The maternal muscle determinant in the ascidian egg
... Figure 4. There are two types of muscle cells in the larval tail: primary muscle (28 out of the total of 42 muscle cells) in the anterior and middle regions of the tail, and secondary muscle (14 cells in Halocynthia and 8 cells in Ciona) in the posterior region.23 The primary muscle cells are derive ...
... Figure 4. There are two types of muscle cells in the larval tail: primary muscle (28 out of the total of 42 muscle cells) in the anterior and middle regions of the tail, and secondary muscle (14 cells in Halocynthia and 8 cells in Ciona) in the posterior region.23 The primary muscle cells are derive ...
IN VITRO L. MADRASPATENSIS
... methanol extract of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis possess good cytotoxic potentials at higher concentration (93.62% of inhibition observed in 1000 µg/ml). The activity might be due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as flavone and phyllanthin present in the plant extract. Flavanoids are kno ...
... methanol extract of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis possess good cytotoxic potentials at higher concentration (93.62% of inhibition observed in 1000 µg/ml). The activity might be due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as flavone and phyllanthin present in the plant extract. Flavanoids are kno ...
The Neuromuscular Junction
... • The action potential causes the release of calcium ions from the terminal cisternae into the cytosol. Page 13. Contraction of the Muscle Cell • Calcium ions trigger a contraction of the muscle cell. Page 14. Neuromuscular Animation • The sequence of events in the neuromuscular animation are given. ...
... • The action potential causes the release of calcium ions from the terminal cisternae into the cytosol. Page 13. Contraction of the Muscle Cell • Calcium ions trigger a contraction of the muscle cell. Page 14. Neuromuscular Animation • The sequence of events in the neuromuscular animation are given. ...
the Sec7 family of guanine-nucleotide- exchange factors
... inactive, abortive complex. A separate subclass of Sec7-domain proteins is involved in signal transduction and possess a domain that mediates membrane binding in response to extracellular signals. ...
... inactive, abortive complex. A separate subclass of Sec7-domain proteins is involved in signal transduction and possess a domain that mediates membrane binding in response to extracellular signals. ...
Active uptake of cyst nematode parasitism proteins into the plant cell
... The cyst nematode feeding site, the syncytium, is a multinucleate and physiologically active aggregation of fused root cells that exclusively provides the nematode with nourishment during its sedentary life stages (Gheysen and Fenoll, 2002; Jasmer et al., 2003). While the exact molecular mechanisms ...
... The cyst nematode feeding site, the syncytium, is a multinucleate and physiologically active aggregation of fused root cells that exclusively provides the nematode with nourishment during its sedentary life stages (Gheysen and Fenoll, 2002; Jasmer et al., 2003). While the exact molecular mechanisms ...
Novel plasmodesmata association of dehydrin
... labeling and TEM. The nucleus and cytoplasm of xylem parenchyma and cortical cells were uniformly labeled with immunogold particles (Figures 3A and 3E). Exposure of similar tissues to pre-immune serum produced only background labeling (compare Figures 3A and 3E to 3B and 3F). The nucleus and cytopla ...
... labeling and TEM. The nucleus and cytoplasm of xylem parenchyma and cortical cells were uniformly labeled with immunogold particles (Figures 3A and 3E). Exposure of similar tissues to pre-immune serum produced only background labeling (compare Figures 3A and 3E to 3B and 3F). The nucleus and cytopla ...
Microbiology - Imperial Valley College
... an example of a gramnegative bacterium that produces endotoxins Endotoxins: toxins composed of lipids that are part of the cell membrane ...
... an example of a gramnegative bacterium that produces endotoxins Endotoxins: toxins composed of lipids that are part of the cell membrane ...
The roles of two C. elegans HOX co-factor orthologs
... vulval cell lineages or not. This pathway prevents vulval cell division in the absence of an inductive signal from the anchor cell (reviewed by Fay and Han, 2000). Animals defective in both class A and class B synMuv gene functions display a multivulval phenotype because most of the vulval precursor ...
... vulval cell lineages or not. This pathway prevents vulval cell division in the absence of an inductive signal from the anchor cell (reviewed by Fay and Han, 2000). Animals defective in both class A and class B synMuv gene functions display a multivulval phenotype because most of the vulval precursor ...
Protozoa as Model System for Studies of
... response caused by a sudden increase in light intensity (light stimulus) starts with a delayed cessation of ciliary beating that results in the disappearance of the cells forward swimming, then a period of ciliary reversal (backward movement) followed finally by renewed forward movement, often in a ...
