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Section A: Answer ALL questions in the space provided. This section
carries a total of 55 marks.
1. Below are two methods of movement across cells.
Method 1
Method 2
a. Name the two methods of movement shown above. (2 marks)
Method 1: _________________________
Method 2: _________________________
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b. Give the name of structure A. (1 mark)
________________________________________________________
c. What is happening in Method 1? (2 marks)
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d. What is happening to the dye molecules in Method 2? (1 mark)
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e. Give one difference between Method 1 and active transport. (1
mark)
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f. Give an example where organisms make use of active
transport. (1 mark)
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(8 marks)
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2a. Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate words:
Kingdom Protista is very diverse. Some of its members example
_____________, are photosynthetic so they have
_______________ to capture light from the Sun. Very often,
these have ______________ to help them move. Other
members, for example _____________, are _______________
which means that they have to ingest ready-made food by
extending their _______________ around the food particle.
Food is then digested into a _______________________. In
order to get rid of the excess water entering them, these
protists continuously form _______________________. The
typical mode of reproduction of protists is _____________ as it
involves only one parent. In fact, they split in two daughter cells
in a process known as ____________________.
(10 marks)
b. In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of the photosynthetic
protist you mentioned above. (3 marks)
(13 marks)
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3.
Below is an image through a microscope of liver cells:
a) On the picture label the nucleus, the cell membrane and the
cytoplasm. (3 marks)
b) Give two differences between the cells in the image above and
a palisade mesophyll cell. (2 marks)
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c) Both the liver cells and palisade mesophyll cells are specialised
cells. Give an example of another specialised cell in humans
and another specialised cell in plants. (2 marks)
In humans: _________________ In plants: __________________
d) Both the liver cells and palisade mesophyll cells are eukaryotic
cells. What does this mean? (2 marks)
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
(9 marks)
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4. Fill in with the following words. Every word can be used once,
more than once or not at all.
rhizomes, mosses, thallus, spores, rhizoids, vascular
tissues, phloem, fronds, xylem, stems, cones,
bryophytes, seeds, waxy cuticle.
_____________ are the simplest plants. Liverworts and
_____________ belong to this group. Bryophytes are small in
size as they have no proper roots, leaves and ___________ but
a simple leaf-like ____________. Hair-like structures called
_____________ on the lower surface, help to absorb moisture
so they remain hydrated.
Ferns, on the other hand, have proper _______________ so
they are much larger in size. In fact, they have the
_____________ to transport water and salts and the
____________ to transport food. They can colonise drier areas
as they have leaves with a _______________ as protection
from dessication. They produce no _____________ but
gametes directly.
(10 marks)
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5. Below are pictures of four different living organisms.
Organism A
Organism B
Organism C
Organism D
a) Write down the phylum, class and one characteristic feature of
the organisms above: (5 marks)
Organism
Phylum
Class
One characteristic feature
A
B
C
D
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b) Explain the difference between:
i.
The type of metamorphosis of organism B compared with
that of a butterfly. (2 marks)
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ii.
The function and the type of skin of organism D compared
with that of a reptile. (2 marks)
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c) Give the name of another organism in the same Phylum as that
of organism C. (1 mark)
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
(10 marks)
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6. Give the correct biological word for the following descriptions:
Description
Correct biological word
a) Plants having fronds with spores on
the underside
b) The organelles which produce
proteins in cells
c) Removing undigested wastes from
the body
d) The organelle which produces
energy for the cell
e) The jelly-like substance in vacuoles
(5 marks)
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Section B : Answer Question 1 and any TWO other questions
(choose from Questions 2 to 5). This section carries 45 marks.
1. Read the following text and answer the questions.
Bacteria and Fungi Together: A Biofuel Dream Team?
It is an obvious idea—in fact, it’s how nature disposes of trees after
they die! Yet before researchers at the University of Michigan tried
it, no one had paired a bacterium with a fungus to make cellulosebased biofuel saprotrophically.
The team took Trichoderma reesei, a fungus widely known for its
ability to efficiently decompose the non-edible parts of plants, plus a
specially engineered strain of the bacteria Escherichia coli and
applied them both to a vat of dried cornhusks. After the fungi
degraded the husks into sugars, the bacteria finished the job. The
result was isobutanol, a colorless, flammable liquid that researchers
hope could one day replace gasoline.
