Lecture21
... chloroplast branches in Cyanobacteria - oxygenic photosynthesis mitochondria branches in Proteobacteria near Rickettsia- aerobic respiration -have lipid membranes (often two sets) -one species of alga still has peptidoglycan cell wall around its chloroplast ...
... chloroplast branches in Cyanobacteria - oxygenic photosynthesis mitochondria branches in Proteobacteria near Rickettsia- aerobic respiration -have lipid membranes (often two sets) -one species of alga still has peptidoglycan cell wall around its chloroplast ...
On diamond surface properties and interactions with neurons.
... The surface morphology of the as-deposited films was characterized using an atomic force microscope (AFM, Park System XE100 ) in non-contact mode. The scan size was 4x4 µm2 or 3x3 µm2 at resolution of 256x256 pixels, with a scan rate of 1 Hz. Fig. 1a shows an AFM map and profile relevant to the OMO ...
... The surface morphology of the as-deposited films was characterized using an atomic force microscope (AFM, Park System XE100 ) in non-contact mode. The scan size was 4x4 µm2 or 3x3 µm2 at resolution of 256x256 pixels, with a scan rate of 1 Hz. Fig. 1a shows an AFM map and profile relevant to the OMO ...
Fluid-Phase Endocytosis in Plant Cells
... up in parallel as demonstrated by their similar uptake kinetics and observations using epifluorescence microscopy (Etxeberria et al. 2005a). Subsequent studies conducted by the same authors provided strong evidence that a sizable pool of sucrose taken up by endocytosis is utilized for starch biosynt ...
... up in parallel as demonstrated by their similar uptake kinetics and observations using epifluorescence microscopy (Etxeberria et al. 2005a). Subsequent studies conducted by the same authors provided strong evidence that a sizable pool of sucrose taken up by endocytosis is utilized for starch biosynt ...
Text S1.
... the activity was merely controlled by one of the frames (let it be room frame) and computed an estimate of information, the entropy of this distribution. The observed entropy was also computed. The difference between the observed and expected entropy estimates the amount of information that the aren ...
... the activity was merely controlled by one of the frames (let it be room frame) and computed an estimate of information, the entropy of this distribution. The observed entropy was also computed. The difference between the observed and expected entropy estimates the amount of information that the aren ...
Association of Calmodulin and an Unconventional Myosin with the
... Vesicular Compartments in Living Cells In living cells placed in hypotonic medium, contractile vacuoles appeared as large, phase lucent organelles whose filling and emptying action could be readily observed by phasecontrast or differential interference contrast microscopy. Typically, an interphase w ...
... Vesicular Compartments in Living Cells In living cells placed in hypotonic medium, contractile vacuoles appeared as large, phase lucent organelles whose filling and emptying action could be readily observed by phasecontrast or differential interference contrast microscopy. Typically, an interphase w ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... (dynein, kinesin and myosin). In addition, proteins normally found in the nucleus, like nucleolin and RNA helicase A, were also found associated with cytosolic hStaufen complexes. The co-localization of these components with hStaufen granules in the dendrites of differentiated neuroblasts, determine ...
... (dynein, kinesin and myosin). In addition, proteins normally found in the nucleus, like nucleolin and RNA helicase A, were also found associated with cytosolic hStaufen complexes. The co-localization of these components with hStaufen granules in the dendrites of differentiated neuroblasts, determine ...
Sarcomere assembly in C. elegans muscle
... peeled away to reveal the basal membrane of two body-wall muscle cells. (C) A longitudinal section through a body-wall muscle cell. Dense bodies and M-lines attach actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments, respectively, to the basal sarcolemma. (D) Locations of several different muscle attach ...
... peeled away to reveal the basal membrane of two body-wall muscle cells. (C) A longitudinal section through a body-wall muscle cell. Dense bodies and M-lines attach actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments, respectively, to the basal sarcolemma. (D) Locations of several different muscle attach ...
Chapter 5-化學訊息傳導物檔案
... 凝血因子, and cytokines 細胞激素 growth factors are proteins that stimulate proliferation 增生 and differentiation 分化 of cells; clotting factors are proteins that formation of a blood clot 血塊; cytokines are peptides, usually released from immune cells 免疫細胞, that function in coordinating the body’s defense a ...
... 凝血因子, and cytokines 細胞激素 growth factors are proteins that stimulate proliferation 增生 and differentiation 分化 of cells; clotting factors are proteins that formation of a blood clot 血塊; cytokines are peptides, usually released from immune cells 免疫細胞, that function in coordinating the body’s defense a ...
