Membrane trafficking and osmotically induced
... It is possible that membrane trafficking is tied to ion transport processes during changes in guard-cell volume that are mediated by ion transport. However, during volume changes in response to external osmotic solutions this cannot be the case, yet guard cells are remarkably robust to large volume ...
... It is possible that membrane trafficking is tied to ion transport processes during changes in guard-cell volume that are mediated by ion transport. However, during volume changes in response to external osmotic solutions this cannot be the case, yet guard cells are remarkably robust to large volume ...
Microtubule Associated Protein 1b (MAP1B) Is a Marker of the
... The cytoskeleton of most eukaryotic cells is principally composed of three distinct fiber types: actin-based microfilaments, a heterogeneous group of intermediate filaments, and microtubules (MTs). MTs are long, hollow fibers made of the protein Tubulin. They are essential for cellular structure, ce ...
... The cytoskeleton of most eukaryotic cells is principally composed of three distinct fiber types: actin-based microfilaments, a heterogeneous group of intermediate filaments, and microtubules (MTs). MTs are long, hollow fibers made of the protein Tubulin. They are essential for cellular structure, ce ...
Figure 1 - Journal of The Royal Society Interface
... cambium, a dividing layer of cells at the periphery of the tree just inside the bark [2]. Outer cells in the cambial zone develop into bark, while inner cells differentiate into wood, with a layer of cambial cells remaining between the two. Over a period of about three weeks as the cells differentia ...
... cambium, a dividing layer of cells at the periphery of the tree just inside the bark [2]. Outer cells in the cambial zone develop into bark, while inner cells differentiate into wood, with a layer of cambial cells remaining between the two. Over a period of about three weeks as the cells differentia ...
Materials and methods - HAL
... respectively. The Fmoc-amino acid derivatives were coupled (20 min) as their hydroxybenzotriazole active esters in N-methylpyrrolidone (4 fold excess). After peptide chain assembly, the peptide resin was treated between 2 and 3 hrs at room temperature, in constant shaking, with a mixture of trifluor ...
... respectively. The Fmoc-amino acid derivatives were coupled (20 min) as their hydroxybenzotriazole active esters in N-methylpyrrolidone (4 fold excess). After peptide chain assembly, the peptide resin was treated between 2 and 3 hrs at room temperature, in constant shaking, with a mixture of trifluor ...
Biochemical Origins of Alzheimer`s Disease With Treatment
... the likelihood for developing Alzheimer’s disease. The gene encoding the amyloid precursor protein is located on chromosome 21; missense mutations arising in this gene that have been shown to confer an increased risk to AD. Missense mutations in the APP gene increase the overall amount of Athrough ...
... the likelihood for developing Alzheimer’s disease. The gene encoding the amyloid precursor protein is located on chromosome 21; missense mutations arising in this gene that have been shown to confer an increased risk to AD. Missense mutations in the APP gene increase the overall amount of Athrough ...
Effect of membrane composition on temperature activation of TRPV1
... All living cells are enveloped by a plasma membrane that acts as a barrier between the intracellular and the extracellular environment [1]. The main constituents of cell membranes are phospholipids, which contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic (polarized) residues. The amphiphilic property of phos ...
... All living cells are enveloped by a plasma membrane that acts as a barrier between the intracellular and the extracellular environment [1]. The main constituents of cell membranes are phospholipids, which contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic (polarized) residues. The amphiphilic property of phos ...
Plant Vacuoles
... of cereal grains, proteins accumulate in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–derived organelles of vacuole-like size (see below). A few recent studies show that distinct vacuoles may simultaneously function in the same cell. Two separate vacuolar compartments, defined by a-TIP and g-TIP, occur together in th ...
... of cereal grains, proteins accumulate in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–derived organelles of vacuole-like size (see below). A few recent studies show that distinct vacuoles may simultaneously function in the same cell. Two separate vacuolar compartments, defined by a-TIP and g-TIP, occur together in th ...
pdf - Penn State University
... other hemicelluloses are found tightly bound to cellulose, and they may also help anchor the microfibril to the matrix (reviewed in Cosgrove, 1997). Binding studies (Hayashi, 1989) suggest that xyloglucan does not simply bind to the microfibril surface, but much of it may also be entrapped within th ...
