DOI: 10
... All other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (France). The ODN sequences are listed in Table S1. The ODN sequences used in this work have a melting temperature (Tm) higher than 60°C and do not form any secondary structures, which allows performing ...
... All other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (France). The ODN sequences are listed in Table S1. The ODN sequences used in this work have a melting temperature (Tm) higher than 60°C and do not form any secondary structures, which allows performing ...
Multicellular life cycle of magnetotactic prokaryotes
... maintain contact with both the external environment and the internal compartment. The cells are tightly bound to each other and have a pyramidal shape that allows them to fit in the spherical organism. The high level of structural organization, the interdependence of the cells suggested by loss of mo ...
... maintain contact with both the external environment and the internal compartment. The cells are tightly bound to each other and have a pyramidal shape that allows them to fit in the spherical organism. The high level of structural organization, the interdependence of the cells suggested by loss of mo ...
A Smooth Muscle-specific Monoclonal Antibody Recognizes Smooth
... address is Genetic Systems, Inc., 3005 1st Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98121. ...
... address is Genetic Systems, Inc., 3005 1st Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98121. ...
Newly Synthesized Catalytic and Regulatory Components of
... exemplified by CAMP-dependent protein phosphorylation of K+ channels in molluscan neurons (Kandel et al., 1983; Novak Hofer et al., 1985), are important regulatory mechanisms for modifying the properties of neurons. CAMP and calcium-dependent protein phosphorylation may also be involved in regulatin ...
... exemplified by CAMP-dependent protein phosphorylation of K+ channels in molluscan neurons (Kandel et al., 1983; Novak Hofer et al., 1985), are important regulatory mechanisms for modifying the properties of neurons. CAMP and calcium-dependent protein phosphorylation may also be involved in regulatin ...
1 Breast Cancer Cell Line Development and Authentication
... of harvesting large numbers of cells (can be grown in culture for long periods of time to accumulate the necessary concentration), and the ability to test an individual cell type without confounding parameters such as other cell types or local microenvironment (to date, no two cell lines can grown s ...
... of harvesting large numbers of cells (can be grown in culture for long periods of time to accumulate the necessary concentration), and the ability to test an individual cell type without confounding parameters such as other cell types or local microenvironment (to date, no two cell lines can grown s ...
Cell Energetics Foldable
... 1. Label this section “ATP” at the top. 2. Write your name and period in the upper right corner. 3. Draw an ATP molecule, showing the adenine, the sugar, and the three phosphate groups, and label each part of the molecule. 4. Explain where the energy comes from to recharge the ATP. 5. Draw and label ...
... 1. Label this section “ATP” at the top. 2. Write your name and period in the upper right corner. 3. Draw an ATP molecule, showing the adenine, the sugar, and the three phosphate groups, and label each part of the molecule. 4. Explain where the energy comes from to recharge the ATP. 5. Draw and label ...
Essays in Biochemistry Volume 39 Chapter 1
... exists in cells. Previous studies with C. elegans in the 1980s had identified about 12 different genes that were involved in apoptosis. Some mutations completely inhibited apoptosis, while others only inhibited clearance of apoptotic bodies by surrounding cells. One gene called Ced-3 was absolutely ...
... exists in cells. Previous studies with C. elegans in the 1980s had identified about 12 different genes that were involved in apoptosis. Some mutations completely inhibited apoptosis, while others only inhibited clearance of apoptotic bodies by surrounding cells. One gene called Ced-3 was absolutely ...
DNA asymmetry in stem cells – immortal or mortal?
... segregation’ does not necessarily describe a single biological phenomenon. As such, each type of non-random sister chromatid segregation can have a distinct biological meaning, and be carried out through distinct molecular or cellular mechanisms. Non-random sister chromatid segregation during stem c ...
... segregation’ does not necessarily describe a single biological phenomenon. As such, each type of non-random sister chromatid segregation can have a distinct biological meaning, and be carried out through distinct molecular or cellular mechanisms. Non-random sister chromatid segregation during stem c ...
Nance et al gastrulation paper - The Hardin Lab
... receptor-expressing cells contacts the ligand-expressing cell; this interaction leads to the specification of dorsal cell types such as hypodermis (skin). In addition to anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes, the early embryo must establish an outer-inner polarity. Cells on the ventral surface ...
... receptor-expressing cells contacts the ligand-expressing cell; this interaction leads to the specification of dorsal cell types such as hypodermis (skin). In addition to anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes, the early embryo must establish an outer-inner polarity. Cells on the ventral surface ...