Chapter 5 Chemical messengers
... carrier proteins. Only the small amount of free hormone in the plasma is immediately available binding with target cell receptors. Some carrier proteins are specific for a particular hormone, such as corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) for cortisol Other carrier protein—for example, albumin—ar ...
... carrier proteins. Only the small amount of free hormone in the plasma is immediately available binding with target cell receptors. Some carrier proteins are specific for a particular hormone, such as corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) for cortisol Other carrier protein—for example, albumin—ar ...
Epidermal Pavement Cells of Arabidopsis Have
... different labs are presented (Fig. 1). Chlorophyll autofluorescence (emission peak 485 nm) is routinely detected using epifluorescent microscopy (B-3A long-pass filter set) as well as confocal laser scanning microscopy (excitation 488 nm; emission collected 650–750 nm) in pavement cell plastids. The ...
... different labs are presented (Fig. 1). Chlorophyll autofluorescence (emission peak 485 nm) is routinely detected using epifluorescent microscopy (B-3A long-pass filter set) as well as confocal laser scanning microscopy (excitation 488 nm; emission collected 650–750 nm) in pavement cell plastids. The ...
Phosphoinositide signaling in plant development
... PtdIns3P and PtdIns4P are formed from PtdIns by specific PIkinases (Fig. 2B): the PI 3-kinase VPS34 and at least two subfamilies of PI 4-kinases, namely PI4Kα and PI4Kβ, respectively (Mueller-Roeber and Pical, 2002). To date, no PIkinase has been demonstrated to be capable of generating PtdIns5P fro ...
... PtdIns3P and PtdIns4P are formed from PtdIns by specific PIkinases (Fig. 2B): the PI 3-kinase VPS34 and at least two subfamilies of PI 4-kinases, namely PI4Kα and PI4Kβ, respectively (Mueller-Roeber and Pical, 2002). To date, no PIkinase has been demonstrated to be capable of generating PtdIns5P fro ...
The VirE3 protein of Agrobacterium mimics a host cell function
... and VirD2 and VirE2. Figure 3A shows that yeast cells expressing VirE3 and VirE2 exhibited strong growth in the absence of histidine (lane 2); however, VirE3 did not interact with another component of the Agrobacterium T-complex, VirD2 (lane 3). Also, as mentioned above, in negative control experime ...
... and VirD2 and VirE2. Figure 3A shows that yeast cells expressing VirE3 and VirE2 exhibited strong growth in the absence of histidine (lane 2); however, VirE3 did not interact with another component of the Agrobacterium T-complex, VirD2 (lane 3). Also, as mentioned above, in negative control experime ...
Nonlinear Self-organization Dynamics of a Metabolic Process of the
... dynamics of metabolic processes in cells. Its solution allows one to find the structural-functional connections defining the self-organization of these processes and to answer the question how the catalyzed enzymatic reactions create the internal space-time ordering of the cell life. The most genera ...
... dynamics of metabolic processes in cells. Its solution allows one to find the structural-functional connections defining the self-organization of these processes and to answer the question how the catalyzed enzymatic reactions create the internal space-time ordering of the cell life. The most genera ...
The NF- B Pathway
... to the immediate activation of a number of protein tyrosine kinases and formation of very large multi-component receptor complexes (Weil and Israel, 2004). This leads to activation of PKC and its association with Akt, a kinase activated by the co-stimulatory CD28 pathway (Schmitz et al., 2003). Alt ...
... to the immediate activation of a number of protein tyrosine kinases and formation of very large multi-component receptor complexes (Weil and Israel, 2004). This leads to activation of PKC and its association with Akt, a kinase activated by the co-stimulatory CD28 pathway (Schmitz et al., 2003). Alt ...
Alfy, a novel FYVE-domain-containing protein associated with
... to study the functions of various proteins that contain FYVE or PX domains, and several mammalian PtdIns(3)P effectors in endocytic membrane trafficking have already been identified (Simonsen et al., 1998; Raiborg et al., 2002; Nielsen et al., 2000; Ikonomov et al., 2003). Although three PtdIns(3)P ...
... to study the functions of various proteins that contain FYVE or PX domains, and several mammalian PtdIns(3)P effectors in endocytic membrane trafficking have already been identified (Simonsen et al., 1998; Raiborg et al., 2002; Nielsen et al., 2000; Ikonomov et al., 2003). Although three PtdIns(3)P ...
Muscles - lms.manhattan.edu
... length. • Instead they slide past each other (overlap) • So actin filaments slide between myosin filaments • and the zone of overlap is larger ...
... length. • Instead they slide past each other (overlap) • So actin filaments slide between myosin filaments • and the zone of overlap is larger ...