... other hemicelluloses are found tightly bound to cellulose, and they may also help anchor the microfibril to the matrix (reviewed in Cosgrove, 1997). Binding studies (Hayashi, 1989) suggest that xyloglucan does not simply bind to the microfibril surface, but much of it may also be entrapped within th ...
A CDC45 Homolog in Arabidopsis Is Essential for Meiosis, as
... levels of CDC45 transcript by RT-PCR. In lines in which sufficient quantities of RNA were available, including the lines T 17, T121, and T125 (appearing sterile: siliques of a reduced size, 0 to 5 seeds/silique), T123 (appearing partially sterile: siliques of an intermediate size, 5 to 20 seeds/sili ...
... levels of CDC45 transcript by RT-PCR. In lines in which sufficient quantities of RNA were available, including the lines T 17, T121, and T125 (appearing sterile: siliques of a reduced size, 0 to 5 seeds/silique), T123 (appearing partially sterile: siliques of an intermediate size, 5 to 20 seeds/sili ...
Plant Vacuoles
... of cereal grains, proteins accumulate in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–derived organelles of vacuole-like size (see below). A few recent studies show that distinct vacuoles may simultaneously function in the same cell. Two separate vacuolar compartments, defined by a-TIP and g-TIP, occur together in th ...
... of cereal grains, proteins accumulate in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–derived organelles of vacuole-like size (see below). A few recent studies show that distinct vacuoles may simultaneously function in the same cell. Two separate vacuolar compartments, defined by a-TIP and g-TIP, occur together in th ...
Culm strenth of a rice brittle mutant
... To determine whether the cellular phenotype and the reduced mechanical strength in fp2 mutant plant result from altered cell wall compositions biosynthesis, we analyzed cell wall compositions of mature plant. Because cell walls constituted a major fraction of total wall materials in mature plants, ...
... To determine whether the cellular phenotype and the reduced mechanical strength in fp2 mutant plant result from altered cell wall compositions biosynthesis, we analyzed cell wall compositions of mature plant. Because cell walls constituted a major fraction of total wall materials in mature plants, ...
STUMBLING UPON ACTIVE TRANSPORT
... were actively investigating the physiology of the cell membrane, which plays a role in a number of biological processes. It was well known that the concentration of many ions differs inside and outside the cell. For example, the cell maintains a lower intracellular sodium (Na) concentration and hig ...
... were actively investigating the physiology of the cell membrane, which plays a role in a number of biological processes. It was well known that the concentration of many ions differs inside and outside the cell. For example, the cell maintains a lower intracellular sodium (Na) concentration and hig ...
Epigenetic Control of Cell Division and Cell Differentiation in the
... Among various kinds of histone modifications, acetylation, and methylation of H3 and H4 are the best characterized in plants. Gene expression is generally upregulated by acetylation, mono-, di-, or tri-methylation of histone H3 Lysine 4 (H3K4me1, H3K4me2, or H3K4me3), and di- or tri-methylation of hi ...
... Among various kinds of histone modifications, acetylation, and methylation of H3 and H4 are the best characterized in plants. Gene expression is generally upregulated by acetylation, mono-, di-, or tri-methylation of histone H3 Lysine 4 (H3K4me1, H3K4me2, or H3K4me3), and di- or tri-methylation of hi ...
a case of hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita associated with non
... zoster, HLA on face and nodular lesions on lateral part of left breast were detected. Nonmalignant causes of HLA such as HIV, hyperthyroidism, recent cyclosporine use were excluded. The nodular lesion of the patient was excised and histopathological examination was reported as a diffuse giant B cell ...
... zoster, HLA on face and nodular lesions on lateral part of left breast were detected. Nonmalignant causes of HLA such as HIV, hyperthyroidism, recent cyclosporine use were excluded. The nodular lesion of the patient was excised and histopathological examination was reported as a diffuse giant B cell ...