The Rice TAL Effector–Dependent Resistance
... triplicate, and the data are presented as means 6 SD. (C) and (D) The expression of Xa10 in IRBB10A at 12 HAI with water (M) or PXO99A strains harboring pHM1 (V), pHM1avrXa10 (Wt), pHM1avrXa10NLS (NLS), or pHM1avrXa10AD (AD). RNA gel blot analysis (C) and real-time RT-PCR (D) were performed similarl ...
... triplicate, and the data are presented as means 6 SD. (C) and (D) The expression of Xa10 in IRBB10A at 12 HAI with water (M) or PXO99A strains harboring pHM1 (V), pHM1avrXa10 (Wt), pHM1avrXa10NLS (NLS), or pHM1avrXa10AD (AD). RNA gel blot analysis (C) and real-time RT-PCR (D) were performed similarl ...
MS Word Version - Interactive Physiology
... 8. The membranes of both the axon of the motor neuron, and the muscle cell have more positive charges outside the membrane and more negative charges inside the cell. 9. There is more positive charge in the interior of the T Tubule and more negative charge inside the cell. 10. e, c, a, d, b 11. The ...
... 8. The membranes of both the axon of the motor neuron, and the muscle cell have more positive charges outside the membrane and more negative charges inside the cell. 9. There is more positive charge in the interior of the T Tubule and more negative charge inside the cell. 10. e, c, a, d, b 11. The ...
Prescott`s Microbiology, 9th Edition 21 The Deinococci, Mollicutes
... some species have gas vesicles to adjust their depth in water for adequate light and hydrogen sulfide; species without gas vesicles are found in sulfide-rich mud at the bottom of lakes and ponds. 5. Morphologically diverse (rods, cocci, or vibrios; grow singly, in chains, or in clusters); are grassg ...
... some species have gas vesicles to adjust their depth in water for adequate light and hydrogen sulfide; species without gas vesicles are found in sulfide-rich mud at the bottom of lakes and ponds. 5. Morphologically diverse (rods, cocci, or vibrios; grow singly, in chains, or in clusters); are grassg ...
Cell Receptor To Promote B Cell Survival R Interacts and
... The IgM FcR (FcmR) promotes B cell survival, but the molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. We show using FcmR2/2 and wild-type mice that FcmR specifically enhanced B cell survival induced by BCR cross-linking with F(ab9)2-anti-IgM Abs while having no effect on survival when the B cells were a ...
... The IgM FcR (FcmR) promotes B cell survival, but the molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. We show using FcmR2/2 and wild-type mice that FcmR specifically enhanced B cell survival induced by BCR cross-linking with F(ab9)2-anti-IgM Abs while having no effect on survival when the B cells were a ...
Compartmentalisation of Rho regulators directs cell
... RhoGTPase function must be correlated with the activity of Rho regulators during tissue morphogenesis is suggested from studies on cell shape changes occurring during gastrulation and neurulation. In Drosophila gastrulation, a secreted factor Folded gastrulation (Costa et al., 1994) initiates a sign ...
... RhoGTPase function must be correlated with the activity of Rho regulators during tissue morphogenesis is suggested from studies on cell shape changes occurring during gastrulation and neurulation. In Drosophila gastrulation, a secreted factor Folded gastrulation (Costa et al., 1994) initiates a sign ...
regulation of cell growth by vitreous humour
... was quantitated by subtracting the cell number determined at t = 0 h from the total cell number at t = 48 h to obtain a net cell count. The data can be expressed either as a ratio of experimental net cell counts to control net cell counts or as % inhibition (non-inhibited controls = 0% inhibition). ...
... was quantitated by subtracting the cell number determined at t = 0 h from the total cell number at t = 48 h to obtain a net cell count. The data can be expressed either as a ratio of experimental net cell counts to control net cell counts or as % inhibition (non-inhibited controls = 0% inhibition). ...
Biochemistry 304 2014 Student Edition Membranes
... Integral (Intrinsic) proteins are tightly associated with the membrane lipids due to the thermodynamic effect of their hydrophobic interactions. Integral proteins are amphiphiles with the exteriors of the segments in the bilayer having predominately hydrophobic residues, while those segments in the ...
... Integral (Intrinsic) proteins are tightly associated with the membrane lipids due to the thermodynamic effect of their hydrophobic interactions. Integral proteins are amphiphiles with the exteriors of the segments in the bilayer having predominately hydrophobic residues, while those segments in the ...