... response caused by a sudden increase in light intensity (light stimulus) starts with a delayed cessation of ciliary beating that results in the disappearance of the cells forward swimming, then a period of ciliary reversal (backward movement) followed finally by renewed forward movement, often in a ...
PDF
... Despite the clear advantages of using Drosophila in cell-plasticity studies, the cellular mechanisms driving the recovery of normal organ size and shape are still poorly understood. Two different scenarios can be predicted for disc regeneration. The first considers that regeneration involves a gener ...
... Despite the clear advantages of using Drosophila in cell-plasticity studies, the cellular mechanisms driving the recovery of normal organ size and shape are still poorly understood. Two different scenarios can be predicted for disc regeneration. The first considers that regeneration involves a gener ...
Aurintricarboxylic Acid Rescues PC12 Cells and Sympathetic
... medium. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, ATA promotes the longterm (2 week) survival of PC12 cells in serum-free medium at concentrations between 20-100 AM. The minimum effective concentration varies between 10-20 p,M in different experiments . There is a sharp concentration dependence, which may be due t ...
... medium. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, ATA promotes the longterm (2 week) survival of PC12 cells in serum-free medium at concentrations between 20-100 AM. The minimum effective concentration varies between 10-20 p,M in different experiments . There is a sharp concentration dependence, which may be due t ...
Tutorial Vm
... gradient from I to II • This causes + charge to accumulate in II because + and - charges are separated – Remember that Cl- can’t cross the membrane ! • Therefore II becomes positive relative to I ...
... gradient from I to II • This causes + charge to accumulate in II because + and - charges are separated – Remember that Cl- can’t cross the membrane ! • Therefore II becomes positive relative to I ...
DNA methylation affects the cell cycle transcription of the CtrA global
... initiation is relaxed and the cells have abnormal morphology (Zweiger et al., 1994), suggesting that differential CcrM methylation helps to regulate these processes. Although CcrM is required for viability, the essential functions of this MTase are unknown. In Caulobacter, cell differentiation is co ...
... initiation is relaxed and the cells have abnormal morphology (Zweiger et al., 1994), suggesting that differential CcrM methylation helps to regulate these processes. Although CcrM is required for viability, the essential functions of this MTase are unknown. In Caulobacter, cell differentiation is co ...
Biology
... Kingdom Protista is very diverse. Some of its members example _____________, are photosynthetic so they have _______________ to capture light from the Sun. Very often, these have ______________ to help them move. Other members, for example _____________, are _______________ which means that they hav ...
... Kingdom Protista is very diverse. Some of its members example _____________, are photosynthetic so they have _______________ to capture light from the Sun. Very often, these have ______________ to help them move. Other members, for example _____________, are _______________ which means that they hav ...
Identification of Motile Sperm Domain–Containing Protein 2 as
... sites of inflammation and cancerous tissues. Although targeting of selected chemokine receptors on monocytes exhibited preclinical efficacy, attempts to translate these studies to the clinic have failed thus far, possibly due to redundancy of the target receptor. We reveal that motile sperm domain–c ...
... sites of inflammation and cancerous tissues. Although targeting of selected chemokine receptors on monocytes exhibited preclinical efficacy, attempts to translate these studies to the clinic have failed thus far, possibly due to redundancy of the target receptor. We reveal that motile sperm domain–c ...
CD95 ligation and intracellular membrane flow
... cross-talk between endosomal and mitochondrial compartments was accompanied by a loss of the MMP and apoptosis execution. This cell remodelling was sensitive to monensin and was absent not only after induction of receptor-independent cell death with staurosporine, but also in cells selected for mult ...
... cross-talk between endosomal and mitochondrial compartments was accompanied by a loss of the MMP and apoptosis execution. This cell remodelling was sensitive to monensin and was absent not only after induction of receptor-independent cell death with staurosporine, but also in cells selected for mult ...
pdf - John Innes Centre
... but in all cases it is clear that their development involves a remodelling of plant cell walls. In cases where there is no evidence of intracellular infection threads, e.g., peanut (Uheda et al., 2001) and lupin (Lotocka et al., 2000), there is definite evidence of an interaction between rhizobia an ...
... but in all cases it is clear that their development involves a remodelling of plant cell walls. In cases where there is no evidence of intracellular infection threads, e.g., peanut (Uheda et al., 2001) and lupin (Lotocka et al., 2000), there is definite evidence of an interaction between rhizobia an ...