Adapted from: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bacteria-fungi-biofuel-dream-team/
a) What does the term “saprotrophically” mean? (1 mark)
b) What makes plants so difficult to be digested by humans? (1
mark)
c) Give a possible limitation to the production of biofuels by this
method. (1 mark)
d) Would you describe the bacterial and fungal “team” as
mutualistic? Why? (2 marks)
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e) Describe an example of a mutualistic relationship formed by
bacteria. (2 marks)
f) Some strains of Escherichia coli can be harmful to humans. How?
(2 marks)
g) Give one difference between a fungal cell and a bacterial cell. (1
mark)
h) Give one similarity between a fungal cell and a bacterial cell. (1
mark)
i) From the passage, write down a genus name and a species name.
(2 marks)
j) Viruses are not given a genus name and/or a species name. Why is
this? (2 marks)
(15 marks)
2a. Lupins are leguminous plants. Below is a diagram of lupin plant
with nodules on its roots.
i.
State the type of microorganism found in the nodules. (1 mark)
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ii.
In what way does the plant benefit from the relationship? (1
mark)
iii.
In what way does the microorganism benefit? (1 mark)
iv.
Is the Lupin a monocotyledon or a dicotyledon? Give two
reasons for your answer. (2 marks)
2b. Below are pictures of three worms, each from different phyla.
Worm C
Worm A
Worm B
i.
For each worm, give the phylum and one characteristic
feature. You may tabulate your answer. (6 marks)
ii.
Name Worm A. (1 mark)
iii.
Mention one way how Worm A can be beneficial in
nature. (1 mark)
iv.
Mention two differences between worm A and a
myriapod. (2 marks)
(15 Marks)
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3. Some onion cells were placed in different salt solutions. The
following diagrams show how the cells looked after an hour.
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
Cell D
a) Match the following solutions with the letter of the cells
above:
i.
Distilled water
ii.
Tap water
iii.
3% salt solution
iv.
30% salt solution
(4 marks)
b) Which cell became
i) plasmolysed? ii) flaccid? (1 mark)
c) Which dye was used to make the onion cells more visible
under the microscope? (1 mark)
d) The onion plant is a monocot. Draw a monocotyledon leaf
and a dicotyledon leaf. (4 marks)
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e) How are the seed leaves of monocots and dicots
different? (1 marks)
f) How are the vascular bundles in stems of monocots and
dicots different? (1 mark)
g) Give one difference between ferns and flowering plants.
(1 mark)
h) Give one difference and one similarity between flowering
plants and conifers. (2 marks)
(15 marks)
4. The diagram shows yeast undergoing asexual
reproduction.
a) Explain what is meant by asexual reproduction. (1 mark)
b) What is this type of asexual reproduction in yeast called? (1
mark)
c) Describe a commercial or economic use of yeast. (2 marks)
d) To which Kingdom does yeast belong? (1 mark)
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e) Give one characteristic which places yeast in the Kingdom
you mentioned in c). (1 mark)
f) Give the name of another member of the Kingdom you
mentioned in c). (1 mark)
g) Describe one example of a mutualistic relationship of some
members of the Kingdom you mentioned in c). (2 marks)
h) Name a disease caused by some members of the Kingdom
you mentioned in c). (1 mark)
i) Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, hence they
always causes diseases when inside a host cell. Draw and
label the structure of a generalised virus. (3 marks)
j) Give an example of a viral disease. (1 mark)
k) Mention one way by which the body protects itself against
diseases. (1 mark)
(15 marks)
5. Give a biological explanation for each of the following
statements:
a. Euglena is not a member of the Plant Kingdom. (3 marks)
b. One can kill slugs by sprinkling salt on them. (2 marks)
c. Polar bears are adapted to live in very cold temperatures. (2
marks)
d. Bacteria are not always killed by heat. (2 marks)
e. Crustaceans are different from arachnids but both are
Arthropods. (4 marks)
f. Birds have bones adapted for flight. (2 marks)
(15 marks)
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