Pathogenesis of the Human Opportunistic Pathogen
... that infection of Arabidopsis leaves with PA14 has a dramatic effect on the structures of the host cell walls and membranes and on the location and organization of host cell organelles. Uninfected Arabidopsis mesophyll cells have a large central vacuole surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm contai ...
... that infection of Arabidopsis leaves with PA14 has a dramatic effect on the structures of the host cell walls and membranes and on the location and organization of host cell organelles. Uninfected Arabidopsis mesophyll cells have a large central vacuole surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm contai ...
2. Archenteron Morphogenesis in the Sea Urchin
... movement of cells toward the vegetal plate as it bends inward . When the veg2 layer of cells was stained, it was found that only the veg2 layer contributed to the vegetal plate, and cells lateral to the inbending region do not move sub stantially toward it. These marking experiments were later refi ...
... movement of cells toward the vegetal plate as it bends inward . When the veg2 layer of cells was stained, it was found that only the veg2 layer contributed to the vegetal plate, and cells lateral to the inbending region do not move sub stantially toward it. These marking experiments were later refi ...
- Wiley Online Library
... the ML axis of the embryo and intercalate between each other. Since our results indicated an inhibition of convergence by XPAPC-MO, we next analysed the polarization and migration behaviour of membrane-tethered GFP (mGFP)-labelled mesodermal cells in the vegetal alignment zone (VAZ) from stage 10.5 ...
... the ML axis of the embryo and intercalate between each other. Since our results indicated an inhibition of convergence by XPAPC-MO, we next analysed the polarization and migration behaviour of membrane-tethered GFP (mGFP)-labelled mesodermal cells in the vegetal alignment zone (VAZ) from stage 10.5 ...
SED4 Encodes a Yeast Endoplasmic Reticulum
... Abstract. SEC16 is required for transport vesicle budding from the E R in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and encodes a large hydrophilic protein found on the E R m e m b r a n e and as part of the coat of transport vesicles. In a screen to find functionally related genes, we isolated SED4 as a dosage-dep ...
... Abstract. SEC16 is required for transport vesicle budding from the E R in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and encodes a large hydrophilic protein found on the E R m e m b r a n e and as part of the coat of transport vesicles. In a screen to find functionally related genes, we isolated SED4 as a dosage-dep ...
Phosphorylation of initiation factor2 is required for
... proteins involved in cell growth and differentiation such as growth factors, receptors, transcription factors, protooncogenes, and cytokines [10]. Using the 1022 nucleotide long 5¢UTR of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF2) as a model, we were able to show previously that the cumbersome 5¢UTR is n ...
... proteins involved in cell growth and differentiation such as growth factors, receptors, transcription factors, protooncogenes, and cytokines [10]. Using the 1022 nucleotide long 5¢UTR of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF2) as a model, we were able to show previously that the cumbersome 5¢UTR is n ...
Chapter 5, Membranes
... • In addition to the plasma membrane, which separates the cell’s interior from the external environment, the ER, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and transport vesicles are all surrounded by membrane • The membrane isolates various “compartments” within the cell • Many pr ...
... • In addition to the plasma membrane, which separates the cell’s interior from the external environment, the ER, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and transport vesicles are all surrounded by membrane • The membrane isolates various “compartments” within the cell • Many pr ...
Zinc Transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana AtMTP1 is Localized
... (A) or 2 mM MgCl2 (B) and then subjected to sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Proteins in the fractions were electrophoresed, blotted, and immunodetected using antibodies against AtMTP1, plasma membrane H+-ATPase (AHA3), vacuolar membrane H+-ATPase subunit a (VHA-a) and BiP (ER marker). The a ...
... (A) or 2 mM MgCl2 (B) and then subjected to sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Proteins in the fractions were electrophoresed, blotted, and immunodetected using antibodies against AtMTP1, plasma membrane H+-ATPase (AHA3), vacuolar membrane H+-ATPase subunit a (VHA-a) and BiP (ER marker). The a ...
Molecular cloning, over-expression, developmental regulation and
... nitrocellulose filters soaked in 10 mM isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). After 3 hours further growing at 37°C, the colonies were lysed overnight at room temperature on the nitrocellulose replicas in lysis buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.8, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 1.5% BSA, 1 µg/ml DNAse I ...
... nitrocellulose filters soaked in 10 mM isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). After 3 hours further growing at 37°C, the colonies were lysed overnight at room temperature on the nitrocellulose replicas in lysis buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.8, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 1.5% BSA, 1 µg/ml DNAse I ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.