Microtechnologies for Cell Microenvironment Control and
... behavior, by biophysical, biochemical or other pathways. As previously stated, those factors can be classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical properties of classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical ...
... behavior, by biophysical, biochemical or other pathways. As previously stated, those factors can be classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical properties of classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical ...
Model Questions 1
... 5- Which of the following terms does not describe connective tissue? a- connecting b- transport fluids c- producing heat d- storing energy 6- What is the organ that has abundant elastin in its structure? a- Muscle b- Lung c- bone d- nose 7- To what kind of tissues belong the skeletal system a- Muscu ...
... 5- Which of the following terms does not describe connective tissue? a- connecting b- transport fluids c- producing heat d- storing energy 6- What is the organ that has abundant elastin in its structure? a- Muscle b- Lung c- bone d- nose 7- To what kind of tissues belong the skeletal system a- Muscu ...
Biology of Cancer
... cytoplasm (through association with heat shock proteins, not shown). When estrogen or tamoxifen ligands of the ER (small purple ball) are added to cells, the Myc-ER protein migrates into the nucleus, associates with Max, and activates Myc target genes within minutes. Such activation, when induced in ...
... cytoplasm (through association with heat shock proteins, not shown). When estrogen or tamoxifen ligands of the ER (small purple ball) are added to cells, the Myc-ER protein migrates into the nucleus, associates with Max, and activates Myc target genes within minutes. Such activation, when induced in ...
The Intracellular Growth of Fowl -Plague Virus
... virus penetrating a cell first invades the nucleus, multiplying in or in the region of the nucleoli, and that only after a certain stage has been reached does it extend into the cytoplasm in a filamentous form. The segmentation of the filaments is associated with the disintegration of the infected c ...
... virus penetrating a cell first invades the nucleus, multiplying in or in the region of the nucleoli, and that only after a certain stage has been reached does it extend into the cytoplasm in a filamentous form. The segmentation of the filaments is associated with the disintegration of the infected c ...
Chapter 1 Jeopardy Review
... Jellyfish, worms, and insects are classified together because none of them have a ______________ to support its body. ...
... Jellyfish, worms, and insects are classified together because none of them have a ______________ to support its body. ...
P215 - Basic Human Physiology
... – Ca2+ Binding Protein – Holds tropomyosin in place – Ca2+ binding induces shape change that repositions tropomyosin ...
... – Ca2+ Binding Protein – Holds tropomyosin in place – Ca2+ binding induces shape change that repositions tropomyosin ...
Biology Partnership (A Teacher Quality Grant)
... and the cell eventually divides into two daughter cells. Meiosis is a type of cell division that forms cells with half the number of chromosomes normally found in cells of the species. If they did not, on fertilization, the chromosome number would be doubled in the new generation. Meiosis is referre ...
... and the cell eventually divides into two daughter cells. Meiosis is a type of cell division that forms cells with half the number of chromosomes normally found in cells of the species. If they did not, on fertilization, the chromosome number would be doubled in the new generation. Meiosis is referre ...
Muscle Movement Muscle Tissue Muscle Types Skeletal Muscle
... Types of Contractions • Isometric Contraction – muscle is prevented from shortening – contraction generates force on attachment points ...
... Types of Contractions • Isometric Contraction – muscle is prevented from shortening – contraction generates force on attachment points ...
CCL5-mediated T-cell chemotaxis involves the initiation of mRNA
... and thus its availability is under tight control. Three eIF4E inhibitory proteins, the 4E-BPs (4E-BP1-3), regulate mRNA translation by sequestering eIF4E.46 mTOR regulates translation by modulating the availability of eIF4E through hyperphosphorylation of 4E-BP1.47 The mRNA 5⬘-cap structure is bound ...
... and thus its availability is under tight control. Three eIF4E inhibitory proteins, the 4E-BPs (4E-BP1-3), regulate mRNA translation by sequestering eIF4E.46 mTOR regulates translation by modulating the availability of eIF4E through hyperphosphorylation of 4E-BP1.47 The mRNA 5⬘-cap structure is bound ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.