Fig. 2
... Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an essential process which takes place in a cell. The apoptotic process is activated when the cell is under stress, infected, or when the genome is beyond repair. This process is a way for the cell to dispose of itself in an organized fashion when under these ...
... Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an essential process which takes place in a cell. The apoptotic process is activated when the cell is under stress, infected, or when the genome is beyond repair. This process is a way for the cell to dispose of itself in an organized fashion when under these ...
Ch. 48 Lecture 48_Nervous_System
... • Many animals have a complex nervous system that consists of – A central nervous system (CNS) where integration takes place; this includes the brain and a nerve cord – A peripheral nervous system (PNS), which carries information into and out of the CNS – The neurons of the PNS, when bundled togeth ...
... • Many animals have a complex nervous system that consists of – A central nervous system (CNS) where integration takes place; this includes the brain and a nerve cord – A peripheral nervous system (PNS), which carries information into and out of the CNS – The neurons of the PNS, when bundled togeth ...
The importance of the five phosphoribosyl
... purine, pyrimidine, pyridine nucleotides, histidine and tryptophan (Hove-Jensen, 1989), indicating that in this organism Prs is not required for a function other than PRPP synthesis, although it has been suggested that the enzyme may be implicated in the initiation of DNA replication in E. coli (Sak ...
... purine, pyrimidine, pyridine nucleotides, histidine and tryptophan (Hove-Jensen, 1989), indicating that in this organism Prs is not required for a function other than PRPP synthesis, although it has been suggested that the enzyme may be implicated in the initiation of DNA replication in E. coli (Sak ...
Periodicities of photosynthesis and cell division: behavior of phase
... responses in phytoplankton physiology. There are several reasons for this lack of documentation. First, most studies of periodicity have been conducted using LD schedules which do not vary in intensity during the light portion of the cycle. This simplification makes work with algal cultures relative ...
... responses in phytoplankton physiology. There are several reasons for this lack of documentation. First, most studies of periodicity have been conducted using LD schedules which do not vary in intensity during the light portion of the cycle. This simplification makes work with algal cultures relative ...
Full text in pdf format
... ABSTRACT: The occurrence of periplasmic aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase (APase) was studied in a Gram-negative bacterium (designated S8) isolated from the surface waters off the Southern California coast. We tested the hypothesis that processing of polymeric substrates (e.g. protein) by mari ...
... ABSTRACT: The occurrence of periplasmic aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase (APase) was studied in a Gram-negative bacterium (designated S8) isolated from the surface waters off the Southern California coast. We tested the hypothesis that processing of polymeric substrates (e.g. protein) by mari ...
Fission yeast meu14+ is required for proper nuclear division and
... through two successive meiotic divisions. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a useful model organism to study the mechanisms that regulate processes that occur during meiosis (e.g. recombination, chromosome behavior, and sporulation) because it synchronously enters meiosis and can be eas ...
... through two successive meiotic divisions. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a useful model organism to study the mechanisms that regulate processes that occur during meiosis (e.g. recombination, chromosome behavior, and sporulation) because it synchronously enters meiosis and can be eas ...
Test Bank - rsffa.org
... ____ 14. A cell in a multicellular organism must be able to carry out all of the functions necessary for life in order for the organism to survive. _________________________ ____ 15. There is a division of labor among the cells of multicellular organisms. _________________________ Completion Complet ...
... ____ 14. A cell in a multicellular organism must be able to carry out all of the functions necessary for life in order for the organism to survive. _________________________ ____ 15. There is a division of labor among the cells of multicellular organisms. _________________________ Completion Complet ...
The role of the cytoskeleton in the polarized growth of
... involved in the incorporation of new membrane and cellwall material, can be observed by electron microscopy (Akashi etal., 1993; Grove, 1978). The similarity in terms of distribution between actin and wall vesicles suggests that the accumulation of F-actin is probably involved in the localization of ...
... involved in the incorporation of new membrane and cellwall material, can be observed by electron microscopy (Akashi etal., 1993; Grove, 1978). The similarity in terms of distribution between actin and wall vesicles suggests that the accumulation of F-actin is probably involved in the localization of ...
control of cell division of the intracellular chlorella symbionts in
... algae there is presumably some factor which inhibits algal mitosis. However, when the host cell is stimulated to divide (as in regenerating heads or peduncles) the restriction on algal mitosis is removed. Algal mitosis occurs more rapidly than host cell mitosis, so that there is a period when host c ...
... algae there is presumably some factor which inhibits algal mitosis. However, when the host cell is stimulated to divide (as in regenerating heads or peduncles) the restriction on algal mitosis is removed. Algal mitosis occurs more rapidly than host cell mitosis, so that there is a period when host c ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.