
... internal ionic composition by selectively binding and unbinding cations, what we may be seeing here is that system overloaded by the presence of large numbers of gold ions . As more and more mitochondria are disrupted, the cell's energy supply is compromised and structural disintegration begins to o ...
... internal ionic composition by selectively binding and unbinding cations, what we may be seeing here is that system overloaded by the presence of large numbers of gold ions . As more and more mitochondria are disrupted, the cell's energy supply is compromised and structural disintegration begins to o ...
2, 3, and 4-Electrode Experiments
... Cell. W/WS at A, C/CS at E. Note that this is not an accurate potential map within the Helmholtz layers. B and D represent closest measurable approaches. ZRA mode would redraw Figure 3 as Figure 6 above. Now the potential at A would equal the potential at E. The reference could be at position B, C, ...
... Cell. W/WS at A, C/CS at E. Note that this is not an accurate potential map within the Helmholtz layers. B and D represent closest measurable approaches. ZRA mode would redraw Figure 3 as Figure 6 above. Now the potential at A would equal the potential at E. The reference could be at position B, C, ...
Slow axonal transport and the genesis of neuronal morphology
... edge of the axonal growth cone. The other type of axonal transport, termed “slow axonal transport,” has been more perplexing to understand, and therefore has received less attention over the years. Slow transport is the movement of the proteins that comprise the cytoskeleton itself, which also must ...
... edge of the axonal growth cone. The other type of axonal transport, termed “slow axonal transport,” has been more perplexing to understand, and therefore has received less attention over the years. Slow transport is the movement of the proteins that comprise the cytoskeleton itself, which also must ...
Document
... an analogy in translocation mechanisms as well, there are few facts that support a parallelism with the eucaryotic SRPdep~ndent mechanism as originally proposed. First, transport in bacteria can occur post-translationally in vitro (20) and in vivo (9, 21, 22), even for proteins that are translocated ...
... an analogy in translocation mechanisms as well, there are few facts that support a parallelism with the eucaryotic SRPdep~ndent mechanism as originally proposed. First, transport in bacteria can occur post-translationally in vitro (20) and in vivo (9, 21, 22), even for proteins that are translocated ...
reviews
... requirements for rapid extrauterine (such as frog and fish), intrauterine (mouse) or in ovo (chicken) development. Despite initial gross architectural differences of early embryos, the basic signalling pathways that control cell lineage allocation and axis patterning, such as the Wnt, transforming g ...
... requirements for rapid extrauterine (such as frog and fish), intrauterine (mouse) or in ovo (chicken) development. Despite initial gross architectural differences of early embryos, the basic signalling pathways that control cell lineage allocation and axis patterning, such as the Wnt, transforming g ...
PDF
... presumably owing to satellite cells lacking proliferative potential (mdx mice lack functional dystrophin and are thus an animal model of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy). It is striking, however, that although Myf5 and MyoD can each compensate for the loss of the other during embryogenesis, they c ...
... presumably owing to satellite cells lacking proliferative potential (mdx mice lack functional dystrophin and are thus an animal model of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy). It is striking, however, that although Myf5 and MyoD can each compensate for the loss of the other during embryogenesis, they c ...
Protein Degradation, Volume 1 ch01_p 1..9
... ered was that proteins may be modified by some energy-dependent reaction prior to their degradation, and that such modification renders them susceptible to the action of some proteolytic enzyme [11]. To examine the existence of such (or any other) mechanism, a cell-free system was required, which fait ...
... ered was that proteins may be modified by some energy-dependent reaction prior to their degradation, and that such modification renders them susceptible to the action of some proteolytic enzyme [11]. To examine the existence of such (or any other) mechanism, a cell-free system was required, which fait ...
When Checkpoints Fail
... (Siede et al., 1994; Paulovich and Hartwell, 1995; Paulovich et al., 1997), or mammalian cells (Painter and Young, 1980; Larner et al., 1994) decrease the rate of ongoing DNA synthesis in response to DNA damage; this inhibition may reflect control at the level of origin initiation and/or at the leve ...
... (Siede et al., 1994; Paulovich and Hartwell, 1995; Paulovich et al., 1997), or mammalian cells (Painter and Young, 1980; Larner et al., 1994) decrease the rate of ongoing DNA synthesis in response to DNA damage; this inhibition may reflect control at the level of origin initiation and/or at the leve ...
chapter 1 slides - Mrs. Brenner`s Biology
... Composed of tissues functioning together for a specific task ...
... Composed of tissues functioning together for a specific task ...
Daniel Mueller , Anika Koetemann , Valery Shevchenko , Christophe
... CYP1A induction capacity was significantly improved by organotypic cultivation. The acute toxicity (24 h) of tamoxifen, an anti-cancer drug, was lower in the 3D cultures as compared to monolayer and collagen-sandwich cultures, which could be explained by a higher drug efflux through membrane transpo ...
... CYP1A induction capacity was significantly improved by organotypic cultivation. The acute toxicity (24 h) of tamoxifen, an anti-cancer drug, was lower in the 3D cultures as compared to monolayer and collagen-sandwich cultures, which could be explained by a higher drug efflux through membrane transpo ...
review - Saudi Medical Journal
... viral gene LMP-1 is expressed during latency, which then upregulates Bcl-2 expression, which creates a beneficial survival environment to latency infected cells (46). Furthermore, apoptosis-sensitive B cell lines can be made resistant to cell death by transfection of LMP-1 (47). Apoptosis can someti ...
... viral gene LMP-1 is expressed during latency, which then upregulates Bcl-2 expression, which creates a beneficial survival environment to latency infected cells (46). Furthermore, apoptosis-sensitive B cell lines can be made resistant to cell death by transfection of LMP-1 (47). Apoptosis can someti ...
The Effect of Ethylenediaminetetra-acetic Acid on the Cell Walls of
... Identi3cation of amino sugars. Hydrolysates of cell walls were prepared as for the identification of amino acids and were examined by two-dimensional paper chromatography with solvents pyridine +water (4 + 1, by vol.) followed by n-butanol + acetic acid+water ( 6 + 1 + 2 , by vol.; Salton & Pavlik, ...
... Identi3cation of amino sugars. Hydrolysates of cell walls were prepared as for the identification of amino acids and were examined by two-dimensional paper chromatography with solvents pyridine +water (4 + 1, by vol.) followed by n-butanol + acetic acid+water ( 6 + 1 + 2 , by vol.; Salton & Pavlik, ...
Carbohydrates - Overview
... where bacteria, which do contain α-galactosidase, ferment Figure 9. the compounds to produce methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen gases. The product BeanoTM is a commercial preparation of α-galactosidase that can be taken as a pill to aid in digestion of these oligosaccharides resulting in the relea ...
... where bacteria, which do contain α-galactosidase, ferment Figure 9. the compounds to produce methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen gases. The product BeanoTM is a commercial preparation of α-galactosidase that can be taken as a pill to aid in digestion of these oligosaccharides resulting in the relea ...
A Model for Cell Proliferation in a Developing Organism
... Proliferation. A cell is selected uniformly at random. If the cell at site i is selected, it moves to site i + 1 pushing all cells to the right of it up by one. A new unmarked cell now occupies site i. Times between proliferation events are iid exp(λ). Equivalently. You can think of independent homo ...
... Proliferation. A cell is selected uniformly at random. If the cell at site i is selected, it moves to site i + 1 pushing all cells to the right of it up by one. A new unmarked cell now occupies site i. Times between proliferation events are iid exp(λ). Equivalently. You can think of independent homo ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.