S. cerevisiae Mitotic Exit Activator
... required to hold together the newly replicated chromosomes (sister-chromatids), are also laid down in S phase (reviewed in Hirano, 2000). The establishment of sister-chromatid cohesion allows the formation of a bipolar spindle in prophase, which is required for proper sister-chromatid segregation du ...
... required to hold together the newly replicated chromosomes (sister-chromatids), are also laid down in S phase (reviewed in Hirano, 2000). The establishment of sister-chromatid cohesion allows the formation of a bipolar spindle in prophase, which is required for proper sister-chromatid segregation du ...
Cell Wall, Cytoskeleton, and Cell Expansion in Higher Plants
... dicot primary walls. XyG is thought to form hydrogen bonds along the lengths of cellulose microfibrils and to play a large role in forming the crosslinks between cellulose microfibrils. Historically, there have been two proposed mechanisms by which XyG acts in crosslinking cellulose microfibrils, ei ...
... dicot primary walls. XyG is thought to form hydrogen bonds along the lengths of cellulose microfibrils and to play a large role in forming the crosslinks between cellulose microfibrils. Historically, there have been two proposed mechanisms by which XyG acts in crosslinking cellulose microfibrils, ei ...
KINGDOM PROTISTA
... i. Amoebae ooze along by means of “false feet” called ___________________________. 1. pseudopodia (____________________)-cytoplasmic extensions that function in both movement and feeding 2. ____________ flows forward to create a blunt, arm-like extension (pseudopodia). At the same time, other pseudo ...
... i. Amoebae ooze along by means of “false feet” called ___________________________. 1. pseudopodia (____________________)-cytoplasmic extensions that function in both movement and feeding 2. ____________ flows forward to create a blunt, arm-like extension (pseudopodia). At the same time, other pseudo ...
hnRNPLL - Shirley Liu Lab
... consistent with previous data on plasmacytoma cell lines (4). To deplete hnRNPLL protein in MPC11 cells, we transduced MPC11 cells with pLKO.1 lentivirus encoding short hairpins (shRNAs) that target Hnrpll transcripts. After eliminating untransduced cells by selection with puromycin, we achieved ∼80 ...
... consistent with previous data on plasmacytoma cell lines (4). To deplete hnRNPLL protein in MPC11 cells, we transduced MPC11 cells with pLKO.1 lentivirus encoding short hairpins (shRNAs) that target Hnrpll transcripts. After eliminating untransduced cells by selection with puromycin, we achieved ∼80 ...
Plasma membrane repair in plants
... SNARE [43,49]. Using this approach, an ectopic expression of a SNARE fragment produces the binding to the protein partners, thereby preventing SNARE interactions and vesicle fusion [42]. However, this approach can result in non-specific binding to many SNARE complexes, making difficult the identific ...
... SNARE [43,49]. Using this approach, an ectopic expression of a SNARE fragment produces the binding to the protein partners, thereby preventing SNARE interactions and vesicle fusion [42]. However, this approach can result in non-specific binding to many SNARE complexes, making difficult the identific ...
A Rab4-like GTPase in Dictyostelium discoideum
... initial proteolytic cleavage of acid hydrolase precursors occurs in a late Golgi or endosomal compartment (Cardelli et al., 1990b; Wood and Kaplan, 1988); proteolysis may be required for proper sorting of the hydrolases (Richardson et al., 1988). Acidic endosomal/lysosomal compartments are required ...
... initial proteolytic cleavage of acid hydrolase precursors occurs in a late Golgi or endosomal compartment (Cardelli et al., 1990b; Wood and Kaplan, 1988); proteolysis may be required for proper sorting of the hydrolases (Richardson et al., 1988). Acidic endosomal/lysosomal compartments are required ...
Characterization of a AT-Bromoacetyl-L-Thyroxine Affinity
... 18,000 mol wt (9). The 29-kDa protein has been identified as the substrate-binding subunit of 5'D-II (9, 12), while the identities of the 55- and 18-kDa proteins remain to be established. In other organs and cell lines, a 55-kDa affinity-labeled protein has been identified and proposed as a plasma m ...
... 18,000 mol wt (9). The 29-kDa protein has been identified as the substrate-binding subunit of 5'D-II (9, 12), while the identities of the 55- and 18-kDa proteins remain to be established. In other organs and cell lines, a 55-kDa affinity-labeled protein has been identified and proposed as a plasma m ...
FREE Sample Here
... Topic: Concept 5.2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 5.2 27) Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar stalks left in a 0.15 M salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that A) the fresh water and the salt solutio ...
... Topic: Concept 5.2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 5.2 27) Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar stalks left in a 0.15 M salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that A) the fresh water and the salt solutio ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.